【狂神说Java】JavaWeb入门到实战：过滤器，监听器，MVC拦截器，Servlet，注解配置和XML配置，SpringBoot Java注解配置，Tomcat配置运行Java Enterpris

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-21 22:43:05 发布

天海华兮

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-21 22:43:05 发布

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分类专栏： Java EE 文章标签：过滤器 Java Enterpris 注解和xml配置

原文链接：https://www.kuangstudy.com/

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Filter

Filter:过滤器，用来过滤网站的数据;

处理中文乱码1
登录验证…
过滤敏感词

项目初始化

新建 Maven项目，idea打开后，选择项目最外层，选择添加框架支持——web应用程序版本4.0，创建web.xml
1. 这种测试不行，所有配置，找不到对应的 servlet 和 filter
新建 Java Enterprise，
1. 模板为 Web 应用程序
2. 应用程序服务器为 tomcat 9.0.24
  1. 项目导入了如下包，可以使用注解
3. 下一步选择时添加上 servlet
目录结构为：src/main
1. 下有 webapp 注意不加s
2. java.com.xxx
文件——项目结构——项目设置
1. 项目——项目编译输出——demo3\out
2. 模块 demo3
  1. deom3 的根目录选到 demo3
  2. 源文件夹：src\main\java
    1. 测试文件夹：src\test\java
  3. 资源文件夹：src\main\resources
    1. 测试资源文件夹 src\test\resouces
  4. 排除的文件夹：target
  5. 路径，使用模块编译输出路径
    1. \demo3\target\classes
    2. \demo3\target\test-classes
  6. 依赖全部都有
3. Web
  1. Web部署描述符 \demo3\src\main\webapp\WEB-INF\web.xml
  2. Web资源目录 \demo3\src\main\webapp
  3. 源根 \src\main\java 和 \src\main\resources
4. 库所有的jar包都在，src 和 javaDoc 不用管
5. Facet 和上面 Web 设置一样。 Web部署描述符等等
6. 工作：有demo3:war 输出\demo3\target 归档类型
  1. demo3:war exploded 输出\demo3\target\demo3-1.0-SNAPSHOT 展开型
计算把 1 种的调整成这样的格式，依然不能运行。

Java Enterprise

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <junit.version>5.7.1</junit.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build> 
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3.1</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

其他知识配置文件不打包

    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

引入依赖

下面 servlet-api太老了

        <!--servlet 依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--JSP 依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--JSTL 表达式依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--standard 标签库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>

创建 servlet

//HttpServlet implements Servlet
public class ShowServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //super.doGet(req, resp);
        //不指定编码，会发生乱码
        //resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().write("你好呀，世界");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

配置 web.xml

在当前项目，web——WEB-INF——web.xml下

<web-app>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.kuang.ShowServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

import javax.servlet.annotation.*;

@WebServlet(name = "showServlet",value = "/show")
public class ShowServlet extends HttpServlet {
	//另一种使用，没有找到这个注解
    //import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    //在 javax.servlet-api 4.0.1包
}

配置过滤器

// @WebFilter
public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("初始化了");
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        //放行
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("销毁了");
    }
}

    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.kuang.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

Spring boot配置过滤器

@Configuration
public class FilterConfig {
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean<Filter> baseFilter() {
        FilterRegistrationBean<Filter> filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
        filterRegistrationBean.setFilter(new MyCharacterEncodingFilter());
        ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList<>();
        arrayList.add("/*");
        filterRegistrationBean.setUrlPatterns(arrayList);
        filterRegistrationBean.setOrder(1);
        return filterRegistrationBean;
    }
}

用户登录

编写登录和注销的 servlet

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        String username = req.getParameter("username");

        if (username.equals("admin")) {
            req.getSession().setAttribute("user_session", req.getSession().getId());

            /*Object user_session = req.getSession().getAttribute("user_session");
            if (user_session!=null){
                req.getSession().removeAttribute("user_session");
                resp.sendRedirect("/Login.jsp");
            }else {
                resp.sendRedirect("/Login.jsp");
            }*/

            resp.sendRedirect("/sys/success.jsp");
        } else {
            resp.sendRedirect("/error.jsp");
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

登录页面

<form action="/servlet/login" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="username">
    <input type="submit">
</form>

编写配置过滤器

public class SysFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse rep, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        //为了 拿到 session，向下转型。
        HttpServletRequest request1 = (HttpServletRequest) req;
        HttpServletResponse response1 = (HttpServletResponse) rep;

        if (request1.getSession().getAttribute("user_session") == null) {
            ((HttpServletResponse) rep).sendRedirect("/error.jsp");
            //response1.sendRedirect("/error.jsp"); 这种写法错误 
            //Cannot call sendError() after the response has been committed
        }

        chain.doFilter(req, rep);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
    }
}

    <filter>
        <filter-name>SysFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.kuang.filter.SysFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>SysFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/sys/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

监听器

public class OnlineCountListener implements HttpSessionListener {
    @Override
    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {
        //也可以作为web应用的全局变量被所有Servlet和JSPs访问
        //每一个web工程都只有一个ServletContext对象
        ServletContext ctx = se.getSession().getServletContext();

        //session销毁：1，手动销毁。2，配置过期时间。
        se.getSession().invalidate();

        Integer onlineCount = (Integer) ctx.getAttribute("OnlineCount");

        if (onlineCount == null) {
            onlineCount = 1;
        } else {
            onlineCount++;
        }
        ctx.setAttribute("OnlineCount", onlineCount);



    }

    @Override
    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) {

        ServletContext ctx = se.getSession().getServletContext();

        Integer onlineCount = (Integer) ctx.getAttribute("OnlineCount");

        if (onlineCount == null) {
            onlineCount = 0;
        } else {
            onlineCount--;
        }
        ctx.setAttribute("OnlineCount", onlineCount);
    }
}

    <listener>
        <listener-class>com.kuang.listener.OnlineCountListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>1</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

jsp中获取 ServletContext

    <%= this.getServletConfig().getServletContext().getAttribute("OnlineCount") %>

Spring boot拦截器(Mvc)

https://blog.csdn.net/someday____/article/details/126308356

创建

public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {// 实现HandlerInterceptor接口

    /**
     * 访问控制器方法前执行
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println(new Date() + "--preHandle:" + request.getRequestURL());
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 访问控制器方法后执行。就是controller方法走完。
     */
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
                           ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(new Date() + "--postHandle:" + request.getRequestURL());
    }

    /**
     * postHandle方法执行完成后执行，一般用于释放资源。
     * 调用前提：preHandle返回true
     * 调用时间：DispatcherServlet进行视图的渲染之后
     * 多用于清理资源
     */
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println(new Date() + "--afterCompletion:" + request.getRequestURL());
    }
}

配置

@Configuration
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    /**
     * 添加Web项目的拦截器
     */
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        // 对所有访问路径，都通过MyInterceptor类型的拦截器进行拦截
        registry.addInterceptor(new MyInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**")
                .excludePathPatterns("/", "/login", "/index.html", "/user/login", "/css/**", "/images/**", "/js/**", "/fonts/**");
        //放行登录页，登陆操作，静态资源
    }
}

tomcat

请你谈谈网站是如何进行访问的!1.输入一个域名;回车
⒉.检查本机的C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts 配置文件下有没有这个域名映射;
1.有:直接返回对应的ip地址，这个地址中，有我们需要访问的web程序，可以直接访问
127.0.0.1
www. qinjiang.com
2.没有:去DNS服务器找，找到的话就返回，找不到就返回找不到;

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【狂神说Java】JavaWeb入门到实战：过滤器，监听器，MVC拦截器，Servlet，注解配置和XML配置，SpringBoot Java注解配置，Tomcat配置运行Java Enterpris

过滤器，监听器，MVC拦截器，Servlet，注解配置和XML配置，SpringBoot Java注解配置，Tomcat配置运行Java Enterpris
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