k8s+Prometheus+grafana出图

理论不在追述，大家都会，直接上手
一、使用exporter采集数据
由于exporter要采集数据，每个节点都要有一个，所以我用daemoset控制器创建，当然你也可以用deployment，pod呀，其他控制器。随意。

1、创建一个新的名称空间作为监控使用

kubectl create ns   monitor

创建一个监控的配置文件

[root@k8s-master monitor]# cat node-export.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: node-exporter
  namespace: monitor
  labels:
    name: node-exporter
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
     name: node-exporter
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: node-exporter
    spec:
      hostPID: true
      hostIPC: true
      hostNetwork: true
      containers:
      - name: node-exporter
        image: prom/node-exporter:v0.16.0
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9100
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 0.15
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
        args:
        - --path.procfs
        - /host/proc
        - --path.sysfs
        - /host/sys
        - --collector.filesystem.ignored-mount-points
        - '"^/(sys|proc|dev|host|etc)($|/)"'
        volumeMounts:
        - name: dev
          mountPath: /host/dev
        - name: proc
          mountPath: /host/proc
        - name: sys
          mountPath: /host/sys
        - name: rootfs
          mountPath: /rootfs
      tolerations:
      - key: "node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane"
        operator: "Exists"
        effect: "NoSchedule"
      volumes:
        - name: proc
          hostPath:
            path: /proc
        - name: dev
          hostPath:
            path: /dev
        - name: sys
          hostPath:
            path: /sys
        - name: rootfs
          hostPath:
            path: /

查看状态

kubectl get -n monitor pod -owide

如下

查看是否有数据指标
curl 172.30.0.152:9100/metrics
创建sa账号

[root@k8s-master monitor]# kubectl create sa monitor -n monitor
serviceaccount/monitor created

绑定授权，通过clusterrolebinding绑定到cluster-admin上。

 kubectl create clusterrolebinding monitor-clusterrolebinding -n monitor --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=monitor:monitor

查看权限

kubectl get clusterrole cluster-admin -o yaml

给系统用户也授权，防止后面权限不够

kubectl create clusterrolebinding monitor-clusterrolebinding-1  -n monitor --clusterrole=cluster-admin   --user=system:serviceaccount:monitor:monitor

在两个节点创建存放监控数据的目录

[root@k8s-node1 ~]# mkdir /data
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# chmod 777 /data/

创建configmap存放配置（文件来源于官方文档https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/）

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    app: prometheus
  name: prometheus-config
  namespace: monitor
data:
  prometheus.yml: |
    global:
      scrape_interval: 15s
      scrape_timeout: 10s
      evaluation_interval: 1m
    scrape_configs:
    - job_name: 'kubernetes-node'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: node
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        regex: '(.*):10250'
        replacement: '${1}:9100'
        target_label: __address__
        action: replace
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
    - job_name: 'kubernetes-node-cadvisor'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role:  node
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
        regex: (.+)
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor
    - job_name: 'kubernetes-apiserver'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
        action: keep
        regex: default;kubernetes;https
    - job_name: 'kubernetes-service-endpoints'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
        action: replace
        target_label: __scheme__
        regex: (https?)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
        action: replace
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        regex: (.+)
      - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
        action: replace
        target_label: __address__
        regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
        replacement: $1:$2
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_name

扩展

这里的意思是，通过正则表达式，把10250端口改为9100端口，9100是expoter的，也可以修改exporter为10250

安装ui界面

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: prometheus-server
  namespace: monitor
  labels:
    app: prometheus
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus
      component: server
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus
        component: server
      annotations:
        prometheus.io/scrape: 'false'
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: monitor
      containers:
      - name: prometheus
        image: prom/prometheus:v2.2.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        command:
          - prometheus
          - --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
          - --storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus
          - --storage.tsdb.retention=720h
          - --web.enable-lifecycle
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
          protocol: TCP
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /etc/prometheus
          name: prometheus-config
        - mountPath: /prometheus/
          name: prometheus-storage-volume
      volumes:
        - name: prometheus-config
          configMap:
            name: prometheus-config
        - name: prometheus-storage-volume
          hostPath:
           path: /data
           type: Directory

创建四层代理

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: prometheus
  namespace: monitor
  labels:
    app: prometheus
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 9090
      targetPort: 9090
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: prometheus
    component: server

查看
service/prometheus created
[root@k8s-master monitor]# kubectl get svc -n monitor
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
prometheus NodePort 10.111.233.163 9090:30474/TCP 12s

通过任意节点ip:30747

如果master节点通信有问题，检查污点是否匹配

 kubectl describe k8s-master

直到如下图

至此普罗米修斯部署完毕
下结是热加载和grafana出图