jmap查看内存-Memory Map for Java

jmap查看内存-Memory Map for Java

• jmap能够打印给定Java进程、核心文件或远程DEBUG服务器的共享对象内存映射或堆内存的详细信息

• 内存监控

• 分析对象内存

  -heap 输出整个堆空间的详细信息，包括GC的使用、堆配置信息，以及内存的使用信息等

  [root@hecs-82454 ~]# jmap -heap 25578
  Attaching to process ID 25578, please wait...
  Debugger attached successfully.
  Server compiler detected.
  JVM version is 25.201-b09
  
  using thread-local object allocation.
  Mark Sweep Compact GC
  
  Heap Configuration:
     MinHeapFreeRatio         = 40
     MaxHeapFreeRatio         = 70
     MaxHeapSize              = 482344960 (460.0MB)
     NewSize                  = 10485760 (10.0MB)
     MaxNewSize               = 160759808 (153.3125MB)
     OldSize                  = 20971520 (20.0MB)
     NewRatio                 = 2
     SurvivorRatio            = 8
     MetaspaceSize            = 21807104 (20.796875MB)
     CompressedClassSpaceSize = 1073741824 (1024.0MB)
     MaxMetaspaceSize         = 17592186044415 MB
     G1HeapRegionSize         = 0 (0.0MB)
  
  Heap Usage:
  New Generation (Eden + 1 Survivor Space):
     capacity = 9502720 (9.0625MB)
     used     = 6034800 (5.7552337646484375MB)
     free     = 3467920 (3.3072662353515625MB)
     63.506027747844826% used
  Eden Space:
     capacity = 8454144 (8.0625MB)
     used     = 5128760 (4.891166687011719MB)
     free     = 3325384 (3.1713333129882812MB)
     60.665633327277135% used
  From Space:
     capacity = 1048576 (1.0MB)
     used     = 906040 (0.8640670776367188MB)
     free     = 142536 (0.13593292236328125MB)
     86.40670776367188% used
  To Space:
     capacity = 1048576 (1.0MB)
     used     = 0 (0.0MB)
     free     = 1048576 (1.0MB)
     0.0% used
  tenured generation:
     capacity = 20971520 (20.0MB)
     used     = 11345584 (10.819992065429688MB)
     free     = 9625936 (9.180007934570312MB)
     54.09996032714844% used
  
  11470 interned Strings occupying 978056 bytes.
  

  都代表什么意思呢

  Attaching to process ID 3764, please wait...
  Debugger attached successfully.
  Server compiler detected.
  JVM version is 25.171-b11
  
  using thread-local object allocation.
  Parallel GC with 8 thread(s) //采用Parallel GC 
  
  Heap Configuration:
     MinHeapFreeRatio         = 0    //JVM最小空闲比率 可由-XX:MinHeapFreeRatio=<n>参数设置， jvm heap 在使用率小于 n 时 ,heap 进行收缩
     MaxHeapFreeRatio         = 100  //JVM最大空闲比率 可由-XX:MaxHeapFreeRatio=<n>参数设置， jvm heap 在使用率大于 n 时 ,heap 进行扩张 
     MaxHeapSize              = 2095054848 (1998.0MB) //JVM堆的最大大小 可由-XX:MaxHeapSize=<n>参数设置
     NewSize                  = 44040192 (42.0MB) //JVM新生代的默认大小 可由-XX:NewSize=<n>参数设置
     MaxNewSize               = 698351616 (666.0MB) //JVM新生代的最大大小 可由-XX:MaxNewSize=<n>参数设置
     OldSize                  = 88080384 (84.0MB) //JVM老生代的默认大小 可由-XX:OldSize=<n>参数设置 
     NewRatio                 = 2 //新生代：老生代（的大小）=1:2 可由-XX:NewRatio=<n>参数指定New Generation与Old Generation heap size的比例。
     SurvivorRatio            = 8 //survivor:eden = 1:8,即survivor space是新生代大小的1/(8+2)[因为有两个survivor区域] 可由-XX:SurvivorRatio=<n>参数设置
     MetaspaceSize            = 21807104 (20.796875MB) //元空间的默认大小，超过此值就会触发Full GC 可由-XX:MetaspaceSize=<n>参数设置
     CompressedClassSpaceSize = 1073741824 (1024.0MB) //类指针压缩空间的默认大小 可由-XX:CompressedClassSpaceSize=<n>参数设置
     MaxMetaspaceSize         = 17592186044415 MB //元空间的最大大小 可由-XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=<n>参数设置
     G1HeapRegionSize         = 0 (0.0MB) //使用G1垃圾收集器的时候，堆被分割的大小 可由-XX:G1HeapRegionSize=<n>参数设置
  
  Heap Usage:
  PS Young Generation //新生代区域分配情况
  Eden Space: //Eden区域分配情况
     capacity = 89653248 (85.5MB)
     used     = 8946488 (8.532035827636719MB)
     free     = 80706760 (76.96796417236328MB)
     9.978989272089729% used
  From Space: //其中一个Survivor区域分配情况
     capacity = 42467328 (40.5MB)
     used     = 15497496 (14.779563903808594MB)
     free     = 26969832 (25.720436096191406MB)
     36.49275037977431% used
  To Space:  //另一个Survivor区域分配情况
     capacity = 42991616 (41.0MB)
     used     = 0 (0.0MB)
     free     = 42991616 (41.0MB)
     0.0% used
  PS Old Generation //老生代区域分配情况
     capacity = 154664960 (147.5MB)
     used     = 98556712 (93.99100494384766MB)
     free     = 56108248 (53.508995056152344MB)
     63.722715216167906% used
  
  1819 interned Strings occupying 163384 bytes.
  

-histo 输出堆空间中对象的统计信息，包括类、实例数量和合计容量

会打印出太多东西，所以我们需要查一下前X个，但是为什么不准确呢？

[root@hecs-82454 ~]# jmap -histo 25578 | head -n 30

 num     #instances         #bytes  class name
----------------------------------------------
   1:         36277        3852128  [C
   2:          6641        1860184  [I
   3:          4205        1185840  [B
   4:         33619         806856  java.lang.String
   5:          8847         778536  java.lang.reflect.Method
   6:          6234         688152  java.lang.Class
   7:         20944         670208  java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer$Node
   8:         19979         639328  java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$Node
   9:          7481         420024  [Ljava.lang.Object;
  10:          8484         339360  java.util.HashMap$KeyIterator
  11:          8136         325440  java.util.LinkedHashMap$Entry
  12:          3551         304832  [Ljava.util.HashMap$Node;
  13:          5378         301168  java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$KeyIterator
  14:           119         251632  [Ljava.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap$Node;
  15:         11351         248896  [Ljava.lang.Class;
  16:          6446         206272  java.util.HashMap$Node
  17:         12664         202624  java.lang.Object
  18:          3543         198408  java.util.LinkedHashMap
  19:          5173         165536  java.util.ArrayList$Itr
  20:          5753         138072  java.util.Collections$UnmodifiableCollection$1
  21:          3415         136600  java.util.HashMap$ValueIterator
  22:          1712         123264  java.lang.reflect.Field
  23:          2404         115392  org.springframework.util.ConcurrentReferenceHashMap$SoftEntryReference
  24:          2753         110120  java.util.TreeMap$Entry
  25:           857         102840  org.springframework.boot.loader.jar.JarEntry
  26:          1270         102304  [Ljava.util.WeakHashMap$Entry;
  27:          4254         102096  java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList$COWIterator

其中#instances 为实例个数， #bytes为字节大小， class name 是对应的对象类型
B byte
C char
D double
F float
S short
I int
J long
Z boolean
[ 数组，如[I表示int[]
[L+类名 其他对象

查看堆内存中的对象数目、大小统计直方图，如果带上live则只统计活对象，如下：
  jmap -histo:live pid

-dump 生成dump文件

Heap dump又称为堆转储文件，指一个Java进程在某个时间点的内存快照。
注：通常在写Heap dump文件之前，会执行一次Full GC，所以heap dump中保存的都是Full GC后留下的对象信息。

[root@hecs-82454 ~]# jmap -dump:format=b,file=/usr/local/1.hprof 25578

如果只想导出活着的对象

[root@hecs-82454 ~]# jmap -dump:live,format=b,file=/usr/local/1.hprof 25578

JVM中配置以下参数，当发生OOM时，将导出应用程序的当前堆快照。

-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError 
-XX:HeapDumpPath=/opt/3.hprof