声明
声明的格式为:<%! %>
声明是声明实例变量,在转换成Servlet源文件的时候是以属性的形式生成。
表达式
表达式是或者运算值
表达式的格式为:<%= %>
scriptlet脚本
scriptlet是java脚本,里面可以直接写java代码。
scriptlet的格式为:<% %>
如下例:jiaoben.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>My JSP 'jiaoben.jsp' starting page</title>
</head>
<%! int age = 28; %>
<body>
<%
String mess = "test scriptlet";
out.print(mess + "<br>");
if(age > 18){
%>
成人拉! <br>
<%}%>
该人的年龄为:
<%=age %>
</body>
</html>
转换成Servlet 的代码如下:
package org.apache.jsp;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
import java.util.*;
public final class jiaoben_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {
int age = 28;
private static java.util.Vector _jspx_dependants;
public java.util.List getDependants() {
return _jspx_dependants;
}
public void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws java.io.IOException, ServletException {
JspFactory _jspxFactory = null;
PageContext pageContext = null;
HttpSession session = null;
ServletContext application = null;
ServletConfig config = null;
JspWriter out = null;
Object page = this;
JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
try {
_jspxFactory = JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=gbk");
pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
null, true, 8192, true);
application = pageContext.getServletContext();
config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
session = pageContext.getSession();
out = pageContext.getOut();
_jspx_out = out;
out.write("\r\n\r\n<html>\r\n <head>\r\n \r\n <title>My JSP 'jiaoben.jsp' starting page</title>\r\n\r\n </head>\r\n ");
out.write("\r\n <body>\r\n ");
String mess = "test scriptlet";
out.print(mess + "<br>");
if(age > 18){
out.write("鎴愪汉鎷夛紒<br>\r\n ");
}
out.write("\r\n 璇ヤ汉鐨勫勾榫勪负锛?);
out.print(age );
out.write("\r\n </body>\r\n</html>\r\n");
} catch (Throwable t) {
if (!(t instanceof SkipPageException)){
out = _jspx_out;
if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
out.clearBuffer();
if (pageContext != null) pageContext.handlePageException(t);
}
} finally {
if (_jspxFactory != null) _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(pageContext);
}
}
}
注意:在 <% %>声明的String mess = "test scriptlet"; 是生成在方法里的。在<%! %>声明的int age = 28; 是生成在属性里的。
执行完后生成的HTML代码如下:
<html>
<head>
<title>My JSP 'jiaoben.jsp' starting page</title>
</head>
<body>
test scriptlet<br>
成人拉! <br>
该人的年龄为:28
</body>
</html>
在浏览器里的运行结果如下图:
注意: 在标准的开发里面,是不允许在页面里面直接写java代码的。在页面里面只能以标签的形式出现。本章后面会介绍通过自定义标签来取代直接写java代码的操作。但是在要求不高的小型项目里面,在页面里面直接使用java代码会提高开发效率。