查看CPU/CACHE的拓扑结构

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已于 2022-06-17 11:24:36 修改

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文章标签： linux 运维服务器

于 2022-06-17 11:18:48 首次发布

原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/shengs/p/10028920.html

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转自查看CPU/CACHE的拓扑结构 - blogsheng - 博客园

Linux上，CPU和Cache相关的拓扑结构，都可以从sysfs文件系统的目录 /sys/devices/system/cpu/ 来获取详细信息。
在网上，找了对CPU相关拓扑结构的解析的两个脚本，觉得还不错；尽管看起来仍有些粗糙，也暂时去改进了。

一个是来自：Prints number of cores, CPU topology and cache topology/size on Linux machines · GitHub ；它可以打印出每个逻辑CPU属于那儿Socket、哪个core，以及与哪些CPU共享L1/L2/L3的Cache。

#!/bin/bash
 
unshared () {
    grep '^[0-9]\+$' "$1" > /dev/null
}
 
for cpu in $(ls -d /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]* | sort -t u -k 3 -n); do
    echo "${cpu##*/}: [Package #$(cat $cpu/topology/physical_package_id), Core #$(cat $cpu/topology/core_id)]"
    if ! unshared $cpu/topology/core_siblings_list; then
        echo "  same package as $(cat $cpu/topology/core_siblings_list)"
    fi
    if ! unshared $cpu/topology/thread_siblings_list; then
        echo "  same core as    $(cat $cpu/topology/thread_siblings_list)"
    fi
    for cache in $cpu/cache/index*; do
        printf "  %-15s " "L$(cat $cache/level) $(cat $cache/type):"
        echo "$(cat $cache/size) $(cat $cache/ways_of_associativity)-way with $(cat $cache/coherency_line_size) byte lines"
        if ! unshared $cache/shared_cpu_list; then
            printf "  %-15s [%s]\n" "" "shared with $(cat $cache/shared_cpu_list)"
        fi
    done
    echo
done

另一个时候cpu_layout.py脚本，来自dpdk项目，用于展示CPU的拓扑结构（不包括cache的信息）：cpu_layout.py\usertools - dpdk - Data Plane Development Kit

#!/usr/bin/env python
 
#
#   BSD LICENSE  （此处省略过多的License信息）
 
from __future__ import print_function
import sys
try:
    xrange # Python 2
except NameError:
    xrange = range # Python 3
 
sockets = []
cores = []
core_map = {}
base_path = "/sys/devices/system/cpu"
fd = open("{}/kernel_max".format(base_path))
max_cpus = int(fd.read())
fd.close()
for cpu in xrange(max_cpus + 1):
    try:
        fd = open("{}/cpu{}/topology/core_id".format(base_path, cpu))
    except IOError:
        continue
    except:
        break
    core = int(fd.read())
    fd.close()
    fd = open("{}/cpu{}/topology/physical_package_id".format(base_path, cpu))
    socket = int(fd.read())
    fd.close()
    if core not in cores:
        cores.append(core)
    if socket not in sockets:
        sockets.append(socket)
    key = (socket, core)
    if key not in core_map:
        core_map[key] = []
    core_map[key].append(cpu)
 
print(format("=" * (47 + len(base_path))))
print("Core and Socket Information (as reported by '{}')".format(base_path))
print("{}\n".format("=" * (47 + len(base_path))))
print("cores = ", cores)
print("sockets = ", sockets)
print("")
 
max_processor_len = len(str(len(cores) * len(sockets) * 2 - 1))
max_thread_count = len(list(core_map.values())[0])
max_core_map_len = (max_processor_len * max_thread_count)  \
                      + len(", ") * (max_thread_count - 1) \
                      + len('[]') + len('Socket ')
max_core_id_len = len(str(max(cores)))
 
output = " ".ljust(max_core_id_len + len('Core '))
for s in sockets:
    output += " Socket %s" % str(s).ljust(max_core_map_len - len('Socket '))
print(output)
 
output = " ".ljust(max_core_id_len + len('Core '))
for s in sockets:
    output += " --------".ljust(max_core_map_len)
    output += " "
print(output)
 
for c in cores:
    output = "Core %s" % str(c).ljust(max_core_id_len)
    for s in sockets:
        if (s,c) in core_map:
            output += " " + str(core_map[(s, c)]).ljust(max_core_map_len)
        else:
            output += " " * (max_core_map_len + 1)
    print(output)

当NUMA架构下，你可能还需要了解NUMA的分布，包括每个节点上有哪些逻辑处理器、有多少内存等信息，那么使用numactl工具来查看（在CentOS上可以用yum install numactl命令来安装该工具）。

$ numactl --hardware
available: 4 nodes (0-3)
node 0 cpus: 0 1 2 3 7 8 12 13 14 18 19 20 48 49 50 51 55 56 60 61 62 66 67 68
node 0 size: 95207 MB
node 0 free: 38465 MB
node 1 cpus: 4 5 6 9 10 11 15 16 17 21 22 23 52 53 54 57 58 59 63 64 65 69 70 71
node 1 size: 96762 MB
node 1 free: 40779 MB
node 2 cpus: 24 25 26 27 31 32 33 37 38 39 43 44 72 73 74 75 79 80 81 85 86 87 91 92
node 2 size: 96762 MB
node 2 free: 40226 MB
node 3 cpus: 28 29 30 34 35 36 40 41 42 45 46 47 76 77 78 82 83 84 88 89 90 93 94 95
node 3 size: 96222 MB
node 3 free: 41866 MB
node distances:
node   0   1   2   3
  0:  10  11  21  21
  1:  11  10  21  21
  2:  21  21  10  11
  3:  21  21  11  10

另外，lscpu 命令也是可以查看很多CPU的信息（包括：架构、逻辑CPU数量、核数、主频、Cache大小、NUMA信息等），该命令在CentOS上是在 util-linux 软件包中。

还有 cat /proc/cpuinfo，分享另一个通过cat /proc/cpuinfo来获取信息的脚本

#!/bin/bash

# Simple print cpu topology
# Author: kodango

function get_nr_processor()
{
    grep '^processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l
}

function get_nr_socket()
{
    grep 'physical id' /proc/cpuinfo | awk -F: '{
            print $2 | "sort -un"}' | wc -l
}

function get_nr_siblings()
{
    grep 'siblings' /proc/cpuinfo | awk -F: '{
            print $2 | "sort -un"}'
}

function get_nr_cores_of_socket()
{
    grep 'cpu cores' /proc/cpuinfo | awk -F: '{
            print $2 | "sort -un"}'
}

echo '===== CPU Topology Table ====='
echo

echo '+--------------+---------+-----------+'
echo '| Processor ID | Core ID | Socket ID |'
echo '+--------------+---------+-----------+'

while read line; do
    if [ -z "$line" ]; then
        printf '| %-12s | %-7s | %-9s |\n' $p_id $c_id $s_id
        echo '+--------------+---------+-----------+'
        continue
    fi

    if echo "$line" | grep -q "^processor"; then
        p_id=`echo "$line" | awk -F: '{print $2}' | tr -d ' '`
    fi

    if echo "$line" | grep -q "^core id"; then
        c_id=`echo "$line" | awk -F: '{print $2}' | tr -d ' '`
    fi

    if echo "$line" | grep -q "^physical id"; then
        s_id=`echo "$line" | awk -F: '{print $2}' | tr -d ' '`
    fi
done < /proc/cpuinfo

echo

awk -F: '{
    if ($1 ~ /processor/) {
        gsub(/ /,"",$2);
        p_id=$2;
    } else if ($1 ~ /physical id/){
        gsub(/ /,"",$2);
        s_id=$2;
        arr[s_id]=arr[s_id] " " p_id
    }
}
END{
    for (i in arr)
        printf "Socket %s:%s\n", i, arr[i];
}' /proc/cpuinfo

echo
echo '===== CPU Info Summary ====='
echo

nr_processor=`get_nr_processor`
echo "Logical processors: $nr_processor"

nr_socket=`get_nr_socket`
echo "Physical socket: $nr_socket"

nr_siblings=`get_nr_siblings`
echo "Siblings in one socket: $nr_siblings"

nr_cores=`get_nr_cores_of_socket`
echo "Cores in one socket: $nr_cores"

let nr_cores*=nr_socket
echo "Cores in total: $nr_cores"

if [ "$nr_cores" = "$nr_processor" ]; then
    echo "Hyper-Threading: off"
else
    echo "Hyper-Threading: on"
fi

echo
echo '===== END ====='

如果想要查看cache共享情况可以通过下面的命令:

cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache/index3/shared_cpu_list

如查看cpu0 的一级缓存中的有多少组，（cache多路组相连的具体情况）

$ cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache/index0/number_of_sets
64

如查看cpu0的一级缓存中一组中的行数

$cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache/index0/ways_of_associativity
8

index3 代表L3 cache，cpu0代表查看和cpu0共享L3 cache的情况，查看其他的cpu修改为对应的值即可。

index0和Index1是一级cache中的data和instruction cache

$ cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache/index0/type
Data

$ cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache/index1/type
Instruction

参考链接

linux 上查询cache 大小的方法_liu-yonggang的博客-CSDN博客_linux查看cache大小

Linux下查看CPU Cache信息_风声2012的博客-CSDN博客

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查看CPU/CACHE的拓扑结构

CPU和Cache相关的拓扑结构，都可以从sysfs文件系统的目录 /sys/devices/system/cpu/ 来获取详细信息。在网上，找了对CPU相关拓扑结构的解析的两个脚本，觉得还不错；尽管看起来仍有些粗糙
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