namespace IO {
const static int maxn = 200 << 20;
static char buf[maxn], *pbuf = buf, *End; //静态局部变量
//初始读入
void init() {
int c = fread(buf, 1, maxn, stdin);
End = buf + c;
}
//读数值
int readint() {
static int ans;
ans = 0;
while (pbuf != End && (*pbuf<'0' || *pbuf>'9')) pbuf ++;
while (pbuf != End && '0'<=*pbuf && *pbuf<='9') {
ans = ans * 10 + *pbuf - '0';
pbuf ++;
}
return ans;
}
//.....
}
using namespace IO;