50道SQL练习题

--创建测试数据
create table Student(Sno varchar(10),Sname nvarchar(10),Sage datetime,Ssex nvarchar(10));
insert into Student values('01' , N'赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , N'男');
insert into Student values('02' , N'钱电' , '1990-12-21' , N'男');
insert into Student values('03' , N'孙风' , '1990-05-20' , N'男');
insert into Student values('04' , N'李云' , '1990-08-06' , N'男');
insert into Student values('05' , N'周梅' , '1991-12-01' , N'女');
insert into Student values('06' , N'吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , N'女');
insert into Student values('07' , N'郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , N'女');
insert into Student values('08' , N'王菊' , '1990-01-20' , N'女');
create table Course(Cno varchar(10),Cname nvarchar(10),Tno varchar(10));
insert into Course values('01' , N'语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , N'数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , N'英语' , '03');
create table Teacher(Tno varchar(10),Tname nvarchar(10));
insert into Teacher values('01' , N'张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , N'李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , N'王五');
create table SC(Sno varchar(10),Cno varchar(10),score decimal(18,1));
insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);


--Student(Sno,Sname,Sage,Ssex)  学生表   Sno学号,主键
--Course(Cno,Cname,Tno)         课程表   Cno课程号,主键
--SC(Sno,Cno,score)             成绩表
--Teacher(Tno,Tname)            教师表   Tno教师编号,主键


1、查询“001”课程比“002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号;  
select a.Sno from (select Sno,score from SC where Cno='001') a,(select Sno,score  
from SC where Cno='002') b  
where a.score>b.score and a.Sno=b.Sno;  
--解法二:
select a.sno from sc a,sc b where a.sno=b.sno and a.cno='01' and b.cno='02' and a.score>b.score;
2、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩;  
select Sno,avg(score)  
from sc  
group by Sno having avg(score) >60;  
3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩;  
select Student.Sno,Student.Sname,count(SC.Cno),sum(score)  
from Student left Outer join SC on Student.Sno=SC.Sno  
group by Student.Sno,Sname;  
4、查询姓“李”的老师的个数;  
select count(distinct(Tname))  
from Teacher  
where Tname like '李%';  
5、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名;  
select Student.Sno,Student.Sname  
from Student  
where Sno not in (select distinct( SC.Sno) from SC,Course,Teacher where SC.Cno=Course.Cno and Teacher.Tno=Course.Tno and Teacher.Tname='叶平');  
6、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名;  
select Student.Sno,Student.Sname from Student,SC where Student.Sno=SC.Sno and SC.Cno='001'and exists( Select * from SC as SC_2 where SC_2.Sno=SC.Sno and SC_2.Cno='002');  
7、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名;  
select Sno,Sname  
from Student  
where Sno in (select Sno from SC ,Course ,Teacher where SC.Cno=Course.Cno and Teacher.Tno=Course.Tno and Teacher.Tname='叶平' group by Sno having count(SC.Cno)=(select count(Cno) from Course,Teacher where Teacher.Tno=Course.Tno and Tname='叶平'));  
8、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名;  
Select Sno,Sname from (select Student.Sno,Student.Sname,score ,(select score from SC SC_2 where SC_2.Sno=Student.Sno and SC_2.Cno='002') score2  
from Student,SC where Student.Sno=SC.Sno and Cno='001') S_2 where score2 <score;  
9、查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名;  
select Sno,Sname  
from Student  
where Sno not in (select Student.Sno from Student,SC where S.Sno=SC.Sno and score>60);  
10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名;  
select Student.Sno,Student.Sname  
from Student,SC  
where Student.Sno=SC.Sno group by Student.Sno,Student.Sname having count(Cno) <(select count(Cno) from Course);  
11、查询至少有一门课与学号为“1001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名;  
select Sno,Sname from Student,SC where Student.Sno=SC.Sno and Cno in select Cno from SC where Sno='1001';  
12、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有一门课的其他同学学号和姓名;  
select distinct SC.Sno,Sname  
from Student,SC  
where Student.Sno=SC.Sno and Cno in (select Cno from SC where Sno='001');  
13、把“SC”表中“叶平”老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩;  
update SC set score=(select avg(SC_2.score)  
from SC SC_2  
where SC_2.Cno=SC.Cno ) from Course,Teacher where Course.Cno=SC.Cno and Course.Tno=Teacher.Tno and Teacher.Tname='叶平');  
14、查询和“1002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名;  
select Sno from SC where Cno in (select Cno from SC where Sno='1002')  
group by Sno having count(*)=(select count(*) from SC where Sno='1002');  
15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录;  
Delect SC  
from course ,Teacher  
where Course.Cno=SC.Cno and Course.Tno= Teacher.Tno and Tname='叶平';  
16、向SC表中插入一些记录,这些记录要求符合以下条件:没有上过编号“003”课程的同学学号、2、  
号课的平均成绩;  
Insert SC select Sno,'002',(Select avg(score)  
from SC where Cno='002') from Student where Sno not in (Select Sno from SC where Cno='002');  
17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的“数据库”、“企业管理”、“英语”三门的课程成绩,按如下形式显示: 学生ID,,数据库,企业管理,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分  
SELECT Sno as 学生ID  
,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.Sno=t.Sno AND Cno='004') AS 数据库  
,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.Sno=t.Sno AND Cno='001') AS 企业管理  
,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.Sno=t.Sno AND Cno='006') AS 英语  
,COUNT(*) AS 有效课程数, AVG(t.score) AS 平均成绩  
FROM SC AS t  
GROUP BY Sno  
ORDER BY avg(t.score)  
18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分:以如下形式显示:课程ID,最高分,最低分  
SELECT L.Cno As 课程ID,L.score AS 最高分,R.score AS 最低分  
FROM SC L ,SC AS R  
WHERE L.Cno = R.Cno and  
L.score = (SELECT MAX(IL.score)  
FROM SC AS IL,Student AS IM  
WHERE L.Cno = IL.Cno and IM.Sno=IL.Sno  
GROUP BY IL.Cno)  
AND  
R.Score = (SELECT MIN(IR.score)  
FROM SC AS IR  
WHERE R.Cno = IR.Cno  
GROUP BY IR.Cno  
);  
19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序  
SELECT t.Cno AS 课程号,max(course.Cname)AS 课程名,isnull(AVG(score),0) AS 平均成绩  
,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) AS 及格百分数  
FROM SC T,Course  
where t.Cno=course.Cno  
GROUP BY t.Cno  
ORDER BY 100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) DESC  
20、查询如下课程平均成绩和及格率的百分数(用"1行"显示): 企业管理(001),马哲(002),OO&UML (003),数据库(004)  
SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN Cno ='001' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE Cno WHEN '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理平均分  
,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN Cno = '001' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN Cno = '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理及格百分数  
,SUM(CASE WHEN Cno = '002' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE Cno WHEN '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马哲平均分  
,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN Cno = '002' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN Cno = '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马哲及格百分数  
,SUM(CASE WHEN Cno = '003' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE Cno WHEN '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML平均分  
,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN Cno = '003' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN Cno = '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML及格百分数  
,SUM(CASE WHEN Cno = '004' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE Cno WHEN '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库平均分  
,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN Cno = '004' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN Cno = '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库及格百分数  
FROM SC  
21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示  
SELECT max(Z.Tno) AS 教师ID,MAX(Z.Tname) AS 教师姓名,C.Cno AS 课程ID,MAX(C.Cname) AS 课程名称,AVG(Score) AS 平均成绩  
FROM SC AS T,Course AS C ,Teacher AS Z  
where T.Cno=C.Cno and C.Tno=Z.Tno  
GROUP BY C.Cno  
ORDER BY AVG(Score) DESC  
22、查询如下课程成绩第 3 名到第 6 名的学生成绩单:企业管理(001),马哲(002),UML (003),数据库(004)  
[学生ID],[学生姓名],企业管理,马哲,UML,数据库,平均成绩  
SELECT DISTINCT top 3  
SC.Sno As 学生学号,  
Student.Sname AS 学生姓名 ,  
T1.score AS 企业管理,  
T2.score AS 马哲,  
T3.score AS UML,  
T4.score AS 数据库,  
ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) as 总分  
FROM Student,SC LEFT JOIN SC AS T1  
ON SC.Sno = T1.Sno AND T1.Cno = '001'  
LEFT JOIN SC AS T2  
ON SC.Sno = T2.Sno AND T2.Cno = '002'  
LEFT JOIN SC AS T3  
ON SC.Sno = T3.Sno AND T3.Cno = '003'  
LEFT JOIN SC AS T4  
ON SC.Sno = T4.Sno AND T4.Cno = '004'  
WHERE student.Sno=SC.Sno and  
ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)  
NOT IN  
(SELECT  
DISTINCT  
TOP 15 WITH TIES  
ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)  
FROM sc  
LEFT JOIN sc AS T1  
ON sc.Sno = T1.Sno AND T1.Cno = 'k1'  
LEFT JOIN sc AS T2  
ON sc.Sno = T2.Sno AND T2.Cno = 'k2'  
LEFT JOIN sc AS T3  
ON sc.Sno = T3.Sno AND T3.Cno = 'k3'  
LEFT JOIN sc AS T4  
ON sc.Sno = T4.Sno AND T4.Cno = 'k4'  
ORDER BY ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) DESC);  
  
23、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]  
SELECT SC.Cno as 课程ID, Cname as 课程名称  
,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 85 AND 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [100 - 85]  
,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 70 AND 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [85 - 70]  
,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 60 AND 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [70 - 60]  
,SUM(CASE WHEN score < 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [60 -]  
FROM SC,Course  
where SC.Cno=Course.Cno  
GROUP BY SC.Cno,Cname;  
  
24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次  
SELECT 1+(SELECT COUNT( distinct 平均成绩)  
FROM (SELECT Sno,AVG(score) AS 平均成绩  
FROM SC  
GROUP BY Sno  
) AS T1  
WHERE 平均成绩 > T2.平均成绩) as 名次,  
Sno as 学生学号,平均成绩  
FROM (SELECT Sno,AVG(score) 平均成绩  
FROM SC  
GROUP BY Sno  
) AS T2  
ORDER BY 平均成绩 desc;  
  
25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)  
SELECT t1.Sno as 学生ID,t1.Cno as 课程ID,Score as 分数  
FROM SC t1  
WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 3 score  
FROM SC  
WHERE t1.Cno= Cno  
ORDER BY score DESC  
)  
ORDER BY t1.Cno;  
26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数  
select Cno,count(Sno) from sc group by Cno;  
27、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名  
select SC.Sno,Student.Sname,count(Cno) AS 选课数  
from SC ,Student  
where SC.Sno=Student.Sno group by SC.Sno ,Student.Sname having count(Cno)=1;  
28、查询男生、女生人数  
Select count(Ssex) as 男生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='男';  
Select count(Ssex) as 女生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='女';  
29、查询姓“张”的学生名单  
SELECT Sname FROM Student WHERE Sname like '张%';  
30、查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数  
select Sname,count(*) from Student group by Sname having count(*)>1;;  
31、1981年出生的学生名单(注:Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)  
select Sname, CONVERT(char (11),DATEPART(year,Sage)) as age  
from student  
where CONVERT(char(11),DATEPART(year,Sage))='1981';  
32、查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩升序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程号降序排列  
Select Cno,Avg(score) from SC group by Cno order by Avg(score),Cno DESC ;  
33、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩  
select Sname,SC.Sno ,avg(score)  
from Student,SC  
where Student.Sno=SC.Sno group by SC.Sno,Sname having avg(score)>85;  
34、查询课程名称为“数据库”,且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数  
Select Sname,isnull(score,0)  
from Student,SC,Course  
where SC.Sno=Student.Sno and SC.Cno=Course.Cno and Course.Cname='数据库'and score <60;  
35、查询所有学生的选课情况;  
SELECT SC.Sno,SC.Cno,Sname,Cname  
FROM SC,Student,Course  
where SC.Sno=Student.Sno and SC.Cno=Course.Cno ;  
36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数;  
SELECT distinct student.Sno,student.Sname,SC.Cno,SC.score  
FROM student,Sc  
WHERE SC.score>=70 AND SC.Sno=student.Sno;  
37、查询不及格的课程,并按课程号从大到小排列  
select Cno from sc where score <60 order by Cno ;  
38、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名;  
select SC.Sno,Student.Sname from SC,Student where SC.Sno=Student.Sno and Score>80 and Cno='003';  
39、求选了课程的学生人数  
select count(*) from sc;  
40、查询选修“叶平”老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩  
select Student.Sname,score  
from Student,SC,Course C,Teacher  
where Student.Sno=SC.Sno and SC.Cno=C.Cno and C.Tno=Teacher.Tno and Teacher.Tname='叶平' and SC.score=(select max(score)from SC where Cno=C.Cno );  
41、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数  
select count(*) from sc group by Cno;  
42、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩  
select distinct A.Sno,B.score from SC A ,SC B where A.Score=B.Score and A.Cno <>B.Cno ;  
43、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名  
SELECT t1.Sno as 学生ID,t1.Cno as 课程ID,Score as 分数  
FROM SC t1  
WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 2 score  
FROM SC  
WHERE t1.Cno= Cno  
ORDER BY score DESC  
)  
ORDER BY t1.Cno;  
44、统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过10人的课程才统计)。要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列  
select Cno as 课程号,count(*) as 人数  
from sc  
group by Cno  
order by count(*) desc,Cno  
45、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号  
select Sno  
from sc  
group by Sno  
having count(*) > = 2  
46、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名  
select Cno,Cname  
from Course  
where Cno in (select Cno from sc group by Cno)  
47、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名  
select Sname from Student where Sno not in (select Sno from Course,Teacher,SC where Course.Tno=Teacher.Tno and SC.Cno=course.Cno and Tname='叶平');  
48、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩  
select Sno,avg(isnull(score,0)) from SC where Sno in (select Sno from SC where score <60 group by Sno having count(*)>2)group by Sno;  
49、检索“004”课程分数小于60,按分数降序排列的同学学号  
select Sno from SC where Cno='004'and score <60 order by score desc;  
50、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩  
delete from Sc where Sno='001'and Cno='001';  
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