Java中对象的序列化和反序列化

1)对象序列化，就是将Object转换成byte序列，反之叫对象的反序列化 
2)序列化流(ObjectOutputStream),是过滤流----writeObject

   反序列化流(ObjectInputStream)---readObject

3)序列化接口(Serializable)
   对象必须实现序列化接口 ，才能进行序列化，否则将出现异常
   这个接口，没有任何方法，只是一个标准
4) transient关键字
    //自己完成序列化操作
    private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
       throws java.io.IOException
    //自己完成反序列化操作
    private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
       throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException

例子：

package com.imooc.io;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Student implements Serializable{
	private String stuno;
	private String stuname;
	//该元素不会进行jvm默认的序列化,但可以通过writeObject，readObject自己完成这个元素的序列化
	private transient int stuage;  
	
	public Student(String stuno, String stuname, int stuage) {
		super();
		this.stuno = stuno;
		this.stuname = stuname;
		this.stuage = stuage;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [stuno=" + stuno + ", stuname=" + stuname + ", stuage="
				+ stuage + "]";
	}
	 private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
		        throws java.io.IOException{
		 s.defaultWriteObject();//把jvm能默认序列化的元素进行序列化操作
		 s.writeInt(stuage);//自己完成stuage的序列化
	 }
	 private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
		        throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException{
		  s.defaultReadObject();//把jvm能默认反序列化的元素进行反序列化操作
		  this.stuage = s.readInt();//自己完成stuage的反序列化操作
	}
}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		String file = "demo/obj.dat";
		//1.对象的序列化
		/*ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(
				new FileOutputStream(file));
		Student stu = new Student("10001", "张三", 20);
		oos.writeObject(stu);
		oos.flush();
		oos.close();*/
		ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(
				new FileInputStream(file));
		Student stu = (Student)ois.readObject();
		System.out.println(stu);
		ois.close();
		
	}

5)序列化中 子类和父类构造函数的调用问题

对子类对象进行反序列化操作时，如果其父类没有实现序列化接口那么其父类的构造函数会被调用

例子：

public class Demo{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		/*ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(
				new FileOutputStream("demo/obj1.dat"));
		Foo2 foo2 = new Foo2();
		oos.writeObject(foo2);
		oos.flush();
		oos.close();*/
		
		//反序列化是否递归调用父类的构造函数
		/*ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(
				new FileInputStream("demo/obj1.dat"));
		Foo2 foo2 = (Foo2)ois.readObject();
		System.out.println(foo2);
		ois.close();*/
		
		
		/*ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(
				new FileOutputStream("demo/obj1.dat"));
		Bar2 bar2 = new Bar2();
		oos.writeObject(bar2);
		oos.flush();
		oos.close();*/
		
		ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(
				new FileInputStream("demo/obj1.dat"));
		Bar2 bar2 = (Bar2)ois.readObject();
		System.out.println(bar2);
		ois.close();
	}
}
/*
 *   一个类实现了序列化接口，那么其子类都可以进行序列化
 */
class Foo implements Serializable{	
	public Foo(){
		System.out.println("foo...");
	}
}
class Foo1 extends Foo{
	public Foo1(){
		System.out.println("foo1...");
	}
}
class Foo2 extends Foo1{
	public Foo2(){
		System.out.println("foo2...");
	}
}
class Bar{
	public Bar(){
		System.out.println("bar");
	}
}
class Bar1 extends Bar{
	public Bar1(){
		System.out.println("bar1..");
	}
}
class Bar2 extends Bar1 implements Serializable{
	public Bar2(){
		System.out.println("bar2...");
	}
}