【linux-WebServer】nginx学习3(nginx基础概念-connection)

1.connection

在nginx中connection就是对tcp连接的封装,其中包括连接的socket,读事件,写事件。利用nginx封装的connection,我们可以很方便的使用nginx来处理与连接相关的事情,比如,建立连接,发送与接受数据等。而nginx中的http请求的处理就是建立在connection之上的,所以nginx不仅可以作为一个web服务器,也可以作为邮件服务器。当然,利用nginx提供的connection,我们可以与任何后端服务打交道。

2.nginx是如何处理一个连接

结合一个tcp连接的生命周期,我们看看nginx是如何处理一个连接的。
首先,nginx在启动时,会解析配置文件,得到需要监听的端口与ip地址,然后在nginx的master进程里面,先初始化好这个监控的socket(创建socket,设置addrreuse等选项,绑定到指定的ip地址端口,再listen),然后再fork出多个子进程出来,然后子进程会竞争accept新的连接。
此时,客户端就可以向nginx发起连接了。当客户端与服务端通过三次握手建立好一个连接后,nginx的某一个子进程会accept成功,得到这个建立好的连接的socket,然后创建nginx对连接的封装,即ngx_connection_t结构体。接着,设置读写事件处理函数并添加读写事件来与客户端进行数据的交换。最后,nginx或客户端来主动关掉连接,到此,一个连接就寿终正寝了。

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As an AI language model, I cannot access your server logs or configurations to determine the root cause of the "nginx connection refused" error. However, this error usually occurs when the nginx server is unable to establish a connection with the upstream server or the application server. Here are some possible reasons why you may encounter the "nginx connection refused" error: 1. The upstream server or application server is down or not responding. 2. The firewall or network settings are blocking the connection between the nginx server and the upstream server. 3. The nginx server is not configured to listen on the correct port. 4. The upstream server or application server is not configured to accept connections from the nginx server. 5. The upstream server or application server is overloaded or experiencing high traffic. To resolve the "nginx connection refused" error, you may need to perform the following troubleshooting steps: 1. Check the status of the upstream server or application server and ensure that it is running. 2. Check the network settings and firewall rules to ensure that the nginx server is allowed to connect to the upstream server. 3. Check the nginx configuration file and ensure that it is configured to listen on the correct port. 4. Check the upstream server or application server configuration and ensure that it is configured to accept connections from the nginx server. 5. If the upstream server or application server is overloaded, you may need to optimize its performance or add more resources to handle the traffic. If you are still unable to resolve the error, you may need to seek assistance from a qualified server administrator or web developer.

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