第一种方法:调用WideCharToMultiByte()和MultiByteToWideChar(),代码如下(关于详细的解释,可以参考《windows核心编程》):
#include <string>
#include <windows.h>
using namespace std;
//Converting a WChar string to a Ansi string
std::string WChar2Ansi(LPCWSTR pwszSrc)
{
int nLen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, pwszSrc, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
if (nLen<= 0) return std::string("");
char* pszDst = new char[nLen];
if (NULL == pszDst) return std::string("");
WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, pwszSrc, -1, pszDst, nLen, NULL, NULL);
pszDst[nLen -1] = 0;
std::string strTemp(pszDst);
delete [] pszDst;
return strTemp;
}
string ws2s(wstring& inputws){ return WChar2Ansi(inputws.c_str()); }
//Converting a Ansi string to WChar string
std::wstring Ansi2WChar(LPCSTR pszSrc, int nLen)
{
int nSize = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, (LPCSTR)pszSrc, nLen, 0, 0);
if(nSize <= 0) return NULL;
WCHAR *pwszDst = new WCHAR[nSize+1];
if( NULL == pwszDst) return NULL;
MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0,(LPCSTR)pszSrc, nLen, pwszDst, nSize);
pwszDst[nSize] = 0;
if( pwszDst[0] == 0xFEFF) // skip Oxfeff
for(int i = 0; i < nSize; i ++)
pwszDst[i] = pwszDst[i+1];
wstring wcharString(pwszDst);
delete pwszDst;
return wcharString;
}
std::wstring s2ws(const string& s){ return Ansi2WChar(s.c_str(),s.size());}
第二种方法:采用ATL封装_bstr_t的过渡:(注,_bstr_是Microsoft Specific的,所以下面代码可以在VS2005通过,无移植性);
#include <string>
#include <comutil.h>
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib, "comsuppw.lib")
string ws2s(const wstring& ws);
wstring s2ws(const string& s);
string ws2s(const wstring& ws)
{
_bstr_t t = ws.c_str();
char* pchar = (char*)t;
string result = pchar;
return result;
}
wstring s2ws(const string& s)
{
_bstr_t t = s.c_str();
wchar_t* pwchar = (wchar_t*)t;
wstring result = pwchar;
return result;
}
第三种方法:使用CRT库的mbstowcs()函数和wcstombs()函数,平台无关,需设定locale。
#include <string>
#include <locale.h>
using namespace std;
string ws2s(const wstring& ws)
{
string curLocale = setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL); // curLocale = "C";
setlocale(LC_ALL, "chs");
const wchar_t* _Source = ws.c_str();
size_t _Dsize = 2 * ws.size() + 1;
char *_Dest = new char[_Dsize];
memset(_Dest,0,_Dsize);
wcstombs(_Dest,_Source,_Dsize);
string result = _Dest;
delete []_Dest;
setlocale(LC_ALL, curLocale.c_str());
return result;
}
wstring s2ws(const string& s)
{
setlocale(LC_ALL, "chs");
const char* _Source = s.c_str();
size_t _Dsize = s.size() + 1;
wchar_t *_Dest = new wchar_t[_Dsize];
wmemset(_Dest, 0, _Dsize);
mbstowcs(_Dest,_Source,_Dsize);
wstring result = _Dest;
delete []_Dest;
setlocale(LC_ALL, "C");
return result;
}
在处理中文时有时需要进行wchar_t,char,string,wstring之间的转换。
其中char和string之间、wchar_t和wstring之间的转换较为简单,代码在vs2010下测试通过。
- #include <iostream>
- #include <string>
- #include <tchar.h>
- #include <Windows.h>
- using namespace std;
- //Converting a WChar string to a Ansi string
- char *w2c(char *pcstr,const wchar_t *pwstr, size_t len)
- {
- int nlength=wcslen(pwstr);
- //获取转换后的长度
- int nbytes = WideCharToMultiByte( 0, 0, pwstr, nlength, NULL,0,NULL, NULL );
- if(nbytes>len) nbytes=len;
- // 通过以上得到的结果,转换unicode 字符为ascii 字符
- WideCharToMultiByte( 0,0, pwstr, nlength, pcstr, nbytes, NULL, NULL );
- return pcstr ;
- }
- int main(){
- setlocale(LC_ALL,"chs");
- char* cc = "this is a char 测试";
- wchar_t* wcc = L"this is a wchar 测试";
- string str("this is a string 测试 ");
- wstring wstr = L"this is a wstring 测试";
- //string to char
- const char* char_test = str.c_str();
- //cout<<"char_test:"<<char_test<<endl;
- //char to string
- string ss = cc;
- //cout<<"ss is :"<<ss<<endl;
- //wstring to wchar
- const wchar_t* wchar_test = wstr.c_str();
- //wcout<<wchar_test<<endl;
- //wchar to wstring
- wstring wss = wcc;
- wcout<<wcc<<endl;
- //char to wchar_t
- wchar_t *wc = new wchar_t[str.size()+1];
- //swprintf(wc,L"%S",cc);
- //wcout<<cc<<endl;
- delete []wc;
- // wchar_t to char
- char *pcstr = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*(2 * wcslen(wcc)+1));
- memset(pcstr , 0 , 2 * wcslen(wcc)+1 );
- w2c(pcstr,wcc,2 * wcslen(wcc)+1) ;
- free(pcstr);
- system("pause");
- return 1;
- }