使用AndroidStudio执行UI Automator 自动化测试

摘要

最近在网上看到UIAutomator 2.0版本，并且貌似使用的框架都改变了，所以今天就抽空试了下

We’re pleased to announce the release of UIAutomator 2.0! This version is a significant update from the previous release. Most importantly, UI Automator is now based on Android Instrumentation and you can build and run tests with the ‘./gradlew connectedCheck’ command.

大体的意思就是UIAutomator2.0基于的框架改成了android的instrumentatioin的框架。并且可以通过gradle进行配置了，虽然说实话不太清楚为什么要将UiAutomator的框架改成instrumentation，但是我们先试试大概答题的环境出来吧。

下来我们就来试试通过Android Studio 来进行UiAutomator的配置吧

UiAutomator2.0的jar包并不是在以前SDK/platforms/android-19/下。现在我们要这么做

1. 通过Android SDK Manager中的 Android Support Repository 项进行安装
2. 下载下来的jar包的路径为/extras/android/m2repository
3. 新建一个android项目，编写一个简单的应用

4. 在build.gradle中配置依赖项：

   dependencies {
     androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.3'
     // Set this dependency to use JUnit 4 rules
     androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:rules:0.3'
     // Set this dependency to build and run Espresso tests
     androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2'
     // Set this dependency to build and run UI Automator tests
     androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.uiautomator:uiautomator-v18:2.1.1'
   }

   设置AndroidJunitRunner为默认的testInstrumentationRunner

   android {
       defaultConfig {
           testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
       }
   }

   下来就编写属于你自己的测试代码了，在androidTest目录下面新建测试类

/**
 * Created by cvtpc on 2015/9/14.
 */
public class LoginTest extends InstrumentationTestCase {

    protected UiDevice device = null;
    protected String appName = "magicCard";

    public void runApp(String appName) throws UiObjectNotFoundException, RemoteException {
        device = UiDevice.getInstance(getInstrumentation());
        device.pressHome();
        device.waitForWindowUpdate("", 2000);

        UiObject2 allAppsButton = device.findObject(By.desc("Apps"));
        allAppsButton.click();
        device.waitForWindowUpdate("", 2000);

        UiScrollable appViews = new UiScrollable(new UiSelector().scrollable(true));
        appViews.setAsHorizontalList();

        UiObject settingsApp = appViews.getChildByText(new UiSelector().className(TextView.class.getName()), appName);
        settingsApp.clickAndWaitForNewWindow();

        assertTrue("Unable to detect app", settingsApp != null);
    }

    @Override
    public void setUp() throws RemoteException, UiObjectNotFoundException {
        this.runApp(appName);
    }

    @Override
    public void tearDown() throws RemoteException, UiObjectNotFoundException {
        //Empty for the moment
    }

    public void testUS1() {
        UiObject2 usernameLabel = device.findObject(By.clazz(TextView.class.getName()).text("Username"));
        assertTrue("Username label not found", usernameLabel != null);
    }
}

基于Instrument的方便一点就是不需要remote debug的方式进行调试。并且做参数化之类的也方便了很多。