环境描述：Redhat7.9 11.2.0.4 RAC 双节点
实验背景
群里有大佬在交流RAC中1个节点操作系统坏了如何修复，故有了该实验。
在正常的生产环境当中，有时候会遇到主机磁盘以及其他硬件故障导致主机OS系统无法启动，或者OS系统本身故障无法修复的情况。这时候除了重装OS系统也没别的办法，但是重装后改如何加入原有的RAC集群呢。具体步骤如下：
1、 清理失败节点信息
2、 配置重装系统相关信息
3、 将重装系统重新加入到RAC中
注意：官方文档上的删除、添加节点的操作步骤和这里的重新配置还是有点区别的。
服务器信息
| 主机名 | OS | Public IP | VIP | Private IP | 实例 | 版本 |
| rac1 | rhel7.6 | 192.168.40.200 | 192.168.40.202 | 192.168.183.200 | topnet01 | 11.2.0.4 |
| rac2 | rhel7.6 | 192.168.40.201 | 192.168.40.203 | 192.168.183.201 | topnet02 | 11.2.0.4 |
查看版本命令：
su - oracle
sqlplus -V 模拟OS故障
为了节省时间，采用将节点2的GI和DB软件删除来模拟一个重装后的全新OS系统。
集群状态
[root@orcl01:/root]$ su - grid
[grid@orcl01:/home/grid]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ARCH.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.DATA.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.OCR.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01 Started
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02 Started
ora.gsd
OFFLINE OFFLINE orcl01
OFFLINE OFFLINE orcl02
ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.oc4j
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.orcl01.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.orcl02.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.topnet.db
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01 Open
2 ONLINE ONLINE orcl02 Open卸载节点2的GI和DB
[root@orcl02:/root]$ rm -rf /etc/oracle
[root@orcl02:/root]$ rm -rf /etc/ora*
[root@orcl02:/root]$ rm -rf /u01
[root@orcl02:/root]$ rm -rf /tmp/CVU*
[root@orcl02:/root]$ rm -rf /tmp/.oracle
[root@orcl02:/root]$ rm -rf /var/tmp/.oracle
[root@orcl02:/root]$ rm -f /etc/init.d/init.ohasd
[root@orcl02:/root]$ rm -f /etc/systemd/system/oracle-ohasd.service
[root@orcl02:/root]$ rm -rf /etc/init.d/ohasd重启节点2的OS
reboot再次确认集群状态
[grid@orcl01:/home/grid]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ARCH.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.DATA.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.OCR.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01 Started
ora.gsd
OFFLINE OFFLINE orcl01
ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.oc4j
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.orcl01.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.orcl02.vip
1 ONLINE INTERMEDIATE orcl01 FAILED OVER
ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.topnet.db
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01 Open
2 ONLINE OFFLINE确认节点2环境
[root@orcl02:/root]$ cd /
[root@orcl02:/]$ ll
total 36
drwxr-xr-x. 3 oracle oinstall 58 Mar 30 09:17 backup
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Aug 18 2023 bin -> usr/bin
dr-xr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Aug 18 2023 boot
drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 3480 Aug 16 13:33 dev
drwxr-xr-x. 83 root root 8192 Aug 16 13:16 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 32 Aug 18 2023 home
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Aug 18 2023 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Aug 18 2023 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 media
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 mnt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 22 Aug 18 2023 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 161 root root 0 Aug 16 13:33 proc
dr-xr-x---. 3 root root 4096 Aug 18 2023 root
drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 840 Aug 16 13:33 run
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 8 Aug 18 2023 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 30 08:24 soft
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 srv
-rw-------. 1 root root 0 Aug 18 2023 swapfile
dr-xr-xr-x 13 root root 0 Aug 16 13:33 sys
drwxrwxrwt. 16 root root 4096 Aug 16 13:33 tmp
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Aug 18 2023 usr
drwxr-xr-x. 19 root root 4096 Dec 31 2023 var
[root@orcl02:/]$ ps -ef | grep grid
root 2500 1466 0 13:53 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto grid
[root@orcl02:/]$ ps -ef | grep asm
root 2505 1466 0 13:53 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto asm
[root@orcl02:/]$ ps -ef | grep oracle
root 2512 1466 0 13:53 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto oracle扩展：生产环境
节点2要求：
- 公网、私网ip必须和原来保持一致
- 重做后的操作系统目录和原来保持一致
- 内存 、CPU配置不低于原来配置
节点2 Linux服务器配置
时区设置
根据客户标准设置 OS 时区，国内通常为东八区"Asia/Shanghai".
在安装 GRID 之前，一定要先修改好 OS 时区，否则 GRID 将引用一个错误的 OS 时区，导致 DB 的时区，监听的时区等不正确。
[root@orcl02:/root]$ timedatectl status
Local time: Sat 2024-08-17 07:48:47 CST
Universal time: Fri 2024-08-16 23:48:47 UTC
RTC time: Fri 2024-08-16 23:48:46
Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
NTP enabled: yes
NTP synchronized: no
RTC in local TZ: no
DST active: n/a修改OS时区：
timedatectl set-timezone "Asia/Shanghai"检查ip地址是否和原来一样
依据节点1的/etc/hosts文件获取节点2的网卡ip。确保节点2是2块网卡，保证节点2的公网和私网ip和原来一样
ip addr配置主机名
依据节点1的/etc/hosts文件获取节点2的主机名。
hostnamectl set-hostname orcl02
exec bashhosts文件配置
依据节点1的/etc/hosts文件向节点2的/etc/hosts文件中增加如下内容：
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
## OracleBegin
## RAC1 IP's: orcl01
## RAC1 Public IP
192.168.40.200 orcl01
## RAC1 Virtual IP
192.168.40.202 orcl01-vip
## RAC1 Private IP
192.168.183.200 orcl01-priv
## RAC2 IP's: orcl02
## RAC2 Public IP
192.168.40.201 orcl02
## RAC2 Virtual IP
192.168.40.203 orcl02-vip
## RAC2 Private IP
192.168.183.201 orcl02-priv
## SCAN IP
192.168.40.205 orcl-scan
EOF配置语言环境
echo "export LANG=en_US" >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile创建用户、组、目录
--节点1上查询grid用户和oracle用户信息，节点2上的uid和gid尽量和节点1保持一致
id grid
id oracle
--节点2上创建grid和oracle用户
--创建用户、组
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54322 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54323 oper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 60001 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dba grid
echo grid | passwd --stdin grid
echo oracle | passwd --stdin oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
chmod -R 775 /u01配置yum软件安装环境及软件包安装
#配置本地yum源
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
mkdir bk
mv *.repo bk/
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos7.repo << "EOF"
[local]
name=Centos7
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
EOF
cat /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos7.repo
#安装所需的软件
yum -y install autoconf
yum -y install automake
yum -y install binutils
yum -y install binutils-devel
yum -y install bison
yum -y install cpp
yum -y install dos2unix
yum -y install gcc
yum -y install gcc-c++
yum -y install lrzsz
yum -y install python-devel
yum -y install compat-db*
yum -y install compat-gcc-34
yum -y install compat-gcc-34-c++
yum -y install compat-libcap1
yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33
yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33.i686
yum -y install glibc-*
yum -y install glibc-*.i686
yum -y install libXpm-*.i686
yum -y install libXp.so.6
yum -y install libXt.so.6
yum -y install libXtst.so.6
yum -y install libXext
yum -y install libXext.i686
yum -y install libXtst
yum -y install libXtst.i686
yum -y install libX11
yum -y install libX11.i686
yum -y install libXau
yum -y install libXau.i686
yum -y install libxcb
yum -y install libxcb.i686
yum -y install libXi
yum -y install libXi.i686
yum -y install libXtst
yum -y install libstdc++-docs
yum -y install libgcc_s.so.1
yum -y install libstdc++.i686
yum -y install libstdc++-devel
yum -y install libstdc++-devel.i686
yum -y install libaio
yum -y install libaio.i686
yum -y install libaio-devel
yum -y install libaio-devel.i686
yum -y install libXp
yum -y install libaio-devel
yum -y install numactl
yum -y install numactl-devel
yum -y install make
yum -y install sysstat
yum -y install unixODBC
yum -y install unixODBC-devel
yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97
yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel
yum -y install redhat-lsb-core
yum -y install unzip
yum -y install *vnc*
yum install perl-Env
# 安装Linux图像界面
yum groupinstall -y "X Window System"
yum groupinstall -y "GNOME Desktop" "Graphical Administration Tools"
#检查包的安装情况
rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' 安装依赖包
rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
如果提示和ksh冲突执行如下操作先卸载ksh然后再安装pdksh依赖包
rpm -evh ksh-20120801-139.el7.x86_64
rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5.x86_64.rpm修改系统相关参数
修改系统资源限制参数
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
#ORACLE SETTING
grid soft nproc 16384
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 65536
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 32768
grid hard stack 32768
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 65536
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 32768
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle hard memlock 2000000
oracle soft memlock 2000000
ulimit -a
# nproc 操作系统对用户创建进程数的限制
# nofile 文件描述符 一个文件同时打开的会话数 也就是一个进程能够打开多少个文件
# memlock 内存锁，给oracle用户使用的最大内存，单位是KB
当前环境的物理内存为4G（grid 1g，操作系统 1g，我们给oracle留2g），memlock<物理内存
修改nproc参数
echo "* - nproc 16384" > /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf控制给用户分配的资源
echo "session required pam_limits.so" >> /etc/pam.d/login
cat /etc/pam.d/login修改内核参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
#ORACLE SETTING
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
vm.nr_hugepages = 868
kernel.shmmax = 1610612736
kernel.shmall = 393216
kernel.shmmni = 4096
sysctl -p
参数说明：
--kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
程序出问题，是否继续
--vm.nr_hugepages = 1000
大内存页，物理内存超过8g，必设
经验值：sga_max_size/2m+(100~500)=1536/2m+100=868
>sga_max_size
--kernel.shmmax = 1610612736
定义单个共享内存段的最大值，一定要存放下整个SGA，>SGA
SGA+PGA <物理内存的80%
SGA_max<物理内存的80%的80%
PGA_max<物理内存的80%的20%
kernel.shmall = 393216
--控制共享内存的页数 =kernel.shmmax/PAGESIZE
getconf PAGESIZE --获取内存页大小 4096
kernel.shmmni = 4096
--共享内存段的数量，一个实例就是一个内存共享段
--物理内存（KB）
os_memory_total=$(awk '/MemTotal/{print $2}' /proc/meminfo)
--获取系统页面大小，用于计算内存总量
pagesize=$(getconf PAGE_SIZE)
min_free_kbytes = $os_memory_total / 250
shmall = ($os_memory_total - 1) * 1024 / $pagesize
shmmax = $os_memory_total * 1024 - 1
# 如果 shmall 小于 2097152，则将其设为 2097152
(($shmall < 2097152)) && shmall=2097152
# 如果 shmmax 小于 4294967295，则将其设为 4294967295
(($shmmax < 4294967295)) && shmmax=4294967295关闭透明页
cat /proc/meminfo
cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
[always] madvise never
cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
[always] madvise never
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
fi
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
fi
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
关闭numa功能
numactl --hardware
vim /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet numa=off"
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
#vi /boot/grub/grub.conf
#kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-128.1.16.0.1.el5 root=LABEL=DBSYS ro bootarea=dbsys rhgb quiet console=ttyS0,115200n8 console=tty1 crashkernel=128M@16M numa=off
设置字符界面启动操作系统
systemctl set-default multi-user.target共享内存段
[root@racdb01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 93G 1.9G 91G 2% /
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
#/dev/shm 默认是操作系统物理内存的一半，我们设置大一点
echo "tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=3072m 0 0" >>/etc/fstab
mount -o remount /dev/shm
[root@racdb01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 93G 2.3G 91G 3% /
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.0G 0 3.0G 0% /dev/shm
检查或配置交换空间
若swap>=2G，跳过该步骤，
若swap=0，则执行以下操作
# 创建指定大小的空文件 /swapfile，并将其格式化为交换分区
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=2G count=1
# 设置文件权限为 0600
chmod 600 /swapfile
# 格式化文件为 Swap 分区
mkswap /swapfile
# 启用 Swap 分区
swapon /swapfile
# 将 Swap 分区信息添加到 /etc/fstab 文件中，以便系统重启后自动加载
echo "/swapfile none swap sw 0 0" >>/etc/fstab
mount -a
--查看内存 已经有swap了
[root@racdb03 tmp]# free -g
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3 1 1 0 0 1
Swap: 3 0 3
配置安全
#1、禁用SELINUX
sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
#2、关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld禁用NTP
--停止NTP服务
systemctl stop ntpd
systemctl disable ntpd
--删除配置文件
mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf_bak_20240521
--设置时间三台主机的时间要一样，如果一样就不用再设置
date -s 'Sat Aug 26 23:18:15 CST 2023'禁用DNS
因为测试环境，没有使用DNS，删除resolv.conf文件即可。或者直接忽略该失败
mv /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf_bak配置grid/oracle 用户环境变量
grid用户
vi /home/grid/.bash_profile 增加如下内容：
# OracleBegin
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
alias sas='sqlplus / as sysasm'
export PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$ '
alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
alias asmcmd='rlwrap asmcmd'
alias adrci='rlwrap adrci'oracle用户
vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile 增加如下内容：
# OracleBegin
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_SID=topnet1
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin:$PATH
export PERL5LIB=$ORACLE_HOME/perl/lib
alias sas='sqlplus / as sysdba'
alias awr='sqlplus / as sysdba @?/rdbms/admin/awrrpt'
alias ash='sqlplus / as sysdba @?/rdbms/admin/ashrpt'
alias alert='vi $ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/*/$ORACLE_SID/trace/alert_$ORACLE_SID.log'
export PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$ '
alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
alias rman='rlwrap rman'
alias adrci='rlwrap adrci'配置SSH信任关系
#下载脚本
wget https://gitcode.net/myneth/tools/-/raw/master/tool/ssh.sh
chmod +x ssh.sh
#执行互信
./ssh.sh -user grid -hosts "orcl01 orcl02" -advanced -exverify -confirm
./ssh.sh -user oracle -hosts "orcl01 orcl02" -advanced -exverify -confirm
chmod 600 /home/grid/.ssh/config
chmod 600 /home/oracle/.ssh/config
#检查互信
su - grid
for i in orcl{01,02};do
ssh $i hostname
done
su - oracle
for i in orcl{01,02};do
ssh $i hostname
done实验过程
划重点：节点在加入集群之前，服务器的配置必须与安装RAC时的环境配置相同，不然会出现各种报错。
显示集群节点列表
--显示集群节点列表
su - grid
olsnodes 输出如下：
--显示集群节点列表
[grid@orcl01:/home/grid]$ olsnodes
orcl01
orcl02清除重装主机的OCR条目
--清除重装主机的OCR条目
su - root
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl delete node -n orcl02
参数说明：
-n 实例节点名,即主机名
--显示集群节点列表 在尚存执行即可 olsnodes ，重装的主机不应该出现在它列出的清单里
su - grid
olsnodes输出如下：
--清除重装主机的OCR条目
[root@orcl01:/root]$ /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl delete node -n orcl02
CRS-4661: Node orcl02 successfully deleted.
参数说明：
-n 实例节点名,即主机名
--显示集群节点列表
[root@orcl01:/root]$ su - grid
[grid@orcl01:/home/grid]$ olsnodes
orcl01从OCR中删除重装主机的VIP信息
清除节点2的VIP后，最好重启网络服务，否则操作系统层IP地址不会释放，可采用重启清除节点2操作。在生产环境中由于重启网络服务会影响业务，这里可以使用重启监听的方式释放VIP和SCAN_IP
su - root
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl remove vip -i orcl02 -v -f
参数说明：
-i 实例节点名,即主机名输出如下：
[root@orcl01:/root]$ /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/srvctl remove vip -i orcl02 -v -f
Successfully removed VIP orcl02.清除重装主机的GI和DB home的inventory信息
清除GI的Inventory
对应的是/u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml
su - grid
cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin
./runInstaller -updateNodeList ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME CLUSTER_NODES=orcl01 -silent -local
--参数说明
CLUSTER_NODES：主机名 写尚存节点的主机名输出如下：
[grid@orcl01:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/oui/bin]$ ./runInstaller -updateNodeList ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME CLUSTER_NODES=orcl01 -silent -local
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 2047 MB Passed
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
The inventory is located at /u01/app/oraInventory
'UpdateNodeList' was successful.清除DB的Inventory
对应的是/u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml
su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin
./runInstaller -updateNodeList ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME CLUSTER_NODES=orcl01 -silent -local
--参数说明
CLUSTER_NODES：主机名 写尚存节点的主机名输出如下：
[oracle@orcl01:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/oui/bin]$ ./runInstaller -updateNodeList ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME CLUSTER_NODES=orcl01 -silent -local
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 2047 MB Passed
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
The inventory is located at /u01/app/oraInventory
'UpdateNodeList' was successful.查看Inventory配置文件
只显示orcl01的信息了，orcl02的信息已不显示。
[grid@orcl01:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/oui/bin]$ cat /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?>
<!-- Copyright (c) 1999, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
All rights reserved. -->
<!-- Do not modify the contents of this file by hand. -->
<INVENTORY>
<VERSION_INFO>
<SAVED_WITH>11.2.0.4.0</SAVED_WITH>
<MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER>
</VERSION_INFO>
<HOME_LIST>
<HOME NAME="Ora11g_gridinfrahome1" LOC="/u01/app/11.2.0/grid" TYPE="O" IDX="1" CRS="true">
<NODE_LIST>
<NODE NAME="orcl01"/>
</NODE_LIST>
</HOME>
<HOME NAME="OraDb11g_home1" LOC="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db" TYPE="O" IDX="2">
<NODE_LIST>
<NODE NAME="orcl01"/>
</NODE_LIST>
</HOME>
<HOME NAME="OraHome1" LOC="/ogg213_Micro/ogg213_soft" TYPE="O" IDX="3"/>
</HOME_LIST>
<COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</INVENTORY>CVU检查
su - grid
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/./cluvfy stage -pre nodeadd -n orcl02 -verbose查看校验信息，个别failed的可以忽略，比如resolv.conf等解析文件配置
在节点1上执行AddNode.sh增加GI节点
节点2上必须创建grid、oracle根和安装目录及存储库目录，权限也要正确，不然addnode的过程中会提示目录不存在或创建目录失败。
su - grid
cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin
--忽略之前的校验失败选项
--增加节点
export IGNORE_PREADDNODE_CHECKS=Y
./addNode.sh -silent "CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={orcl02}" "CLUSTER_NEW_VIRTUAL_HOSTNAMES={orcl02-vip}"
参数说明：
$ORACLE_HOME 即$GRID_HOME
CLUSTER_NEW_VIRTUAL_HOSTNAMES 参数值从幸存节点/etc/hosts中获取或者
olsnodes -n -i 获取vip名称若不设置IGNORE_PREADDNODE_CHECKS=Y 忽略之前的校验失败选项，会有如下报错：
忽略之前的校验失败选项，addnode成功，如下：
Instantiating scripts for add node (Saturday, August 17, 2024 8:31:47 AM CST)
. 1% Done.
Instantiation of add node scripts complete
Copying to remote nodes (Saturday, August 17, 2024 8:31:50 AM CST)
............................................................................................... 96% Done.
Home copied to new nodes
Saving inventory on nodes (Saturday, August 17, 2024 8:33:11 AM CST)
. 100% Done.
Save inventory complete
WARNING:A new inventory has been created on one or more nodes in this session. However, it has not yet been registered as the central inventory of this system.
To register the new inventory please run the script at '/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh' with root privileges on nodes 'orcl02'.
If you do not register the inventory, you may not be able to update or patch the products you installed.
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user in each new cluster node. Each script in the list below is followed by a list of nodes.
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh #On nodes orcl02
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh #On nodes orcl02
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window
2. Log in as "root"
3. Run the scripts in each cluster node
The Cluster Node Addition of /u01/app/11.2.0/grid was successful.
Please check '/tmp/silentInstall.log' for more details.节点2运行脚本启动CRS
启动CRS
su - root
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.shCRS启动日志位置：/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/install/
检查集群状态
su - grid
crsctl stat res -t输出如下：
[grid@orcl02:/home/grid]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ARCH.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.DATA.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.OCR.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01 Started
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02 Started
ora.gsd
OFFLINE OFFLINE orcl01
OFFLINE OFFLINE orcl02
ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.oc4j
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.orcl01.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.orcl02.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.topnet.db
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01 Open
2 ONLINE OFFLINE在节点1上执行AddNode.sh增加DB节点
AddNode.sh增加DB节点
su - oracle
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/oui/bin/addNode.sh -silent "CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={orcl02}"
参数说明：
CLUSTER_NEW_NODES 参数值从幸存节点/etc/hosts中获取或者olsnodes -n 显示节点编号和节点名称输出如下：
Instantiating scripts for add node (Sunday, August 18, 2024 6:27:06 AM CST)
. 1% Done.
Instantiation of add node scripts complete
Copying to remote nodes (Sunday, August 18, 2024 6:27:09 AM CST)
............................................................................................... 96% Done.
Home copied to new nodes
Saving inventory on nodes (Sunday, August 18, 2024 6:29:18 AM CST)
. 100% Done.
Save inventory complete
WARNING:
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user in each new cluster node. Each script in the list below is followed by a list of nodes.
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/root.sh #On nodes orcl02
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window
2. Log in as "root"
3. Run the scripts in each cluster node
The Cluster Node Addition of /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db was successful.
Please check '/tmp/silentInstall.log' for more details.执行root.sh脚本
节点2 ，即需要加入的节点在root用户下执行root.sh脚本
su - root
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/root.sh输出如下：
[root@orcl02:/root]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/root.sh
Check /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/install/root_orcl02_2024-08-18_06-37-25.log for the output of root script
[root@orcl02:/root]$ tail -300f /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/install/root_orcl02_2024-08-18_06-37-25.log
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.
Finished product-specific root actions.问题处理
--问题描述
节点2 执行root.sh脚本提示如下报错
[root@orcl02:/root]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/root.sh
Check /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/install/root_orcl02_2024-08-18_06-31-43.log for the output of root script
[root@orcl02:/root]$ tail -300f /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/install/root_orcl02_2024-08-18_06-31-43.log
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
/bin/chown: cannot access ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/nmhs’: No such file or directory
/bin/chmod: cannot access ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/nmhs’: No such file or directory
Finished product-specific root actions.
Finished product-specific root actions.
--解决办法
rhel7上的11g版本，这里提示的nmhs文件不存在，可以手工从1号节点拷贝，然后修改权限
节点1：
su - root
scp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/nmhs root@192.168.40.201:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/nmhs
节点2：
su - root
chown -R root:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/nmhs启动节点2实例
模拟故障时只清理了oraInventory信息，所以集群中节点2的实例信息、数据库都还保留，直接启动实例即可。
重命名参数文件
su - oracle
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs
mv inittopnet1.ora inittopnet2.ora重命名密码文件
su - oracle
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs
mv orapwtopnet1 orapwtopnet2启动节点2实例
su - grid
srvctl start database -d topnet查看集群状态
输出如下：
[root@orcl01:/root]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ARCH.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.DATA.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.OCR.dg
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01 Started
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02 Started
ora.gsd
OFFLINE OFFLINE orcl01
OFFLINE OFFLINE orcl02
ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.oc4j
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.orcl01.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01
ora.orcl02.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl02
ora.topnet.db
1 ONLINE ONLINE orcl01 Open
2 ONLINE ONLINE orcl02 Open重装节点成功加入集群
参考链接：【RAC】操作系统重装后RAC11g节点重置注意事项_ITPUB博客
主机os重装节点加回RAC集群_window rac重装节点-CSDN博客
Oracle RAC一节点系统重做问题_oracle rac 节点重装操作系统-CSDN博客
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