上一篇文章我们介绍了eureka服务注册中心的搭建,这篇文章介绍一下如何使用eureka服务注册中心,搭建一个简单的服务端注册服务,客户端去调用服务使用的案例。
案例中有三个角色:服务注册中心、服务提供者、服务消费者,流程是首先启动注册中心,服务提供者生产服务并注册到服务中心中,消费者从服务中心中获取服务并执行。
服务提供
我们假设服务提供者有一个hello方法,可以根据传入的参数,提供输出“hello xxx,this is first messge”的服务
1、pom包配置
创建一个springboot项目,pom.xml中添加如下配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.logistics</groupId>
<artifactId>hello</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>hello</name>
<description>服务端案例</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--web服务-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--eureka客户端-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、配置文件
application.properties配置如下:
spring.application.name=spring-cloud-producer
server.port=9000
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8000/eureka/
参数在上一篇都已经解释过,这里不多说。
3、启动类
启动类中添加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解
package com.logistics.hello;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class HelloApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(HelloApplication.class, args);
}
}
4、controller
提供hello服务
package com.logistics.hello.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String index(@RequestParam String name) {
return "hello "+name+",this is my messge";
}
}
添加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解后,项目就具有了服务注册的功能。启动工程后,就可以在注册中心的页面看到SPRING-CLOUD-PRODUCER服务。
到此服务提供者配置就完成了。
服务调用
1、pom包配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.logistics</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-consumer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>spring-cloud-consumer</name>
<description>服务调用端</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--web服务-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--Feign-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
<version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring Cloud 客户端-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、配置文件
application.properties配置如下:
spring.application.name=spring-cloud-consumer
server.port=10001
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8000/eureka/
ribbon.ReadTimeout=1000
ribbon.ConnectTimeout=1000
3、启动类
启动类添加@EnableDiscoveryClient和@EnableFeignClients注解。
package com.logistics.springcloudconsumer;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class SpringCloudConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
}
@EnableDiscoveryClient :启用服务注册与发现
@EnableFeignClients:启用feign进行远程调用
Feign是一个声明式Web Service客户端。使用Feign能让编写Web Service客户端更加简单, 它的使用方法是定义一个接口,然后在上面添加注解,同时也支持JAX-RS标准的注解。Feign也支持可拔插式的编码器和解码器。Spring Cloud对Feign进行了封装,使其支持了Spring MVC标准注解和HttpMessageConverters。Feign可以与Eureka和Ribbon组合使用以支持负载均衡。
4、feign调用实现
package com.logistics.springcloudconsumer.remote;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@FeignClient(name= "spring-cloud-producer")
public interface HelloRemote {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
public String hello(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}
name:远程服务名,及spring.application.name配置的名称
此类中的方法和远程服务中contoller中的方法名和参数需保持一致。
5、web层调用远程服务
将HelloRemote注入到controller层,像普通方法一样去调用即可。
package com.logistics.springcloudconsumer.controller;
import com.logistics.springcloudconsumer.remote.HelloRemote;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Resource
HelloRemote helloRemote;
@RequestMapping("/hello/{name}")
public String index(@PathVariable("name") String name) {
return helloRemote.hello(name);
}
}
到此,最简单的一个服务注册与调用的例子就完成了。
测试
简单调用
依次启动spring-cloud-eureka、spring-cloud-producer、spring-cloud-consumer三个项目
先输入:http://localhost:9000/hello?name=neo 检查spring-cloud-producer服务是否正常
返回:hello neo,this is first messge
说明spring-cloud-producer正常启动,提供的服务也正常。
浏览器中输入:http://localhost:10001/hello/neo
返回:hello neo,this is first messge
说明客户端已经成功的通过feign调用了远程服务hello,并且将结果返回到了浏览器。
资料参考
springcloud(三):服务提供与调用 https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/91243?spm=a2c4e.11155435.0.0.6a994ed3YTlL4q
eureka的Instances status列表显示ip https://breezylee.iteye.com/blog/2393447
spring cloud 调用feign请求超时 feign.RetryableException: Read timed out executing POST https://blog.csdn.net/sayoko06/article/details/81329415