笨办法学python第五天

练习17

# --coding:utf-8--
from sys import argv
from os.path import exists

script,from_file,to_file = argv #分别代表脚本名称，源文件名，目标文件名

print "Copying from %s to %s" %(from_file,to_file)

# we could do these two on one line too,how?
input = open(from_file) #将用户输入的文件赋给input变量
indata = input.read()   #读取文件内容

print "The input file is %d bytes long" %len(indata) #len()函数可以返回字符串的字节数

print "Does the output file exist?%r" %exists(to_file) #exists()函数可以判断该文件是否存在

print "Ready,hiit RETUTN to continue,CTRL-C to abort."
raw_input()

output = open(to_file,'w') #以写模式打开目标文件，赋给output变量
output.write(indata) #将数据写入目标文件
print "Alright,all done."
output.close()  #保存文件
input.close()   #保存文件

练习18

# --coding:utf-8--
# this one is like your sripts with argv

def print_two(*args): #定义了一个函数，可以打印两个参数
    arg1,arg2 = args
    print "arg1:%r,arg2:%r" %(arg1,arg2)

# ok,that *args is actually pointless,we can just do this
def print_two_again(arg1,arg2):
    print "arg1: %r,arg2:%r" %(arg1,arg2)

# this just takes one argument
def print_one(arg1):
    print "arg1: %r" % arg1

#this one takes no arguments
def print_none():
    print "I got nothing."


print_two("li","jia") #调用函数
print_two_again("wei","learn")
print_one("python")
print_none()

1.创建一个函数，首先使用def命令，也就是定义的意思

2.紧接着def后面的是函数的名称

3.接下来是参数列表，然后使用冒号结束本行，下一行开始需要使用缩进。

练习19

# --coding:utf-8--
# 在函数的参数列表里使用变量
def cheese_and_crackers(cheese_count,boxes_of_crackers):
    print "You have %d cheeses!" % cheese_count
    print "You have %d boxed of crackers!" % boxes_of_crackers
    print "Man that's enough for a party!"
    print "Get a blanket.\n"


print "We can just give the function numbers directly:"
cheese_and_crackers(20,30)

print "OR,we can use variables from our script:"
amount_of_cheese = 10
amount_of_crackers = 50

cheese_and_crackers(amount_of_cheese,amount_of_crackers)

print "We can even do math inside too:"
cheese_and_crackers(10+20,5+6)

print "And we can combine the two,variables and math:"
cheese_and_crackers(amount_of_cheese+100,amount_of_crackers+1000)

练习20

# --coding:utf-8--
from sys import argv
script,input_file = argv

def print_all(f): #打印文件内容，f是文件
    print f.read()

def rewind(f):  #seek函数暂时还没搞懂
    f.seek(0)

def print_a_line(line_count,f): #打印一行
    print line_count,f.readline()

current_file = open(input_file)

print "First let's print the whole file:\n"

print_all(current_file)

print "Now let's rewind,kind of like a tape."

rewind(current_file) #这句如果注释掉，后面就无法打印出每一句的内容

print "Let's print three lines:"

current_line = 1

print_a_line(current_line,current_file)

current_line = current_line + 1
print_a_line(current_line,current_file)