spring boot实战(第一篇)第一个案例

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-07 21:11:23 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-07 21:11:23 发布

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分类专栏： springboot 文章标签： Springboot spring java后台

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spring boot 博客内容规划

spring boot 基本用法
自动配置
技术集成
性能监控
源码解析

spring boot 功能强大，后面会细细道来。

第一个案例

工程的构建

构建spring boot工程一般采用两种方式 gradle 、maven;相对于maven的pom配置gradle 更加简单，有兴趣的同学可以去学习下gradle，这里采用maven。

创建一个maven工程，对应的pom.xml文件：

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

版本采用1.2.4,非官网最新版，但属于稳定版本

创建 Application.java

package com.lkl.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

运行main方法

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.2.4.RELEASE)

2015-08-25 22:53:35.484  INFO 554 --- [           main] com.lkl.springboot.Application       : Starting Application on mac.local with PID 554 (/Users/liaokailin/code/github/blog-springboot/target/classes started by lkl in /Users/liaokailin/code/github/blog-springboot)
2015-08-25 22:53:35.561  INFO 554 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@328908cd: startup date [Tue Aug 25 22:53:35 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
2015-08-25 22:53:36.395  INFO 554 --- [           main] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory     : Overriding bean definition for bean 'beanNameViewResolver': replacing [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration.class]] with [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.class]]
2015-08-25 22:53:37.404  INFO 554 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2015-08-25 22:53:37.796  INFO 554 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2015-08-25 22:53:37.798  INFO 554 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.0.23
2015-08-25 22:53:37.955  INFO 554 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2015-08-25 22:53:37.955  INFO 554 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2397 ms
2015-08-25 22:53:38.813  INFO 554 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.e.ServletRegistrationBean        : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]
2015-08-25 22:53:38.818  INFO 554 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
2015-08-25 22:53:38.819  INFO 554 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2015-08-25 22:53:39.075  INFO 554 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@328908cd: startup date [Tue Aug 25 22:53:35 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
2015-08-25 22:53:39.151  INFO 554 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],methods=[],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2015-08-25 22:53:39.151  INFO 554 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],methods=[],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[text/html],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2015-08-25 22:53:39.180  INFO 554 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2015-08-25 22:53:39.180  INFO 554 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2015-08-25 22:53:39.232  INFO 554 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2015-08-25 22:53:39.326  INFO 554 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2015-08-25 22:53:39.430  INFO 554 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)

spring boot已经启动，内嵌tomcat容器，监听为8080端口

就是这么简单，一个spring boot 的程序就创建了。

@SpringBootApplication 注解

SpringBootApplication注解源码如下：

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan
public @interface SpringBootApplication {

    /**
     * Exclude specific auto-configuration classes such that they will never be applied.
     * @return the classes to exclude
     */
    Class<?>[] exclude() default {};

}

@Configuration : 表示Application作为sprig配置文件存在 
@EnableAutoConfiguration: 启动spring boot内置的自动配置 
@ComponentScan : 扫描bean，路径为Application类所在package以及package下的子路径，这里为 com.lkl.springboot，在spring boot中bean都放置在该路径已经子路径下。

构建REST工程

上面的操作连个HelloWorld都没有出来，远远满不足我们的需求。

创建一个package：com.lkl.springboot.controller 保存controller

构建 HelloWorldController.java

package com.lkl.springboot.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/springboot")
public class HelloWorldController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{name}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String sayWorld(@PathVariable("name") String name) {
        return "Hello " + name;
    }
}

再次执行 Application 然后访问http://localhost:8080/springboot/Liaokailin

得到结果：
Hello Liaokailin