ImportError: _C.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so: undefined symbol: _ZN2at4_ops6narrow4callERKNS_6Ten

目录

一.问题描述        

二.解决方法

1.从源码编译

2.安装pytorch1.8.1需要的cuda11.1

3.升级为预编译Detectron2匹配的pytorch 1.10.0版本（推荐）

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一.问题描述        

        最近在使用Detectron2进行目标检测相关的工作，因为Ubuntu电脑上有之前cuda的安装包，偷了个懒，没有按照Detectron2、cuda、pytorch、python的对应关系：

        直接就使用该cuda（11.3）安装包进行cuda的安装，然后接着偷懒，发现Detectron2（最新的0.6）有已经有预编译的包（如果是自己从源码编译，大概率不会出现本文描述的错误，可以右上角关闭本文了），便直接使用pip进行Detectron2的安装：

python -m pip install detectron2 -f https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/detectron2/wheels/cu113/torch1.10/index.html

        pytorch直接就使用了之前装的1.8.1（忘了1.8.1基于11.1.1）：

WIN10安装Detectron2（0.1或0.4.1，基于Pytorch1.8.1、Cuda11.1.1）https://blog.csdn.net/qq_15969343/article/details/118417147?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502        装好之后，运行程序发生了如题的错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/code.py", line 91, in runcode
    exec(code, self.locals)
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_umd.py", line 198, in runfile
    pydev_imports.execfile(filename, global_vars, local_vars)  # execute the script
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_imps/_pydev_execfile.py", line 18, in execfile
    exec(compile(contents+"\n", file, 'exec'), glob, loc)
  File "/media/jayce/Disk/Code/Python/detectron2_test/predict_image_ubuntu.py", line 20, in <module>
    from detectron2.engine import DefaultPredictor
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_import_hook.py", line 21, in do_import
    module = self._system_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/detectron2/engine/__init__.py", line 11, in <module>
    from .hooks import *
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_import_hook.py", line 21, in do_import
    module = self._system_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/detectron2/engine/hooks.py", line 22, in <module>
    from detectron2.evaluation.testing import flatten_results_dict
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_import_hook.py", line 21, in do_import
    module = self._system_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/detectron2/evaluation/__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .cityscapes_evaluation import CityscapesInstanceEvaluator, CityscapesSemSegEvaluator
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_import_hook.py", line 21, in do_import
    module = self._system_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/detectron2/evaluation/cityscapes_evaluation.py", line 11, in <module>
    from detectron2.data import MetadataCatalog
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_import_hook.py", line 21, in do_import
    module = self._system_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/detectron2/data/__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from .build import (
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_import_hook.py", line 21, in do_import
    module = self._system_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/detectron2/data/build.py", line 13, in <module>
    from detectron2.structures import BoxMode
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_import_hook.py", line 21, in do_import
    module = self._system_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/detectron2/structures/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .image_list import ImageList
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_import_hook.py", line 21, in do_import
    module = self._system_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/detectron2/structures/image_list.py", line 8, in <module>
    from detectron2.layers.wrappers import shapes_to_tensor
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_import_hook.py", line 21, in do_import
    module = self._system_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/detectron2/layers/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .deform_conv import DeformConv, ModulatedDeformConv
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_import_hook.py", line 21, in do_import
    module = self._system_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/detectron2/layers/deform_conv.py", line 11, in <module>
    from detectron2 import _C
  File "/snap/pycharm-professional/278/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_import_hook.py", line 21, in do_import
    module = self._system_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
ImportError: /home/jayce/anaconda3/envs/detectron2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/detectron2/_C.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so: undefined symbol: _ZN2at4_ops6narrow4callERKNS_6TensorElll

        报错挺长，我们只需要关注最后一句并将其在Detectron2的github页面进行搜索，发现大部分产生undefined symbol: _ZN2at4_ops6narrow4callERKNS_6TensorElll的原因都是因为pytorch、cuda、Detectron2的版本不匹配导致：

         那么知道问题该如何解决呢？

二.解决方法

1.从源码编译

        Ubuntu用户相对简单，满足下述条件，一步一步来就行了：

 Windows用户不怕折腾的同学可以参考我之前的博客：

WIN10安装Detectron2（0.1或0.4.1，基于Pytorch1.8.1、Cuda11.1.1）https://blog.csdn.net/qq_15969343/article/details/118417147?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502

2.安装pytorch1.8.1需要的cuda11.1

        安装cuda的教程太多了，随便搜一个就行，注意版本要装cuda11.1即可。

3.升级为预编译Detectron2匹配的pytorch 1.10.0版本（推荐）

        自己从源码编译显然太麻烦了，安装cuda也麻烦，咱们还是升级pytorch吧，可是打开官网却发现没有1.10.0的下载链接：

历史版本是从1.9.0开始的，也没有1.10.0：

那可咋办？直接在torch仓库（https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu113/torch_stable.html），找0.10.0的安装包呗：

然后选择对应的python（我这边是python3.6.3）版本下载进行离线安装,或者使用pip进行在线安装即可：

pip3 install torch==1.10.0+cu113 torchvision==0.11.1+cu113 torchaudio==0.10.0+cu113 -f https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu113/torch_stable.html

装完之后，再次运行，成功输出结果：