玩转java多线程学习篇四 Thread类的常用API之currentThread,isAlive,sleep,interrupt,isInterrupted,stop

前言

该篇中主要学习Thread类的常用API，currentThread,isAlive,sleep,interrupt,isInterrupted,stop,suspend,resume,yieId,join,wait,notify,notifyAll,start等方法的使用以及详解。

1：currentThread（） 返回正在被调用的线程信息。

public class threadTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
		Runnable myRunnable  =new MyRunnable();
		Thread thread = new Thread(myRunnable);
		thread.start();
	}
}

public class MyRunnable  implements Runnable{
	@Override
	public void run() {
		System.out.println("Runnable:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
	}
}

运行结果：main    Runnable:Thread-0

2：isAlive（） 判断当前线程是否处于活动状态，返回boolean

public class threadTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+",begin:"+Thread.currentThread().isAlive());
		Runnable myRunnable  =new MyRunnable();
		Thread thread = new Thread(myRunnable);
		System.out.println(thread.getName()+",begin:"+thread.isAlive());
		thread.start();
		System.out.println(thread.getName()+",end:"+thread.isAlive());
	}
}

public class MyRunnable  implements Runnable{
	@Override
	public void run() {
		System.out.println("Runnable:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+",isAlive:"+Thread.currentThread().isAlive());
	}
}

运行结果：main,begin:true
Thread-0,begin:false
Thread-0,end:true
Runnable:Thread-0,isAlive:true

Thread-0,end打印true是因为MyRunnable线程还没有执行完毕，main线程就已经执行System.out.println(thread.getName()+",end:"+thread.isAlive());这段代码了

如果把他换成如下代码

public class threadTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+",begin:"+Thread.currentThread().isAlive());
		Runnable myRunnable  =new MyRunnable();
		Thread thread = new Thread(myRunnable);
		System.out.println(thread.getName()+",begin:"+thread.isAlive());
		thread.start();
		Thread.sleep(1000);//睡眠1秒
		System.out.println(thread.getName()+",end:"+thread.isAlive());
	}
}

运行结果：main,begin:true
Thread-0,begin:false
Runnable:Thread-0,isAlive:true
Thread-0,end:false

3：sleep（）当前线程(正在执行的线程)指定的毫秒数内暂停执行

public class threadTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		System.out.println("begin........");
		Runnable myRunnable  =new MyRunnable();
		Thread thread = new Thread(myRunnable);
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
		thread.start();
		Thread.currentThread().sleep(1000);
		System.out.println("end........");
	}
}

public class MyRunnable  implements Runnable{
	@Override
	public void run() {
		System.out.println("Runnable:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
	}
}

运行结果 
begin........
main
Runnable:Thread-0
end........

4：getId（）线程的唯一标识

public class threadTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		System.out.println("begin........");
		Runnable myRunnable  =new MyRunnable();
		Thread myRunnableThread = new Thread(myRunnable);
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+Thread.currentThread().getId());
		myRunnableThread.start();
		MyThread myThread = new MyThread();
		myThread.sleep(1000);
		myThread.run();
		Thread.currentThread().sleep(1000);
		System.out.println("end........");
	}
}

public class MyThread  extends Thread{
	@Override
	public void run() {
		super.run();
		System.out.println("MyThread:"+Thread.currentThread().getId());
	}
}

public class MyRunnable  implements Runnable{
	@Override
	public void run() {
		System.out.println("Runnable:"+Thread.currentThread().getId());
	}
}

运行结果 
begin........
main:1
Runnable:9
MyThread:1
end........

5：yiedld()放弃当前cpu资源，将它让给其他任务去占用cpu执行时间，放弃时间不确定，有可能刚刚放弃马上就获取cpu时间片

public class threadTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		System.out.println("begin........");
		MyThread myThread = new MyThread();
		myThread.start();
		Thread.sleep(1000);
		System.out.println("end........");
	}
}

public class MyThread  extends Thread{
	@Override
	public void run() {
		long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		int count = 0;
		for(int i=0; i<800000; i++){
			count = count + (i + 1);
		}
		long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("用时:“"+(endTime-beginTime)+"”,毫秒");
	}
}

运行结果：begin........
用时:“0”,毫秒
end........

public class MyThread  extends Thread{
	@Override
	public void run() {
		long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		int count = 0;
		for(int i=0; i<800000; i++){
			Thread.yield();
			count = count + (i + 1);
		}
		long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("用时:“"+(endTime-beginTime)+"”,毫秒");
	}
}

运行结果
begin........
用时:“141”,毫秒
end........

6：停止线程

在java中有3种方式停止正在运行的线程

（1）使用退出标志，使线程正常退出，也就是run方法执行完成后

（2）使用stop（）方法强行终止线程，不推荐

（3）使用interrupt（）方法中断线程，interrupt（）方法仅仅是在当前线程中打了一个停止的标记，并不是真正的停止线程

使用interrupt（）方法中断线程时，先了解如何判断线程状态是否停止，Thread类中提供了两种方法，

（1）this.interrupted（）：测试当前线程是否已经中断，执行后具有将状态标志置清除为false的功能。

（2）this.isInterrupted（）：测试线程是否已经中断，不清除状态标志。

public class threadTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		System.out.println("begin........");
		MyThread myThread = new MyThread();
		myThread.start();
		Thread.sleep(1000);
		//Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
		myThread.interrupt();
		System.out.println("myThread:"+myThread.interrupted());
		System.out.println("myThread:"+myThread.interrupted());
		//System.out.println("main:"+Thread.currentThread().interrupted());
		//System.out.println("main:"+Thread.currentThread().interrupted());
		System.out.println("end........");
	}
}

public class MyThread  extends Thread{
	@Override
	public void run() {
		long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		int count = 0;
		for(int i=0; i<800000; i++){
			Thread.yield();
			count = count + (i + 1);
		}
		long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("用时:“"+(endTime-beginTime)+"”,毫秒");
	}
}

运行结果
begin........
用时:“157”,毫秒
myThread:false
myThread:false
end........

例2

public class threadTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		System.out.println("begin........");
		MyThread myThread = new MyThread();
		myThread.start();
		//Thread.sleep(1000);
		Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
		System.out.println("main:"+Thread.currentThread().interrupted());
		System.out.println("main:"+Thread.currentThread().interrupted());
		System.out.println("end........");
	}
}
public class MyThread  extends Thread{
	@Override
	public void run() {
		long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		int count = 0;
		for(int i=0; i<800000; i++){
			Thread.yield();
			count = count + (i + 1);
		}
		long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
		System.out.println("myThread:"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
		System.out.println("myThread:"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
		System.out.println("用时:“"+(endTime-beginTime)+"”,毫秒");
	}
}

运行结果

begin........
main:true
main:false
end........
myThread:true
myThread:true
用时:“129”,毫秒


interrupted()的确判断出当前线程是否停止状态，但是为什么第一个interrupted判断为true第二个interrupted判断为false呢？
如果连续两次调用该方法，则第二次调用将返回false（在第一次调用已清除了其中断状态之后，且第二次调用检验完中断状态前，当前线程再次中断的情况除外）


（1）异常法停止线程：

public class threadTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("begin........");
		try {
			MyThread myThread = new MyThread();
			myThread.start();
			myThread.interrupt();
			Thread.sleep(5000);
			Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
			if(Thread.currentThread().interrupted()){
				System.out.println("main:已经停止状态");
				throw new InterruptedException();
			}
			System.out.println("main1:"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			System.out.println("main2:"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println("end........");
	}
}
public class MyThread  extends Thread{
	@Override
	public void run() {
		try {
			for(int i=0; i<10; i++){
				if(Thread.currentThread().interrupted()){
					System.out.println("已经停止状态");
					throw new InterruptedException();
				}
				System.out.println("i="+i);
			}
			System.out.println("myThread:"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			System.out.println("exception");
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

运行结果： 
begin........
已经停止状态
exception
java.lang.InterruptedException
at com.suicai.util.MyThread.run(MyThread.java:10)
main:已经停止状态java.lang.InterruptedException
at com.suicai.util.threadTest.main(threadTest.java:16)
main2:false
end........


（2）沉睡中停止线程

public class threadTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("begin........");
		try {
			MyThread myThread = new MyThread();
			myThread.start();
			myThread.interrupt();
			Thread.sleep(5000);
			Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
			if(Thread.currentThread().interrupted()){
				System.out.println("main:已经停止状态");
				throw new InterruptedException();
			}
			System.out.println("main1:"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			System.out.println("main2:"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println("end........");
	}
}
public class MyThread  extends Thread{
	@Override
	public void run() {
		try {
			System.out.println("开始.............");
			Thread.currentThread().sleep(20000);
			System.out.println("myThread:"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
			System.out.println("结束.............");
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			System.out.println("exception");
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

运行结果
begin........
开始.............
exception
java.lang.InterruptedException: sleep interrupted
at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
at com.suicai.util.MyThread.run(MyThread.java:8)
main:已经停止状态java.lang.InterruptedException
at com.suicai.util.threadTest.main(threadTest.java:16)




main2:false
end........


（3）使用stop()方法暴力停止线程

public class threadTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("begin........");
		try {
			MyThread myThread = new MyThread();
			myThread.start();
			Thread.sleep(5000);
			Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
			myThread.stop();
			if(Thread.currentThread().interrupted()){
				System.out.println("main:已经停止状态");
				throw new InterruptedException();
			}
			System.out.println("main1:"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			System.out.println("main2:"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println("end........");
	}
}
public class MyThread  extends Thread{
	private int i =0;
	@Override
	public void run() {
		try {
			while (true) {
				i++;
				System.out.println("i="+i);
				Thread.sleep(10000);
			}
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			System.out.println("exception");
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

运行结果
begin........
i=1
main:已经停止状态
main2:false
java.lang.InterruptedException
end........
at com.suicai.util.threadTest.main(threadTest.java:16)