Python异步编程进阶：深入探索asyncio高级特性

异步上下文管理器 (async with)

异步上下文管理器允许你在异步环境中管理资源，比如数据库连接或文件操作。

基本实现

class AsyncDatabaseConnection:
    async def __aenter__(self):
        print("建立数据库连接")
        await asyncio.sleep(0.5)  # 模拟连接建立
        return self
    
    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc, tb):
        print("关闭数据库连接")
        await asyncio.sleep(0.3)  # 模拟连接关闭
    
    async def execute(self, query):
        print(f"执行查询: {query}")
        await asyncio.sleep(0.2)
        return f"{query}的结果"

async def main():
    async with AsyncDatabaseConnection() as db:
        result = await db.execute("SELECT * FROM users")
        print(result)

asyncio.run(main())

实际应用：异步文件操作

import aiofiles

async def async_file_ops():
    async with aiofiles.open('data.txt', mode='w') as f:
        await f.write('Hello, async world!')
    
    async with aiofiles.open('data.txt', mode='r') as f:
        content = await f.read()
        print(content)

异步生成器 (async for)

异步生成器允许你异步地生成和消费数据流。

创建异步生成器

async def async_data_stream(n):
    for i in range(n):
        await asyncio.sleep(0.5)  # 模拟异步数据获取
        yield i

async def consume_stream():
    async for item in async_data_stream(5):
        print(f"处理数据项: {item}")
        await asyncio.sleep(0.2)  # 模拟数据处理

实际应用：WebSocket消息处理

<