50道sql练习题

网上有个50道sql练习题，我做了很多遍，今天又做了一遍，前部分比较麻烦，后部分比较简单，但是如何把四张表的关联关系搞懂了，其实也不麻烦。现在和大家分享一下这个sql 50题。

首先，建表

create table Student(sid varchar(10),sname varchar(10),sage datetime,ssex nvarchar(10));
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');
create table Course(cid varchar(10),cname varchar(10),tid varchar(10));
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');
create table Teacher(tid varchar(10),tname varchar(10));
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');
create table SC(sid varchar(10),cid varchar(10),score decimal(18,1));
insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);

表结构如下：
–1.学生表
Student(SID,Sname,Sage,Ssex) --SID 学生编号,Sname 学生姓名,Sage 出生年月,Ssex 学生性别
–2.课程表
Course(CID,Cname,TID) --CID --课程编号,Cname 课程名称,TID 教师编号
–3.教师表
Teacher(TID,Tname) --TID 教师编号,Tname 教师姓名
–4.成绩表
SC(SID,CID,score) --SID 学生编号,CID 课程编号,score 分数

练习题如下

1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

select a.sid,c.* from (select sid,score from sc where cid='01') a,(select sid,score from sc where cid='02') b,student c
 where a.score>b.score and a.sid=b.sid

2、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数

select a.sid,c.* from (select sid,score from sc where cid='01') a,(SELECT sid,score from sc where cid='02') b,student c
 where a.score <b.score and a.sid=b.sid

3、查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

SELECT s.sname,avg(sc.score)  from student s,sc  where s.sid=sc.sid GROUP BY s.sid HAVING avg(sc.score)>60 

4、查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

SELECT s.sname,avg(sc.score)  from student s,sc  where s.sid=sc.sid GROUP BY s.sid HAVING avg(sc.score)<60 

5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩

select student.SID,sname,COUNT(CID),SUM(score) from student,sc where student.SID=sc.SID GROUP BY student.SID

6、查询"李"姓老师的数量

select count(1) from teacher t where t.tname LIKE '李%'

7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息
方法一：

 select s.*, t.tid,c.cid from teacher t,course c,sc,student s  where t.tname='张三' and t.tid=c.tid and c.cid=sc.cid 
 and sc.sid=s.sid 

方法二：

SELECT * from student where SID IN(
 SELECT SID FROM sc where CID=(  SELECT CID from course where TID =(  SELECT TID from teacher WHERE Tname ='张三'))) 

8、查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息

SELECT * from student where SID NOT IN(
 SELECT SID FROM sc where CID=(  SELECT CID from course where TID =(  SELECT TID from teacher WHERE Tname ='张三'))) 

9、查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

SELECT * FROM student where SID in (SELECT SID FROM sc where CID='01' or CID='02')

10、查询学过编号为"01"但是没有学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

SELECT * FROM student where SID in (SELECT SID FROM sc where CID='01' and CID !='02')

11、查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息

select s.* from student s,sc where s.sid=sc.sid group BY s.sid HAVING count(sc.cid)<(select COUNT(cid) from course)

14、查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
方法一：

select s.sname from student s WHERE s.sid not in (
select sc.sid from student s,sc,course c,teacher t where t.tname='张三' and t.tid=c.tid and c.cid=sc.cid)

方法二：

SELECT Sname from student where SID not in (SELECT SID FROM sc where CID in ( SELECT CID FROM course where TID in ( SELECT
TID FROM teacher where Tname ='张三')))

15、查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩

select s.sid,s.sname,avg(sc.score) from sc JOIN student s on sc.sid=s.sid where sc.score<60 
 GROUP BY s.sid HAVING COUNT(sc.score)>=2

16、检索"01"课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的学生信息
方法一：

select s.* from student s,sc where s.sid=sc.sid and sc.cid='01' and sc.score<60 GROUP BY s.sid order by sc.score desc

方法二：

SELECT * from student where SID in (SELECT SID from sc where CID='01' and  score <60 ORDER BY score desc)

17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩

 SELECT SID,avg(score) from sc GROUP BY SID ORDER BY avg(score) desc

18、查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，课程name，最高分，最低分，平均分，及格率，中等率，优良率，优秀率
–及格为>=60，中等为：70-80，优良为：80-90，优秀为：>=90

SELECT sc.CID,Cname,MAX(score),min(score),avg(score),sum(case when sc.score between 0 and 60 then 1 else 0)/count(1)
 FROM sc JOIN course on sc.CID=course.CID GROUP BY sc.CID

21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示

SELECT avg(sc.score) result from course c,sc,teacher t where t.tid=c.tid and c.cid=sc.cid group by sc.cid order by result desc

26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数

SELECT count(1) from sc,student s where sc.sid=s.sid GROUP BY sc.cid

27、查询出只有两门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名

select s.* from student s,sc where s.sid=sc.sid GROUP BY sc.sid HAVING
COUNT(sc.cid)=2

28、查询男生、女生人数

select s.ssex,count(1) from student s GROUP BY s.ssex

29、查询名字中含有"风"字的学生信息

select s.* from student s where s.sname like '%风%'

30、查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数

SELECT sname,ssex,count(1) FROM Student GROUP BY 1,2 
HAVING count(1)>1;

31、查询1990年出生的学生名单(注：Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)

SELECT * FROM student WHERE YEAR(sage)='1990'

32、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩降序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程编号升序排列

select avg(score) t from sc GROUP BY cid order by t,sc.cid 

33、查询平均成绩大于等于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩

select s.sid,s.sname,avg(score) t from student s,sc where s.sid=sc.sid GROUP BY sc.sid HAVING t>=85

34、查询课程名称为"数学"，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数

select s.sname,sc.score from student s,sc,course c where c.cname='数学' and sc.score<60 and s.sid=sc.sid

35、查询所有学生的课程及分数情况；

select s.sname,s.sid,score from student s,sc where s.sid=sc.sid

36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数；

select s.sname,sc.cid,sc.score from student s,sc where sc.sid=s.sid GROUP BY sc.sid HAVING MIN(score)>70

37、查询不及格的课程

SELECT * FROM sc WHERE score<60

38、查询课程编号为01且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名；

select s.sname,s.sid from student s,sc where sc.score>=80 and sc.cid='01' and sc.sid=s.sid

39、求每门课程的学生人数

select COUNT(sid),cid from sc group by cid

40、查询选修"张三"老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

select s.sname,s.sid,sc.score from student s,sc,teacher,course where tname='张三' and s.sid=sc.sid 
and sc.cid=course.cid and course.tid=teacher.tid order by score desc

42、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名

SELECT SID FROM sc GROUP BY CID ORDER BY score LIMIT 2

43、统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过5人的课程才统计）。要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列

select count(1) as num,sc.cid from sc  GROUP BY cid HAVING  COUNT(DISTINCT sid)>5 ORDER BY num,cid

44、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号

select student.sid from student,sc where student.sid=sc.sid group by sc.sid HAVING COUNT(sc.cid)>=2 

45、查询选修了全部课程的学生信息

SELECT * from ztb WHERE COUNT(cname) =3 GROUP BY sid

46、查询各学生的年龄

SELECT YEAR(NOW())-YEAR(Sage) as age FROM student 

47、查询本周过生日的学生

SELECT WEEK(NOW())-WEEK(Sage) as num FROM student WHERE WEEK(NOW())-WEEK(Sage)=0

48、查询下周过生日的学生

SELECT WEEK(NOW())-WEEK(Sage) as num FROM student WHERE WEEK(NOW())-WEEK(Sage)=1

49、查询本月过生日的学生

SELECT MONTH(NOW())-MONTH(Sage) as num FROM student WHERE MONTH(NOW())-MONTH(Sage)=0

50、查询下月过生日的学生

SELECT MONTH(NOW())-MONTH(Sage) as num FROM student WHERE MONTH(NOW())-MONTH(Sage)=1

说明：总共五十道题。前部分比较麻烦，后面简单，有几个需要用到窗口函数，我这个mysql没有窗口函数，所以就没贴出来。