从阿里、UC联姻 看移动互联网“入口”之争

摘要:6月11日,阿里巴巴通过微博宣布,UC优视公司全面融入阿里巴巴集团,促成中国互联网史上最大规模合并。尽管几经博弈,但这个结果或多或少也在意料之中。本次收购对移动互联网大局有哪些影响?巨头们又有哪些打算?
6月11日上午,阿里巴巴通过微博宣布,UC优视公司(一下简称“UC”)全面融入阿里巴巴集团(以下简称“阿里”),UC优视公司CEO俞永福也通过微博表示:一个重要的决定:合聚变!UC并入阿里巴巴的传闻已成为现实。同时,阿里将组建UC移动事业群,UC董事长俞永福担任事业群总裁,并进入阿里集团战略决策委员会。这算是给阿里、百度为UC的“暗战”正式划上了句号——UC选择了阿里,而百度拿下了91无线。


UC微博还称,此次整合将创造中国互联网史上最大规模合并。俞永福在内部信中表示,本次整合将大部分以阿里巴巴集团股票,配合部分现金的方式进行,整个交易的总估值远远超过之前中国互联网最大并购交易“百度对91的19亿美元估值”。但具体金额并未透露。


早在一年前,百度高调宣布收购91无线的时候,很多人认为UC已成为“大佬模式”下的弃子。认为高德、新浪微博投入阿里巴巴的怀抱;91、PPS被百度收入囊中;搜狗与360暧昧不断。只有UC在收购传闻后,无人问津。事实上,马云早已于2013年4月加盟UC董事会,2014年5月,UC与阿里共同发布了旗下移动搜索引擎品牌——神马搜索(其中阿里占股30%,UC占股70%)。俞永福还连续在不同场合向百度开炮,挑战百度的野心非常明显。外界普遍认为,这项服务将对百度在中国的搜索业务构成严峻挑战。而俞永福此前公布的数据也恰恰印证了这一点:UC浏览器的活跃用户量已达5亿(其中1亿为海外市场);神马搜索的活跃用户已经超过1亿,占国内移动搜索市场的20%。


尽管几经博弈,但从结果回顾整个过程,不难发现这一结果其实“早已注定”。


移动浏览器是移动互联网最为重要的入口之一,作为以搜索为核心业务的百度,若能与一款用户过亿的浏览器相结合,势必会大大巩固自己在这一领域的地位。另一方面,百度的一位竞争对手腾讯近几年在移动互联网领域的发展有目共睹,不仅有微信、手机QQ两款超过5亿用户的产品,其游戏市场的份额也不容小觑。当然,最令百度头疼的在于QQ浏览器已拿下了市场第二的份额,而旗下的搜索引擎搜搜也会将战略重心转向移动搜索市场。如此看来,完全控制一个用户量过亿的浏览器是百度的迫切需要。


于是,市场竞争的紧迫感促使百度显得有些贪心,试图将UC全资纳入怀中,并根据自己未来的部署战略进行调整。但这样做却恰恰忽略了UC一直坚持独立上市的打算。当然也有人认为,IPO只是资本家眼中的一个选项,利益最大化的初衷才是促成此次收购的根本原因。


于是,阿里投其所好,第一不要求控股,给UC独立上市的机会;第二给出合理的价格;第三凭借其一直以来都是UC股东的身份,最终赢得这场争夺。


无论如何,从阿里前后参股的过程到这次交易,可以看到这一交易架构对阿里的几大好处。首先是明确路线,要么支持UC上市,要么对其进行并购;其次,这一做法会吸引投资人支持阿里对UC的重组,打消其对于估值的疑虑;最后,保证自己在阿里系中的强势地位,不被边缘化。


目前,腾讯凭借社交“稳坐钓鱼台”,微信又给了电商无限遐想;百度在死守其搜索优势的同时,在轻应用方面不断发力;而阿里以其电商和支付方面的优势,再加以其对入口的争夺,未来势必会与腾讯进行一番殊死较量。而对于UC,正如俞永福之前在全球移动互联网大会上所说的那样:“未来市场不会再有‘UC被谁收购’的谣传,只有消息说‘UC收购了谁’。”
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