JavaWeb 使用nginx负载均衡

Nginx是什么

 Nginx是一个轻量级、高性能、稳定性高、并发性好的HTTP和反向代理服务器。

核心功能

· 负载均衡

          负载均衡：多在高并发情况下需要使用。其原理就是将数据流量分摊到多个服务器执行，减轻每台服务器的压力，多台服务器(集群)共同完成工作任务，从而提高了数据的吞吐量。

· 反向代理

          代理我们要访问的目标服务器。代理服务器接受请求，然后将请求转发给内部网络的服务器(集群化)，此时代理服务器对外就表现为一个服务器。

· 动静分离

        Nginx提供的动静分离是指把动态请求和静态请求分离开，合适的服务器处理相应的请求，使整个服务器系统的性能、效率更高。 

Centos下搭建Nginx

        接下来要实现的是两台服务器上装tomcat，一台服务器装Nginx，由Nginx接受请求并将请求转发到相应的服务器.

· gcc 安装

yum install gcc-c++

· PCRE pcre-devel 安装

yum install -y pcre pcre-devel

· zlib

yum install -y zlib zlib-devel

· OpenSSL

yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

Nginx 下载地址

· 解压 nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.8.1

· 编译、安装nginx

./configure

make

make install

· 启动 nginx

 cd /usr/local/nginx/ 

./sbin/nginx   

·访问ID端口默认是80，出现如下界面，代表Nignx安装成功

· 配置 nginx configure

cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/

vim nginx.conf

我的配置文件如下

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;
 
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
 
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;
 
 
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
 
 
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
 
    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
 
    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
 
    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
 
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
 
    #gzip  on;
 
      upstream testsite.com{
    server 174.137.63.58:8080 weight=1;
    server 94.191.14.127:8080 weight=2;
    }
 
 
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
 
        #charset koi8-r;
 
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
 
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
         
    location /myweb/ {
            proxy_pass http://testsite.com/;
        proxy_redirect default;
    }
 
        #error_page  404              /404.html;
 
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
 
        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}
 
        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}
 
        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }
 
 
    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
 
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
 
 
    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;
 
    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
 
    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
 
    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
 
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
 
}

· 改完配置文件之后重启nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 

接下来我们使用http://自己的IP/myweb/访问，结果如下

第一张图片If you're seeing this英文前面没有IP，后面另一台有IP是另一台服务器，我们访问相同的IP地址，由两台服务器分别接收到请求，至此完成了负载均衡的配置.

欢迎加Q群交流学习:819443769