spring核心第7 章：TypeConverter

作用

类型转换器，当通过配置文件读取的字符串类型类型需要转换为我们想到的类型时，使用该转换器。

主要实现与调用

主要的实现有SimpleTypeConverter

调用

在BeanFactory中我们创建了SimpleTypeConverter，而在其他地方需要使用时，一般都是通过BeanFactory获取。

我们可以在doResolveDependency方法中进行了使用，具体见BeanFactory解析

继承关系

我们看到，其继承子TypeConverter与PropertyEditorRegistry。PropertyEditorRegistry主要是保存所有的属性编辑器。而TypeConverter接口提供类型转换相关接口。

建议先理解 PropertyEditorRegistry。

TypeConverter

接口 定义了不同参数的convertIfNecessary 方法。

TypeConverterSupport

将不同参数的方法统一到一个方法

	@Nullable
	@Override
	public <T> T convertIfNecessary(@Nullable Object value, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType,
			@Nullable TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor) throws TypeMismatchException {

		Assert.state(this.typeConverterDelegate != null, "No TypeConverterDelegate");
		try {
			return this.typeConverterDelegate.convertIfNecessary(null, null, value, requiredType, typeDescriptor);
		}
		catch (ConverterNotFoundException | IllegalStateException ex) {
			throw new ConversionNotSupportedException(value, requiredType, ex);
		}
		catch (ConversionException | IllegalArgumentException ex) {
			throw new TypeMismatchException(value, requiredType, ex);
		}
	}

基本上所有的逻辑都由typeConverterDelegate代理实现，其代理的逻辑在下面子类中说明。

SimpleTypeConverter

只是为父类的typeConverterDelegate负值。我们可以看到其实最后传的还时this也就是它自己，其代码也就是父类的PropertyEditorRegistrySupport相关实现。

需要主要同时也调用了registerDefaultRditors。打开了默认的编辑器。

	public SimpleTypeConverter() {
		this.typeConverterDelegate = new TypeConverterDelegate(this);
		registerDefaultEditors();
	}

所有我们跟进TypeConverterDelegate 方法

	@Nullable
	public <T> T convertIfNecessary(@Nullable String propertyName, @Nullable Object oldValue, @Nullable Object newValue,
			@Nullable Class<T> requiredType, @Nullable TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor) throws IllegalArgumentException {

		// Custom editor for this type?
		PropertyEditor editor = this.propertyEditorRegistry.findCustomEditor(requiredType, propertyName);

		ConversionFailedException conversionAttemptEx = null;

		// No custom editor but custom ConversionService specified?
		ConversionService conversionService = this.propertyEditorRegistry.getConversionService();
		if (editor == null && conversionService != null && newValue != null && typeDescriptor != null) {
			TypeDescriptor sourceTypeDesc = TypeDescriptor.forObject(newValue);
			if (conversionService.canConvert(sourceTypeDesc, typeDescriptor)) {
				try {
					return (T) conversionService.convert(newValue, sourceTypeDesc, typeDescriptor);
				}
				catch (ConversionFailedException ex) {
					// fallback to default conversion logic below
					conversionAttemptEx = ex;
				}
			}
		}

		Object convertedValue = newValue;

		// Value not of required type?
		if (editor != null || (requiredType != null && !ClassUtils.isAssignableValue(requiredType, convertedValue))) {
			if (typeDescriptor != null && requiredType != null && Collection.class.isAssignableFrom(requiredType) &&
					convertedValue instanceof String) {
				TypeDescriptor elementTypeDesc = typeDescriptor.getElementTypeDescriptor();
				if (elementTypeDesc != null) {
					Class<?> elementType = elementTypeDesc.getType();
					if (Class.class == elementType || Enum.class.isAssignableFrom(elementType)) {
						convertedValue = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String) convertedValue);
					}
				}
			}
			if (editor == null) {
				editor = findDefaultEditor(requiredType);
			}
			convertedValue = doConvertValue(oldValue, convertedValue, requiredType, editor);
		}

		boolean standardConversion = false;

		if (requiredType != null) {
			// Try to apply some standard type conversion rules if appropriate.

			if (convertedValue != null) {
				if (Object.class == requiredType) {
					return (T) convertedValue;
				}
				else if (requiredType.isArray()) {
					// Array required -> apply appropriate conversion of elements.
					if (convertedValue instanceof String && Enum.class.isAssignableFrom(requiredType.getComponentType())) {
						convertedValue = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String) convertedValue);
					}
					return (T) convertToTypedArray(convertedValue, propertyName, requiredType.getComponentType());
				}
				else if (convertedValue instanceof Collection) {
					// Convert elements to target type, if determined.
					convertedValue = convertToTypedCollection(
							(Collection<?>) convertedValue, propertyName, requiredType, typeDescriptor);
					standardConversion = true;
				}
				else if (convertedValue instanceof Map) {
					// Convert keys and values to respective target type, if determined.
					convertedValue = convertToTypedMap(
							(Map<?, ?>) convertedValue, propertyName, requiredType, typeDescriptor);
					standardConversion = true;
				}
				if (convertedValue.getClass().isArray() && Array.getLength(convertedValue) == 1) {
					convertedValue = Array.get(convertedValue, 0);
					standardConversion = true;
				}
				if (String.class == requiredType && ClassUtils.isPrimitiveOrWrapper(convertedValue.getClass())) {
					// We can stringify any primitive value...
					return (T) convertedValue.toString();
				}
				else if (convertedValue instanceof String && !requiredType.isInstance(convertedValue)) {
					if (conversionAttemptEx == null && !requiredType.isInterface() && !requiredType.isEnum()) {
						try {
							Constructor<T> strCtor = requiredType.getConstructor(String.class);
							return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(strCtor, convertedValue);
						}
						catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
							// proceed with field lookup
							if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
								logger.trace("No String constructor found on type [" + requiredType.getName() + "]", ex);
							}
						}
						catch (Exception ex) {
							if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
								logger.debug("Construction via String failed for type [" + requiredType.getName() + "]", ex);
							}
						}
					}
					String trimmedValue = ((String) convertedValue).trim();
					if (requiredType.isEnum() && trimmedValue.isEmpty()) {
						// It's an empty enum identifier: reset the enum value to null.
						return null;
					}
					convertedValue = attemptToConvertStringToEnum(requiredType, trimmedValue, convertedValue);
					standardConversion = true;
				}
				else if (convertedValue instanceof Number && Number.class.isAssignableFrom(requiredType)) {
					convertedValue = NumberUtils.convertNumberToTargetClass(
							(Number) convertedValue, (Class<Number>) requiredType);
					standardConversion = true;
				}
			}
			else {
				// convertedValue == null
				if (requiredType == Optional.class) {
					convertedValue = Optional.empty();
				}
			}

			if (!ClassUtils.isAssignableValue(requiredType, convertedValue)) {
				if (conversionAttemptEx != null) {
					// Original exception from former ConversionService call above...
					throw conversionAttemptEx;
				}
				else if (conversionService != null && typeDescriptor != null) {
					// ConversionService not tried before, probably custom editor found
					// but editor couldn't produce the required type...
					TypeDescriptor sourceTypeDesc = TypeDescriptor.forObject(newValue);
					if (conversionService.canConvert(sourceTypeDesc, typeDescriptor)) {
						return (T) conversionService.convert(newValue, sourceTypeDesc, typeDescriptor);
					}
				}

				// Definitely doesn't match: throw IllegalArgumentException/IllegalStateException
				StringBuilder msg = new StringBuilder();
				msg.append("Cannot convert value of type '").append(ClassUtils.getDescriptiveType(newValue));
				msg.append("' to required type '").append(ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType)).append("'");
				if (propertyName != null) {
					msg.append(" for property '").append(propertyName).append("'");
				}
				if (editor != null) {
					msg.append(": PropertyEditor [").append(editor.getClass().getName()).append(
							"] returned inappropriate value of type '").append(
							ClassUtils.getDescriptiveType(convertedValue)).append("'");
					throw new IllegalArgumentException(msg.toString());
				}
				else {
					msg.append(": no matching editors or conversion strategy found");
					throw new IllegalStateException(msg.toString());
				}
			}
		}

		if (conversionAttemptEx != null) {
			if (editor == null && !standardConversion && requiredType != null && Object.class != requiredType) {
				throw conversionAttemptEx;
			}
			logger.debug("Original ConversionService attempt failed - ignored since " +
					"PropertyEditor based conversion eventually succeeded", conversionAttemptEx);
		}

		return (T) convertedValue;
	}

代码虽然比较多，但大致分为以下几步：

1. 首先使用 custom 的属性编辑器，用户自定义的。
2. 使用ConversionService进行转换，大部分数据都会在这一步进转换。
3. 使用默认的PropertyEditor。具体见PropertyEditor解析。