本文目录
一，File文件操作
demo_文件列表显示
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
public class 案例_文件列表显示 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
File file=new File("E:"+File.separator);
listDir(file);
}
public static void listDir(File file){
if(file.isDirectory()){
File result[]=file.listFiles();
if(result!=null){
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
listDir(result[i]); //递归将是目录的文件路径递归到文件然后输出文件的路径
}
}
}
System.out.println(file);
}
}
demo_文件批量更名
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
public class 案例_文件批量更名 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
File file=new File("F:"+File.separator);
renameDir(file);
}
public static void renameDir(File file){
if(file.isDirectory()){
File result[]=file.listFiles();
if(result!=null){
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
renameDir(result[i]);
}
}
}else{
if(file.isFile()){//排除空文件夹的干扰
String fileName=null;
if(file.getName().endsWith(".txts")){
//public int lastIndexOf(String str)从尾查找指定字符串的位置：找不到返回-1，找到了返回对应字符数组下标
fileName=file.getName().substring(0, file.getName().lastIndexOf("."))+".txt";
File newFile=new File(file.getParentFile(),fileName);
file.renameTo(newFile);
}
}
}
}
}
注意不要将代码中要修改的文件后缀名修改成重要的后缀名，以防止文件被破坏。该程序将F盘中的所有后缀名为“.txts”的修改为“.txt”。
demo_File文件基本操作
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
class MathUtil{
private MathUtil(){}
public static double round(double data,int scale){
return Math.round(data*Math.pow(10, scale))/Math.pow(10, scale);
}
}
public class File文件基本操作 {
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
File file = new File("F:"+File.separator+"demo.txt");
if(!file.getParentFile().exists()){
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
if(file.exists()){
file.delete();
}else{
file.createNewFile();
}
File fileB=new File("C:"+File.separator+"Finish.log");
System.out.println("存在："+fileB.exists());
System.out.println("读取："+fileB.canRead());
System.out.println("写入："+fileB.canWrite());
System.out.println("执行："+fileB.canExecute());
System.out.println("大小："+MathUtil.round(fileB.length(), 2)+"KB");
System.out.println("时间："+new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format( new Date(fileB.lastModified())));
System.out.println("目录："+fileB.isDirectory());
System.out.println("文件："+fileB.isFile());
File fileC=new File("E:"+File.separator);
if(fileC.isDirectory()){
File result[]=fileC.listFiles();
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
System.out.println(result[i]);
}
}
}
}
运行结果
存在：true
读取：true
写入：true
执行：true
大小：9.0KB
时间：2019-01-11 15:56:19
目录：false
文件：true
E:\$RECYCLE.BIN
E:\Adobe
E:\demo - 快捷方式.lnk
E:\demo.txt
E:\System Volume Information
E:\前端
E:\后端
Process finished with exit code 0
二，字节流与字符流
demo_OutputStream类
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
public class OutputStream类 {
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
File file=new File("E:"+File.separator+"demo.txt");
if(!file.getParentFile().exists()){
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
try (OutputStream output=new FileOutputStream(file);){
String str="hello\r\nhello";
output.write(str.getBytes());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
demo_InputStream类
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class InputStream类 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
File file=new File("E:"+File.separator+"demo.txt");
if(file.exists()){
InputStream input=new FileInputStream(file);
byte data[]=new byte[1024];
int len=input.read(data);
System.out.println("["+new String(data,0,len)+"]");
input.close();
}
}
}
demo_Writer类
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
public class Writer类 {
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
File file=new File("E:"+File.separator+"demo.txt");
if(!file.getParentFile().exists()){
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
Writer out=new FileWriter(file);
out.write("hello world");
out.append("!");
out.close();
}
}
demo_Reader类
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.Reader;
public class Reader类 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
File file=new File("E:"+File.separator+"demo.txt");
if(file.exists()){
Reader read=new FileReader(file);
char data[]=new char[1024];
read.skip(2);
int len=read.read(data);
System.out.println(new String(data,0,len));
}
}
}
demo_转换流
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
public class 转换流 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
File file =new File("E:"+File.separator+"demo.txt");
if(file.exists()){
OutputStream output=new FileOutputStream(file);
Writer out=new OutputStreamWriter(output);
out.write("hello!!");
out.close();
output.close();
}
}
}
demo_文件拷贝
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
class FileUtil{
private File srcFile;//源文件
private File desFile;//目标文件
public FileUtil(File srcFile, File desFile) {
this.srcFile = srcFile;
this.desFile = desFile;
}
public FileUtil(String srcFile, String desFile) {
this(new File(srcFile),new File(desFile));//构造调用
}
public boolean copy() throws Exception{//文件复制前的基本判断
if(!this.srcFile.exists()){
System.out.println("复制源文件不存在！");
return false;
}
try{
this.copyImple(this.srcFile);
return true;
}catch(Exception e){
return false;
}
}
private void copyImple(File file)throws Exception{
if(file.isDirectory()){
File result[]=file.listFiles();
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
copyImple(result[i]);
}
}else{
if(file.isFile()){
String newFilePath=file.getPath().replace(this.srcFile.getPath()+File.separator, "");
File newFile = new File(this.desFile,newFilePath);
this.copyFileImple(file,newFile);
}
}
}
private void copyFileImple(File srcFileImp,File desFileImp)throws Exception{
if(!this.desFile.exists()){
this.desFile.mkdirs();
}
byte data[]=new byte[1024];
InputStream input=null;
OutputStream output=null;
try{
input=new FileInputStream(srcFileImp);
output=new FileOutputStream(desFileImp);
int len=0;
while((len = input.read(data))!=-1){
output.write(data, 0, len);
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
if(input!=null){
input.close();
}
if(output!=null){
output.close();
}
}
}
}
public class 案例_文件拷贝 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
if(args.length!=2){
System.out.println("命令参数设置错误");
System.exit(1);
}
long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
FileUtil fu=new FileUtil(args[0],args[1]);
System.out.println(fu.copy()?"文件复制成功":"文件复制失败");
long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("复制花费时间为"+(end-start));
}
}
三，I/O操作深入
demo_内存操作流
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
public class 内存操作流 {
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
String str="hello";
InputStream input=new ByteArrayInputStream(str.getBytes());
ByteArrayOutputStream output=new ByteArrayOutputStream();//不向上转型，要使用ByteArrayOutput的toByteArray方法
int data=0;
while((data=input.read())!=-1){
output.write(Character.toUpperCase(data));//将输入流的内容保存至输出流
}
byte result[]=output.toByteArray();
System.out.println(new String(result));
input.close();
output.close();
}
}
demo_管道流
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PipedInputStream;
import java.io.PipedOutputStream;
public class 管道流 {
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
SendThread send=new SendThread();
ReceiveThread receive=new ReceiveThread();
send.getOutput().connect(receive.getInput());
new Thread(send,"发送端").start();
new Thread(receive,"接收端").start();
}
}
class SendThread implements Runnable{
private PipedOutputStream output;
public SendThread(){
this.output=new PipedOutputStream();
}
public PipedOutputStream getOutput(){
return this.output;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
this.output.write((Thread.currentThread().getName()+"发送信息：hello").getBytes());
this.output.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class ReceiveThread implements Runnable{
private PipedInputStream input;
public ReceiveThread(){
this.input=new PipedInputStream();
}
public PipedInputStream getInput(){
return this.input;
}
@Override
public void run() {
byte data[]=new byte[1024];
int len=0;
ByteArrayOutputStream bos=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try {
while((len=input.read(data))!=-1){
bos.write(data,0,len);
}
System.out.println(new String(bos.toByteArray()));
this.input.close();
bos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
demo_RandomAccessFile_Read
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
public class RandomAccessFile_Read {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
File file=new File("E:"+File.separator+"demo.txt");
RandomAccessFile raf=new RandomAccessFile(file,"rw");
{//读取王五 跳过24位
raf.skipBytes(24);
byte[] data=new byte[8];
int len=raf.read(data);
System.out.println("姓名："+new String(data,0,len).trim()+"\t年龄："+raf.readInt());
}
{//读取李四 回跳12位
raf.seek(12);;
byte[] data=new byte[8];
int len=raf.read(data);
System.out.println("姓名："+new String(data,0,len).trim()+"\t年龄："+raf.readInt());
}
{//读取张三 跳回开始点
raf.seek(0);;
byte[] data=new byte[8];
int len=raf.read(data);
System.out.println("姓名："+new String(data,0,len).trim()+"\t年龄："+raf.readInt());
}
raf.close();
}
}
demo_RandomAccessFile_Write
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
class Writer_RA {
public static void Run(RandomAccessFile raf,String names[],int ages[])throws Exception{
for(int i=0;i<names.length;i++){
raf.write(names[i].getBytes());
raf.writeInt(ages[i]);
}
raf.close();
}
}
public class RandomAccessFile_Writer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
RandomAccessFile raf=new RandomAccessFile(new File("E:"+File.separator+"demo.txt"),"rw");
Writer_RA.Run(raf, new String[]{"zhangsan","lisi ","wangwu "}, new int[]{10,20,30});
}
}
四，输入与输出支持
demo_打印流
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
public class 打印流 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
File file=new File("E:"+File.separator+"demo.txt");
PrintWriter pri=new PrintWriter(file);
int age=18;
pri.print("姓名：");
pri.println("张三");
pri.printf("年龄：%d\r\n", age);
pri.close();
}
}
demo_System的IO
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class System的IO {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
InputStream input=System.in;
System.out.print("请输入内容：");
byte [] data=new byte[1024];
int len=input.read(data);
System.out.println("输入的内容为："+new String(data,0,len));
try{
Integer.parseInt("a");
}catch(Exception e){
System.out.println(e);
System.err.print(e);
}
}
}
运行结果
请输入内容：1
输入的内容为：1
java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: "a"
java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: "a"（此行红色）
Process finished with exit code 0
demo_BufferedReader类
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
public class BufferedReader类 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
BufferedReader buff=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println("请输入你的年龄：");
String age=buff.readLine();
if(age.matches("\\d{1,3}")){
int ages=Integer.parseInt(age);
System.out.println("你的年龄为"+ages+"岁");
}else{
System.out.println("你绝对是来捣乱的！");
}
}
}
demo_Scanner类
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Scanner类 {
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你的生日：");
if(scan.hasNext("\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}")){
String str=scan.next("\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}");
System.out.println("生日为："+new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse(str));
}
scan.close();
Scanner scann=new Scanner(new File("E:"+File.separator+"demo.txt"));
scann.useDelimiter("\n");
while(scann.hasNext()){
System.out.println(scann.next());
}
scann.close();
}
}
五，对象序列化
demo_对象序列化
package cn.io.demo;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
@SuppressWarnings(value = { "" })
class Person implements Serializable{
private String name;
private int age;
private transient int mark;
public Person(String name,int age,int mark){
this.name=name;
this.age=age;
this.mark=mark;
}
@Override
public String toString(){
return "姓名："+this.name+",年龄："+this.age+",不需要序列化的值:"+this.mark;
}
}
public class 对象序列化 {
private static final File SAVE_FILE=new File("E:"+File.separator+"demo.txt");
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
saveObject(new Person("张三",18,1));
System.out.println(loadObject());
}
public static void saveObject(Object obj)throws Exception{
ObjectOutputStream oos=new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(SAVE_FILE));
oos.writeObject(obj);
oos.close();
}
public static Object loadObject()throws Exception{
ObjectInputStream ois=new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(SAVE_FILE));
Object obj=ois.readObject();
ois.close();
return obj;
}
}
本文完，欢迎访问或关注我的【Java SE】专栏。
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