netty_netty入门到精通琴兽-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_18351817/article/details/80042056

传统IO，需要使用多线程

package OIO;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
 * 传统socket服务端
 *
 */
public class OioServer {

    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        //创建socket服务,监听10101端口
        ServerSocket server=new ServerSocket(10101);
        System.out.println("服务器启动！");
        while(true){
            //获取一个套接字（阻塞）
            final Socket socket = server.accept();
            System.out.println("来个一个新客户端！");
            newCachedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable() {

                @Override
                public void run() {
                    //业务处理
                    handler(socket);
                }
            });

        }
    }

    /**
     * 读取数据
     * @param socket
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void handler(Socket socket){
            try {
                byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
                InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();

                while(true){
                    //读取数据（阻塞）
                    int read = inputStream.read(bytes);
                    if(read != -1){
                        System.out.println(new String(bytes, 0, read));
                    }else{
                        break;
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally{
                try {
                    System.out.println("socket关闭");
                    socket.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
    }
}

NIO 多路复用技术其实read的时候还是阻塞的

package NIO;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;

/**
 * NIO服务端
 */
public class NIOServer {
    // 通道管理器
    private Selector selector;

    /**
     * 获得一个ServerSocket通道，并对该通道做一些初始化的工作
     * 
     * @param port
     *            绑定的端口号
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void initServer(int port) throws IOException {
        // 获得一个ServerSocket通道
        ServerSocketChannel serverChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        // 设置通道为非阻塞
        serverChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        // 将该通道对应的ServerSocket绑定到port端口
        serverChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(port));
        // 获得一个通道管理器
        // 一个系统可以使用多个selector（比如多线程），一个selector也可以在其上注册多个ServerSocketChannel
        this.selector = Selector.open();
        // 将通道管理器和该通道绑定，并为该通道注册SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT事件,注册该事件后，
        // 当该事件到达时，selector.select()会返回，如果该事件没到达selector.select()会一直阻塞。
        serverChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
    }

    /**
     * 采用轮询的方式监听selector上是否有需要处理的事件，如果有，则进行处理
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void listen() throws IOException {
        System.out.println("服务端启动成功！");
        // 轮询访问selector
        while (true) {
            // 当注册的事件到达时，方法返回；否则,该方法会一直阻塞
            selector.select();
            //selector.select() //阻塞
            //selector.select(1000);//不阻塞
            //selector.wakeup();//唤醒阻塞的selector

            // 获得selector中选中的项的迭代器，选中的项为注册的事件
            Iterator<?> ite = this.selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
            while (ite.hasNext()) {
                SelectionKey key = (SelectionKey) ite.next();
                // 删除已选的key,以防重复处理
                ite.remove();
                //即使为了提升效率，这里也不能直接用多线程，下次循环的时候，此次的请求还没处理完，ite 还是会有会有上次的key，重复了，会发生异常，比如说空指针异常
                handler(key);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 处理请求
     * 
     * @param key
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void handler(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {

        // 客户端请求连接事件
        if (key.isAcceptable()) {
            handlerAccept(key);
            // 获得了可读的事件
        } else if (key.isReadable()) {
            handelerRead(key);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 处理连接请求
     * 
     * @param key
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void handlerAccept(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {
        ServerSocketChannel server = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
        // 获得和客户端连接的通道
        SocketChannel channel = server.accept();
        // 设置成非阻塞
        channel.configureBlocking(false);

        // 在这里可以给客户端发送信息哦
        System.out.println("新的客户端连接");
        // 在和客户端连接成功之后，为了可以接收到客户端的信息，需要给通道设置读的权限。
        channel.register(this.selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
    }

    /**
     * 处理读的事件
     * 
     * @param key
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void handelerRead(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {
        // 服务器可读取消息:得到事件发生的Socket通道
        SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
        // 创建读取的缓冲区
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        int read = channel.read(buffer);
        //如果没有判断，客户端关闭的时候会抛出异常，死循环
        if(read > 0){
            byte[] data = buffer.array();
            String msg = new String(data).trim();
            System.out.println("服务端收到信息：" + msg);

            //回写数据
            ByteBuffer outBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap("好的".getBytes());
            channel.write(outBuffer);// 将消息回送给客户端
        }else{
            System.out.println("客户端关闭");
            key.cancel();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 启动服务端测试
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        NIOServer server = new NIOServer();
        server.initServer(8000);
        server.listen();
    }

}

package com.server;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

import org.jboss.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipelineFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channels;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannelFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
/**
 * netty服务端入门
 * @author -琴兽-
 *
 */
public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //服务类
        ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();

        //boss线程监听端口，worker线程负责数据读写
        ExecutorService boss = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        ExecutorService worker = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

        //设置niosocket工厂
        bootstrap.setFactory(new NioServerSocketChannelFactory(boss, worker));

        //设置管道的工厂
        bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new ChannelPipelineFactory() {

            @Override
            public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() throws Exception {

                ChannelPipeline pipeline = Channels.pipeline();
                //继承自ChannelUpStreamHandler,上行
                pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
                //继承自ChannelDownStreamHandler 下行
                pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
                //继承自SimpleChannelHandler
                /*
                messageReceived接收消息

                channelConnected新连接，通常用来检测IP是否是黑名单

                channelDisconnected链接关闭，可以再用户断线的时候清楚用户的缓存数据等
                */
                pipeline.addLast("helloHandler", new HelloHandler());
                return pipeline;
            }
        });

        bootstrap.bind(new InetSocketAddress(10101));

        System.out.println("start!!!");

    }

}

package com.server;

import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelStateEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ExceptionEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelHandler;
/**
 * 消息接受处理类
 *
 */
public class HelloHandler extends SimpleChannelHandler {

    /**
     * 接收消息
     */
    @Override
    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) throws Exception {
        //读取数据
        //ChannelBuffer message = e.getMessage();
        //String s = new String(message.array());
        //加上了Decoder之后，上行的，会进行上面的操作
        String s = (String) e.getMessage();
        System.out.println(s);

        //回写数据
        //ChannelBuffers channelBuffers = new ChannelBuffers()
        //ctx.getChannel.write(channelBuffers.copiedBuffer("aa".getBytes()))

        //加上了Encoder之后，下行的，会进行上面的操作
        ctx.getChannel().write("hi");
        super.messageReceived(ctx, e);
    }

    /**
     * 捕获异常
     */
    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ExceptionEvent e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("exceptionCaught");
        super.exceptionCaught(ctx, e);
    }

    /**
     * 新连接
     */
    @Override
    public void channelConnected(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("channelConnected");
        super.channelConnected(ctx, e);
    }

    /**
     * 必须是链接已经建立，关闭通道的时候才会触发
     */
    @Override
    public void channelDisconnected(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("channelDisconnected");
        super.channelDisconnected(ctx, e);
    }

    /**
     * channel关闭的时候触发
     * channelDisconnected只有在连接建立后断开才会调用
     * channelClosed无论连接是否成功都会调用关闭资源
     */
    @Override
    public void channelClosed(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("channelClosed");
        super.channelClosed(ctx, e);
    }
}

package com.client;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import org.jboss.netty.bootstrap.ClientBootstrap;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channel;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipelineFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channels;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioClientSocketChannelFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
/**
 * netty客户端入门
 * @author -琴兽-
 *
 */
public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //服务类
        ClientBootstrap bootstrap = new  ClientBootstrap();

        //线程池
        ExecutorService boss = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        ExecutorService worker = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

        //socket工厂
        bootstrap.setFactory(new NioClientSocketChannelFactory(boss, worker));

        //管道工厂
        bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new ChannelPipelineFactory() {

            @Override
            public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() throws Exception {
                ChannelPipeline pipeline = Channels.pipeline();
                pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
                pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
                pipeline.addLast("hiHandler", new HiHandler());
                return pipeline;
            }
        });

        //连接服务端
        ChannelFuture connect = bootstrap.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 10101));
        Channel channel = connect.getChannel();

        System.out.println("client start");

        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        while(true){
            System.out.println("请输入");
            channel.write(scanner.next());
        }
    }

}

package com.client;

import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelStateEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ExceptionEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelHandler;
/**
 * 消息接受处理类
 * @author -琴兽-
 *
 */
public class HiHandler extends SimpleChannelHandler {

    /**
     * 接收消息
     */
    @Override
    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) throws Exception {


        String s = (String) e.getMessage();
        System.out.println(s);

        super.messageReceived(ctx, e);
    }

    /**
     * 捕获异常
     */
    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ExceptionEvent e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("exceptionCaught");
        super.exceptionCaught(ctx, e);
    }

    /**
     * 新连接
     */
    @Override
    public void channelConnected(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("channelConnected");
        super.channelConnected(ctx, e);
    }

    /**
     * 必须是链接已经建立，关闭通道的时候才会触发
     */
    @Override
    public void channelDisconnected(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("channelDisconnected");
        super.channelDisconnected(ctx, e);
    }

    /**
     * channel关闭的时候触发
     */
    @Override
    public void channelClosed(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("channelClosed");
        super.channelClosed(ctx, e);
    }
}