C++串口类

先上代码后上使用方法

#ifndef _com_h_
#define _com_h_
#include <tchar.h>
#include <math.h>
#include<iostream>
#include <process.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <conio.h>

extern BYTE aaaa[4096];
class ComAsy//定义类
{
public: 
	ComAsy();
	~ComAsy();
	bool InitCOM(LPCTSTR Port);//打开串口
	void UninitCOM(); //关闭串口并清理

	//写入数据
	bool ComWrite(LPBYTE buf, int &len);

	//读取线程
	static unsigned int __stdcall OnRecv(void*);

private:
	HANDLE m_hCom;
	OVERLAPPED m_ovWrite;//用于写入数据
	OVERLAPPED m_ovRead;//用于读取数据
	OVERLAPPED m_ovWait;//用于等待数据
	volatile bool m_IsOpen;//串口是否打开
	HANDLE m_Thread;//读取线程句柄
};
#endif

先上头文件 ,这个串口类实现了串口发送接收,任意设置波特率,数据位数,停止位数,流控等.

下面是cpp文件

#include"com.h"


/*************************************串口定义***************************************************/
HANDLE hCom;
unsigned char d[8];
DWORD dwBytesWritten = 9;
DWORD dwErrorFlags=0;
COMSTAT ComStat;
OVERLAPPED m_osWrite;
BOOL bWriteStat;
bool a;
int i;
int flag=1;
int serialflag=0;
int receiveSign;
BOOL bRead = TRUE;
BOOL bResult = TRUE;
DWORD dwError = 0;
DWORD BytesRead = 0;
char RXBuff;
BYTE aaaa[4096];


/*****************************************数据定义**************************/



/*****************************************串口类定义**************************/



ComAsy::ComAsy()://构造函数
	m_hCom(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE),
	m_IsOpen(false),
	m_Thread(NULL)
{
	memset(&m_ovWait, 0, sizeof(m_ovWait));
	memset(&m_ovWrite, 0, sizeof(m_ovWrite));
	memset(&m_ovRead, 0, sizeof(m_ovRead));
}

ComAsy::~ComAsy()//析构函数
{
	UninitCOM();//串口对象被释放时关闭串口
}


bool ComAsy::InitCOM(LPCTSTR Port)//配置串口
{
	m_hCom = CreateFile(Port, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
		FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED|FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,//设置异步标识
		NULL);
	if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == m_hCom)
	{
		return false;
	}
	SetupComm(m_hCom, 4096, 4096);//设置发送接收缓存

	DCB dcb;//96n81模式
	GetCommState(m_hCom, &dcb);
	dcb.DCBlength = sizeof(dcb);
	dcb.BaudRate = 9600;//波特率
	dcb.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT;//停止位数为1位
	dcb.Parity = 0;//校验方式为无校验
    dcb.ByteSize = 8;//数据位为8位
	SetCommState(m_hCom, &dcb);//配置串口

	PurgeComm(m_hCom, PURGE_RXABORT|PURGE_TXCLEAR|PURGE_RXCLEAR|PURGE_TXABORT);

	COMMTIMEOUTS ct;
	ct.ReadIntervalTimeout = MAXDWORD;//两字符之间最大的延时，读取无延时，因为有WaitCommEvent等待数据
	ct.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 0;  //读时间常量
	ct.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0;// 读时间系数

	ct.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 500;// 写时间系数
	ct.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 5000;// 写时间常量

	SetCommTimeouts(m_hCom, &ct);//配置读写超时

	//创建事件对象
	m_ovRead.hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, false, false, NULL);
	m_ovWrite.hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, false, false, NULL);
	m_ovWait.hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, false, false, NULL);

	SetCommMask(m_hCom, EV_ERR | EV_RXCHAR);//设置接受事件

	//创建读取线程
	m_Thread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, &ComAsy::OnRecv, this, 0, NULL);
	m_IsOpen = true;
	return true;
}

void ComAsy::UninitCOM()//关闭串口
{
	m_IsOpen = false;
	if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE != m_hCom)
	{
		CloseHandle(m_hCom);
		m_hCom = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
	}
	if (NULL != m_ovRead.hEvent)
	{
		CloseHandle(m_ovRead.hEvent);
		m_ovRead.hEvent = NULL;
	}
	if (NULL != m_ovWrite.hEvent)
	{
		CloseHandle(m_ovWrite.hEvent);
		m_ovWrite.hEvent = NULL;
	}
	if (NULL != m_ovWait.hEvent)
	{
		CloseHandle(m_ovWait.hEvent);
		m_ovWait.hEvent = NULL;
	}
	if (NULL != m_Thread)
	{
		WaitForSingleObject(m_Thread, 5000);//等待线程结束
		CloseHandle(m_Thread);
		m_Thread = NULL;
	}
}

bool ComAsy::ComWrite(LPBYTE buf, int &len)//发送数据
{
	BOOL rtn = FALSE;
	DWORD WriteSize = 0;

	PurgeComm(m_hCom, PURGE_TXCLEAR|PURGE_TXABORT);
	m_ovWait.Offset = 0;
	rtn = WriteFile(m_hCom, buf, len, &WriteSize, &m_ovWrite);

	len = 0;
	if (FALSE == rtn && GetLastError() == ERROR_IO_PENDING)//后台读取
	{
		//等待数据写入完成
		if (FALSE == ::GetOverlappedResult(m_hCom, &m_ovWrite, &WriteSize, TRUE))
		{
			return false;
		}
	}

	len = WriteSize;
	return rtn != FALSE;
	
}

unsigned int __stdcall ComAsy::OnRecv( void* LPParam)//接收数据
{
	ComAsy *obj = static_cast<ComAsy*>(LPParam);

	DWORD WaitEvent = 0, Bytes = 0;
	BOOL Status = FALSE;
	BYTE ReadBuf[4096];
	DWORD Error;
	COMSTAT cs = {0};

	while(obj->m_IsOpen)
	{
		WaitEvent = 0;
		obj->m_ovWait.Offset = 0;
		Status = WaitCommEvent(obj->m_hCom,&WaitEvent, &obj->m_ovWait );
		//WaitCommEvent也是一个异步命令，所以需要等待
		if (FALSE == Status && GetLastError() == ERROR_IO_PENDING)//
		{
			//如果缓存中无数据线程会停在此，如果hCom关闭会立即返回False
			Status = GetOverlappedResult(obj->m_hCom, &obj->m_ovWait,  &Bytes, TRUE);
		}
		ClearCommError(obj->m_hCom, &Error, &cs);
		if (TRUE == Status //等待事件成功
			&& WaitEvent&EV_RXCHAR//缓存中有数据到达
			&& cs.cbInQue > 0)//有数据
		{
			Bytes = 0;
			obj->m_ovRead.Offset = 0;
			memset(ReadBuf, 0, sizeof(ReadBuf));
			//数据已经到达缓存区，ReadFile不会当成异步命令，而是立即读取并返回True
			Status = ReadFile(obj->m_hCom, ReadBuf, sizeof(ReadBuf), &Bytes, &obj->m_ovRead);
			PurgeComm(obj->m_hCom, PURGE_RXCLEAR|PURGE_RXABORT);
			for(int i=0;i<4096;i++)
			aaaa[i]=ReadBuf[i];
		}

	}
	return 0;
}

下面简单讲解一下使用方法:

1.在其他文件里包含com.h(众所周知)

2.调用类成员函数initcom进行串口配置,上面的代码把波特率等相关信息设置成固定值了,如果需要在程序使用时设置,只需当作参数传入即可.

3.进行串口收发数据,发数据用成员函数comwrite,参数为数组的指针和数组长度.接收数据时从缓冲区读取即可.

本人入门级菜鸟,内容大多学习于网络,有问题希望大佬多多指教.本人QQ941131649