CentOS下安装JDK的三种方法
由于各Linux开发厂商的不同,因此不同开发厂商的Linux版本操作细节也不一样,今天就来说一下CentOS下JDK的安装:
# 文件上传、下载工具lrzsz安装
[root@server software]# sudo yum -y install lrzsz
方法一:手动解压JDK的压缩包,然后设置环境变量
0.卸载就有系统自带的openjdk等
# rpm -qa | grep java
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.222.b03-1.el7.x86_64
python-javapackages-3.4.1-11.el7.noarch
tzdata-java-2019b-1.el7.noarch
java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless-1.7.0.221-2.6.18.1.el7.x86_64
javapackages-tools-3.4.1-11.el7.noarch
java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.222.b03-1.el7.x86_64
java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.221-2.6.18.1.el7.x86_64
# rpm -e --nodeps java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.222.b03-1.el7.x86_64
# rpm -e --nodeps java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless-1.7.0.221-2.6.18.1.el7.x86_64
# rpm -e --nodeps java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.222.b03-1.el7.x86_64
# rpm -e --nodeps java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.221-2.6.18.1.el7.x86_64
# java -version -- 确认是否卸载干净了
bash: java: 未找到命令...
1.在/usr/目录下创建java目录
# mkdir -p /usr/local/java
2.下载jdk,然后解压:
# curl -O https://download.oracle.com/otn/java/jdk/8u202-b08/1961070e4c9b4e26a04e7f5a083f551e/jdk-8u202-linux-x64.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf jdk-8u202-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/java/ --- 解压到指定文件夹
3.设置环境变量
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_202
[root@localhost java]# vi /etc/profile
在profile文件末尾一行添加如下内容:
# 配置java环境变量
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_202
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
或者:
# set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_202
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_202/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH
保存:wq退出,让修改生效:
[root@localhost java]# source /etc/profile
问题:
[root@localhost java]# source /etc/profile --- abrtd.service会让source 执行很慢,造成超时
'abrt-cli status' timed out
解决:
[root@localhost java]# systemctl status abrtd.service
[root@localhost java]# sudo systemctl stop abrtd.service
4.验证JDK有效性
[root@localhost java]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_202"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_202-b08)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.202-b08, mixed mode)
5.赋予权限:
[root@localhost java]# sudo chmod -R 777 /usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_202/bin
方法二:用yum安装JDK
1.查看yum库中都有哪些jdk版本(暂时只发现了openjdk)
[root@localhost ~]# yum search java|grep jdk
ldapjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : Javadoc for ldapjdk
java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.7.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
ldapjdk.x86_64 : The Mozilla LDAP Java SDK
2.选择版本,进行安装
//选择1.7版本进行安装
[root@localhost ~]# yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk
//安装完之后,默认的安装目录是在: /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86_64
3.设置环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile
在profile文件中添加如下内容
#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86_64
JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH
让修改生效
[root@localhost java]# source /etc/profile
4.验证(同上一方法)
方法三:用rpm安装JDK
1.下载rpm安装文件
[root@localhost ~]$ curl -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm
2.使用rpm命令安装
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm
3.设置环境变量
[root@localhost java]# vi /etc/profile
在打开的profile文件中添加如下内容
#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH
让修改生效
[root@localhost java]# source /etc/profile
4.验证(同上一方法)
注:和yum安装类似,不用设置环境变量就可以运行java命令。rpm安装方式默认会把jdk安装到/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79,然后通过三层链接,链接到/usr/bin,具体链接如下:
[root@localhost ~]# cd /bin
[root@localhost bin]# ll|grep java
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 25 Mar 28 11:24 jar ->/usr/java/default/bin/jar
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 26 Mar 28 11:24 java -> /usr/java/default/bin/java
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 27 Mar 28 11:24 javac ->/usr/java/default/bin/javac
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 29 Mar 28 11:24 javadoc ->/usr/java/default/bin/javadoc
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 28 Mar 28 11:24 javaws ->/usr/java/default/bin/javaws
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 30 Mar 28 11:24 jcontrol ->/usr/java/default/bin/jcontrol
[root@localhost bin]# cd /usr/java/
[root@localhost java]# ll
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 28 11:24 default-> /usr/java/latest
drwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Mar 28 11:24 jdk1.7.0_79
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 21 Mar 28 11:24 latest -> /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
方法四:Ubuntu 上使用apt-get安装JDK
1.查看apt库都有哪些jdk版本
root@linuxidc:~# apt-cache search java|grep jdk
default-jdk - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit
default-jdk-doc - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit (documentation)
gcj-4.6-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM)
gcj-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM)
openjdk-6-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)
openjdk-6-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)
openjdk-6-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation
openjdk-6-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)
openjdk-6-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)
openjdk-6-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files
openjdk-7-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)
openjdk-7-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)
openjdk-7-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation
openjdk-7-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)
openjdk-7-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files
uwsgi-plugin-jvm-openjdk-6 - Java plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6)
uwsgi-plugin-jwsgi-openjdk-6 - JWSGI plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6)
openjdk-6-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
openjdk-6-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
openjdk-7-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
openjdk-7-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
openjdk-7-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)
2.选择版本进行安装
root@linuxidc:~# apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk
3.设置环境变量
root@linuxidc:~# vi /etc/profile
在打开的profile文件中添加如下内容
#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64
JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH
让修改生效
root@linuxidc:~# source /etc/profile
4.验证(同上一方法)