jenkins+maven+gitlab+tomcat拉取、构建、发布maven web项目到Tomcat

【第一步：源码拉取】
1.在哪Jenkins服务器生成密钥对：

# ssh-keygen -t rsa   -- 可以什么都不输入，一路"Enter"键

2.cd /root/.ssh/

# id_rsa         -- 私钥
# id_rsa.pub  -- 公钥

3.使用root/gitlab123或者管理员账号登录gitlab设置ssh密钥

4.gitlab页面内：头像 --> Settings(设置) --> 左侧菜单："SSH密钥" -->这里需要输入公钥内容

5.获取公钥内容：cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

[root@centos01 .ssh]# cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDsuuJ4aFMZUKCIoBs88rnrP4hjCXlpXo3Jui5rGKgWYNjFeczWEj3XIU0JoZGsR6cYKj8kOlgqP7xqHXDUWzNM0qm1me1jElCNiBbemQZZcM3DqDL6TNXMN94TebabOc+i1qENH+fQcBOWrWvtE3vRCUe/EuE2etqo5esGsu1KOG9iN8q+fIwPMWakopT5ULv1UxrUYQyAjhk0OnreY4BwRwdk6rxxM0jYVoUEmy7ex3mbK64d/k0IO8nrEq2BvL1sD9dPm8Vwa+IuSeg4+D3TMO7XdWr1k8pxYfgn+wlMoWUI+RwgAy3v4HFYNavvxKDoFAKjRKEsx1bGwBPMZ/UF root@centos01

6.将公钥内容复制到gitlab的SSH Keys中 --> "添加密钥"("Add key")

7.登录到Jenkins管理页面，添加管理私钥 --> Jenkins“凭据”--> "添加凭据"

8.选择：“SSH Username with private key”

9.输入用户名：root (生成密钥key的账户)
  输入描述信息："gitlab-ssh-auth"

10.选择"Enter directly"，直接输入下面获取的私钥key

添加私钥内容：cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa 

[root@centos01 .ssh]# cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa 
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

11.点击"确定"

12.回到主页面，添加项目："新建Item" --> 输入项目名，如"test_demo" -->"构建一个maven项目" -->确定

13.配置项目"源码管理"区域 --> “Git”--> 输入gitlab仓库的ssh项目路径 --> 指定"Credentials"密钥 --> "应用" --> "保存"
     
Repository URL：ssh风格的url

点击"Build Now"，开始构建，构建完成到jenkins机器的"/var/lib/jenkins/workspace"目录下查看代码是否"拉取"成功！！！

接下来配置"构建"与"发布"流程

【第二步：配置构建与发布源码】

1.点击项目"test_demo" --> "配置" -->  "Build(构建)"区域

Goals and options："clean compile install package -Dmaven.test.skip=true"

"高级" --> MAVEN_OPTS："-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8"

2.[可选]"Post Steps" - -> 点击"Add post-build step" --> 选择"Send files or execute commands over SSH"

选择要发布的Tomcat服务器:

Name：随便取一个
Transfers -->
Source files：**/*.war
Remote directory：/webapps

 
3.配置安装好的用于发布的Tomcat

# vim apache-tomcat-8.5.59/conf/tomcat-users.xml
添加如下配置：
  <role rolename="tomcat"/>
  <role rolename="role1"/>
  <role rolename="manager-script"/>
  <role rolename="manager-gui"/>
  <role rolename="manager-status"/>
  <role rolename="admin-gui"/>
  <role rolename="admin-script"/>
  <user username="tomcat" password="tomcat123" roles="manager-gui,manager-script,tomcat,admin-gui,admin-script"/>

# vim apache-tomcat-8.5.59/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
注释掉如下内容：
<!--
  <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
         allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
-->

# 在Jenkins界面中添加上面配置的Tomcat访问"凭据"：

 "添加凭据" --> 类型："username with password" -->用户名/密码：tomcat/tomcat123，描述："tomcat-auth" --> "确定"

4."构建后操作"区域 --> "增加构建后操作步骤" --> 选择"Deploy war/ear to a container"

WAR/EAR files：target/*.war
Context path：可以为空
Containers：选择上面配置好的对应的Tomcat版本，
                    （
                         Credentials：选择上面配置的凭据"tomcat-auth"
                       Tomcat URL：tomcat对应的http://ip:port
                      ）

点击"应用" --> "保存"

5.点击"Build Now"，开始构建，构建完成到jenkins机器的"/var/lib/jenkins/workspace"目录下查看代码是否拉取成功！！！