nagios后期维护

本文详细介绍了Nagios监控系统的配置流程,包括服务端与客户端的安装配置、自定义监控服务、高可用主备切换等。同时,文章提供了调整监控阀值的方法和保证Nagios稳定运行的策略,如快速增加主机、调整阀值和监控线程健康状态。
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IPHostname备注
192.168.88.31smasternagios服务端主节点
192.168.88.32clientnagios客户端
192.168.88.41sbackupnagios服务端备节点

环境说明:firewalld关闭,selinux关闭。

软件版本:
nagios版本:4.4.3
nagios-plugins版本:2.2.1
nrpe版本:3.2.1

Nagios相关博客:

1.设置邮件告警次数只通知1次
在监控服务项添加normal_check_interval 0

//例如
[root@sbackup ~]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/192.168.88.32.cfg
define service {
    use                     local-service
    host_name               client
    service_description     Nginx port status
    check_command           check_nrpe!check_nginx
normal_check_interval           0			//定义为0,报警只发送一次,不重发。
max_check_attempts				 1 			//定义为1,检测到问题后立即报警,不重试.
    contact_groups                  admins
}

[root@sbackup ~]# systemctl restart nagios

//查看日志
[root@sbackup ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
Mar 27 17:55:44 sbackup nagios: SERVICE ALERT: client;Nginx port status;CRITICAL;HARD;1;CRITICAL,nginx is not working!
Mar 27 17:55:44 sbackup nagios: job 77 (pid=3632): read() returned error 11			
//只发送了一次邮件

2.将上次设置的远程客户端上的监控,部署上邮件告警。
//只需要在监控服务项中添加联系组即可

define host{
        use                     linux-server
        host_name               client
        address                 192.168.88.32
        contact_groups                  admins			//联系组
        }

define service {
    use                     local-service
    host_name               client
    service_description     Nginx port status
    check_command           check_nrpe!check_nginx
    normal_check_interval           1
    contact_groups                  admins			//联系组
}
[root@sbackup ~]# systemctl restart nagios

邮件效果图:
在这里插入图片描述

3.nagios后期维护

总结如下:
1.如何更快速的增加主机?
2.如何调整合适的阀值?
3.如何保证nagios稳定的运行?

①.快速的增加主机

[root@smaster ~]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/
[root@smaster objects]# mkdir servers/
[root@smaster objects]# vi ../nagios.cfg
cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/servers			//添加
[root@smaster objects]# cd servers/
[root@smaster servers]# vi Create.sh		//批量生成客户端脚本
#!/bin/bash 
usage () { 
        echo -en "USAGE: $0 [host list] or $0 [template] [host list]\nFor example: $0 host.template host.list(Field : [IP] [HOST NAME])\n" 1>&2 
        exit 1 
} 
 
if [ $# -gt 2 ];then 
        usage 
        exit 1 
fi 
 
case "$#" in 
        2) 
                template=$1 
                host_list=$2 
        ;; 
        1) 
                template='host.template' 
                host_list=$1 
        ;; 
        0) 
        #       template='host.template' 
        #        host_list='host.list' 
                usage 
        ;; 
esac 
 
if [ ! -f "${template}" ];then 
        echo "template : ${template} not exist!" 1>&2 
        exit 1 
fi 
 
if [ ! -f "${host_list}" ];then 
        echo "host list : ${host_list} not exist!" 1>&2 
        exit 1 
fi  
cat ${host_list}|\
while read ip hostname 
do 
        echo "${ip}"|grep -oP '^\d{1,3}(\.\d{1,3}){3}$' >/dev/null 2>&1 || Field='not ip' 
        if [ "${Field}" = 'not ip' ];then 
                echo "${ip} not ip!" 1>&2 
                exit 1 
        fi 
        host_cfg="${hostname}-${ip}.cfg" 
        cp ${template} ${host_cfg} 
        sed -i "s/HOST_NAME/${hostname}/g;s/ADDRESS/${ip}/g" ${host_cfg} 
done

[root@smaster servers]# vi linux.template 		//批量生成的模板
define host {
    use                     linux-server 
    host_name               HOST_NAME
    alias                   HOST_NAME
    address                 ADDRESS
}

define service {
    use                     local-service        
    host_name               HOST_NAME
    service_description     PING
    check_command           check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}

define service {
    use                     local-service    
    host_name               HOST_NAME
    service_description     Root Partition
    check_command           check_local_disk!20%!10%!/
}

define service {
    use                     local-service   
    host_name               HOST_NAME
    service_description     Total Processes
    check_command           check_local_procs!250!400!RSZDT
}

[root@smaster servers]# vi list.text 			//ip和主机列表
192.168.88.41   sbackup
[root@smaster servers]# chmod 755 *
[root@smaster servers]# ./Create.sh linux.template list.text   
[root@smaster servers]# ll
总用量 16
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nagios nagios 1218 3月  27 18:38 Create.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root    783 3月  27 18:56 linux.template
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nagios nagios   43 3月  27 18:36 list.text
-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root    779 3月  27 18:56 sbackup-192.168.88.41.cfg

[root@smaster servers]# chown -R nagios.nagios ../servers/  
[root@smaster servers]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
Checking objects...
        Checked 14 services.
        Checked 3 hosts.
        Checked 1 host groups.
        Checked 0 service groups.
        Checked 1 contacts.
        Checked 1 contact groups.
        Checked 25 commands.
        Checked 5 time periods.
        Checked 0 host escalations.
        Checked 0 service escalations.
Checking for circular paths...
        Checked 3 hosts
        Checked 0 service dependencies
        Checked 0 host dependencies
        Checked 5 timeperiods
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...

Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors:   0
[root@smaster servers]# systemctl restart nagios

Nagios网页监控效果图:
在这里插入图片描述

②.调整合适的阀值
使用crontab写入一个定时任务

[root@smaster ~]# crontab -e
*/5 * * * *  ps -ef | wc -l >> /root/total_procs.txt			//每五分钟收集线程数到该文档中
[root@smaster ~]# crontab -l
*/5 * * * *  ps -ef | wc -l >> /root/total_procs.txt
[root@smaster ~]# cat total_procs.txt 	//可以看到每5分钟的线程数
138
137
137
132

③. 保证nagios稳定的运行

[root@smaster ~]# vi /usr/sbin/procs.sh 			//编写一个监控nagios线程的脚本
#!/bin/bash
procs=`ps -ef |grep nagios |grep -v grep |wc -l`

if [ $procs -le 1 ];then					//如果线程数小于等于1则重启一次
systemctl restart nagios;
procs1=`ps -ef |grep nagios |grep -v grep |wc -l`	//再次查询线程数
if [ $procs1 -le 1 ];then				//如果线程数小于等于1则
        echo "Nagios_Procs WARING!" | mail -s "Nagios_procs<=1,The nagios service may shut down" 577*****@qq.com
        exit;
else
        exit;
fi
fi

[root@sbackup ~]# sh -x /usr/sbin/procs.sh 
++ ps -ef
++ grep nagios
++ grep -v grep
++ wc -l
+ procs=1
+ '[' 1 -le 1 ']'
+ systemctl restart nagios
++ ps -ef
++ grep -v grep
++ wc -l
++ grep nagios
+ procs1=6
+ '[' 6 -le 1 ']'
+ exit

//如果nagios配置文件出错的情况下
[root@sbackup ~]# systemctl stop nagios 			              
[root@sbackup ~]# sh -x /usr/sbin/procs.sh            
++ ps -ef
++ grep nagios
++ grep -v grep
++ wc -l
+ procs=1
+ '[' 1 -le 1 ']'
+ systemctl restart nagios
Job for nagios.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status nagios.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
++ grep nagios
++ grep -v grep
++ ps -ef
++ wc -l
+ procs1=1
+ '[' 1 -le 1 ']'
+ echo 'Nagios_procs<=1,The nagios service may shut down'
+ mail -s 'Nagios_Procs WARING!' 577*****@qq.com
+ exit
[root@sbackup ~]# crontab -e				//每5分钟执行一次检测脚本。
*/5 * * * * sh /usr/sbin/procs.sh

邮件告警截图:
在这里插入图片描述

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