[机器学习速成课程] 神经网络简介 (Introduction to Neural Networks)：编程练习-学习笔记

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-18 01:47:44 发布

Yulong.Wang

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-18 01:47:44 发布

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分类专栏：学习笔记

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_20039347/article/details/79647695

版权

本文是机器学习速成课程的一部分，介绍了如何使用TensorFlow构建神经网络进行回归任务。通过训练和调整超参数，降低RMSE，防止过拟合，最终在测试数据上评估模型性能。

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神经网络简介

学习目标：

使用 TensorFlow DNNRegressor 类定义神经网络 (NN) 及其隐藏层
训练神经网络学习数据集中的非线性规律，并实现比线性回归模型更好的效果

在之前的练习中，我们使用合成特征来帮助模型学习非线性规律。

一组重要的非线性关系是纬度和经度的关系，但也可能存在其他非线性关系。

现在我们从之前练习中的逻辑回归任务回到标准的（线性）回归任务。也就是说，我们将直接预测 median_house_value。

设置

导入，与之前一样

import math

from IPython import display
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib import gridspec
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from sklearn import metrics
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.python.data import Dataset

tf.logging.set_verbosity(tf.logging.ERROR)
pd.options.display.max_rows = 10
pd.options.display.float_format = '{:.1f}'.format

california_housing_dataframe = pd.read_csv("https://storage.googleapis.com/mledu-datasets/california_housing_train.csv", sep=",")

california_housing_dataframe = california_housing_dataframe.reindex(
    np.random.permutation(california_housing_dataframe.index))

样本特征，跟之前一样

def preprocess_features(california_housing_dataframe):
  """Prepares input features from California housing data set.

  Args:
    california_housing_dataframe: A Pandas DataFrame expected to contain data
      from the California housing data set.
  Returns:
    A DataFrame that contains the features to be used for the model, including
    synthetic features.
  """
  selected_features = california_housing_dataframe[
    ["latitude",
     "longitude",
     "housing_median_age",
     "total_rooms",
     "total_bedrooms",
     "population",
     "households",
     "median_income"]]
  processed_features = selected_features.copy()
  # Create a synthetic feature.
  processed_features["rooms_per_person"] = (
    california_housing_dataframe["total_rooms"] /
    california_housing_dataframe["population"])
  return processed_features

def preprocess_targets(california_housing_dataframe):
  """Prepares target features (i.e., labels) from California housing data set.

  Args:
    california_housing_dataframe: A Pandas DataFrame expected to contain data
      from the California housing data set.
  Returns:
    A DataFrame that contains the target feature.
  """
  output_target