线程同步案例：临界资源问题

临界资源是：Ticket类中的tickets属性。

卖票案例

//使用同步代码块，锁是this，也可以更改为同步方法【静态方法(锁是 类名.class)或者时非静态方法(锁是this)】
public class Ticket implements Runnable {
    int tickets = 100;
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true) {
            synchronized (this) {//锁是this
                if (tickets < 1) {
                    return;
                }

                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "正在出售第" + tickets + "张票.");
                tickets--;
            }
        }
    }

}
//测试类
public class ThreadTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Ticket ticket = new Ticket();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(ticket,"窗口1");
        Thread t2 = new Thread(ticket,"窗口2");
        Thread t3 = new Thread(ticket,"窗口3");
        Thread t4 = new Thread(ticket,"窗口4");
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();
        t4.start();
    }
}
/*使用lock接口的实现类,ReentrantLock实现同步
*/
public class Ticket implements Runnable{
    private int ticket=100;
    //创建锁
    private Lock lock=new ReentrantLock();

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true) {
            lock.lock();//上锁
            try {
                if (ticket < 1) {
                    break;
                }
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "卖了第" + ticket + "张票");
                ticket--;
            } finally {
                lock.unlock();//解锁

            }
        }
    }
}
//测试类：
        Ticket ticket=new Ticket();
        Thread w1=new Thread(ticket,"窗口1");
        Thread w2=new Thread(ticket,"窗口2");
        Thread w3=new Thread(ticket,"窗口3");
        Thread w4=new Thread(ticket,"窗口4");
        w1.start();
        w2.start();
        w3.start();
        w4.start();

存钱取钱案例：

//银行卡类
public class BankCard {
    private double money;
    public double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }
    public void setMoney(double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }
}
//存钱类
public class AddMoney implements Runnable{
    private BankCard card;
    public AddMoney(BankCard card) {
        this.card=card;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {
            synchronized (card) {
                double m=card.getMoney();
                card.setMoney(m+1000);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"存了1000，余额是"+card.getMoney());
            }           
        }
    }

}
//取钱类
public class SubMoney implements Runnable{
    private BankCard card;
    public SubMoney(BankCard card) {
        this.card=card;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {
            synchronized (card) {
                double m=card.getMoney();
                if(m>=1000) {
                    card.setMoney(m-1000);
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"取了1000，余额是"+card.getMoney());
                }else {
                    System.out.println("余额不足,请存钱");
                    i--;
                }
            }

        }

    }
}
//测试类
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BankCard card=new BankCard();
        AddMoney add=new AddMoney(card);
        SubMoney sub=new SubMoney(card);
        Thread t=new Thread(add,"大郎");
        Thread t2=new Thread(sub,"小金");
        t.start();
        t2.start();
    }
}