一文搞定sizeof笔试面试题

转自 https://blog.csdn.net/stpeace/article/details/113838908

1.sizeof(基本类型)

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;

void fun1(char str[20])
{
  cout << sizeof(str) << endl;
}

void fun2(char a[10][9])
{
  cout << sizeof(a) << endl;
}

int func3() 
{
  cout << "hello world" << endl;
  return 0;
}

int main()
{
  cout << sizeof(int) << endl;  // 4

  cout << sizeof(long) << endl; // 8

  int i = 0;
  cout << sizeof(++i) << endl; // 4
  cout << i << endl; // 0, 注意不是1哦

  cout << sizeof(func3()) << endl; // 4, 注意没有hello world打印哈

  char *p1;
  cout << sizeof(p1) << endl; // 8

  int *p2 = new int[100]; 
  cout << sizeof(p2) << endl; // 8
  delete [] p2;

  float *p3;
  cout << sizeof(p3) << endl; // 8

  double ******p4;
  cout << sizeof(p4) << endl; // 8


  char str[100] = "abcdefg";
  fun1(str); // 8  (fun1中的形参str是指针变量)
  cout << sizeof(str) << endl;  // 100  (str的容量为100)
  cout << sizeof(*str) << endl; // 1    (*str是一个字符数据)
  cout << strlen(str) << endl;  // 7    (字符串str的长度)

  char str1[] = "abcdeofg"; //  (里面是字符'o')
  cout << sizeof(str1) << endl; // 9
  cout << strlen(str1) << endl; // 8

  char str2[] = "abcde0fg"; //  (里面是字符'0',不等于'\0')
  cout << sizeof(str2) << endl; // 9
  cout << strlen(str2) << endl; // 8

  char str3[] = "abcde\0fg";  
  cout << sizeof(str3) << endl; // 9
  cout << strlen(str3) << endl; // 5

  char str4[] = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g'};
  cout << sizeof(str4) << endl; // 7
  cout << strlen(str4) << endl; // 7  (数值不确定)

  char str5[] = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'o', 'f', 'g'};
  cout << sizeof(str5) << endl; // 8
  cout << strlen(str5) << endl; // 13  (数值不确定)

  char str6[] = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', '0', 'f', 'g'};
  cout << sizeof(str6) << endl; // 8
  cout << strlen(str6) << endl; // 21  (数值不确定)

  char str7[] = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', '\0', 'f', 'g'};
  cout << sizeof(str7) << endl; // 8
  cout << strlen(str7) << endl; // 5

  char str8[] = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 0, 'f', 'g'};
  cout << sizeof(str8) << endl; // 8
  cout << strlen(str8) << endl; // 5

  char str9[] = "";
  cout << sizeof(str9) << endl; // 1
  cout << strlen(str9) << endl; // 0
  char a[10][9];
  cout << sizeof(a) << endl; // 90
  fun2(a); // 8  （fun2中的a为指针变量）


  return 0;
}

2.sizeof(复合类型)

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;

struct A  
{};

struct B
{
  char c;
  int i;
};

struct C
{
  int i;
  char c;
};

struct D
{
  char c1;
  char c2;
  int i;
};

struct E
{
  int i;
  char c1;
  char c2;
};

struct F
{
  char c1;
  int i;
  char c2;
};

union G
{
  char c1;
  int i;
  char c2;
  double d;
};

class H
{};

class I
{
private:
  int i;
};

class J
{
public:
  virtual void display();
};

class K
{
private:
  int i;
public:
  void display();
};

class L
{
private:
  int i;
public:
  virtual void display();
};

class M
{
private:
  int i;
  int j;
public:
  virtual void display();
};

class N
{
private:
  static int i;
};

class O
{
private:
  static int i;
  int j;
};

int main()
{
  cout << sizeof(A) << endl; // 1  (编译器实现)
  cout << sizeof(B) << endl; // 8  (内存对齐)
  cout << sizeof(C) << endl; // 8  (内存对齐)
  cout << sizeof(D) << endl; // 8  (内存对齐)
  cout << sizeof(E) << endl; // 8  (内存对齐)
  cout << sizeof(F) << endl; // 12 (内存对齐)

  cout << sizeof(G) << endl; // 8  (内存共用)

  cout << sizeof(H) << endl; // 1   (编译器实现)
  cout << sizeof(I) << endl; // 4   
  cout << sizeof(J) << endl; // 8   (虚指针)
  cout << sizeof(K) << endl; // 4
  cout << sizeof(L) << endl; // 16  (虚指针)  对比一下sizeof(M)
  cout << sizeof(M) << endl; // 16  (虚指针)  对比一下sizeof(L)

  cout << sizeof(N) << endl; // 1   (静态成员变量不专属某一对象)
  cout << sizeof(O) << endl; // 4   (静态成员变量不专属某一对象)

  return 0;
}