关系数据库-8-[mariadb]在centos中的在线安装和卸载

1 在线安装

(1)查看有没有安装mariadb
方式：#rpm -qa | grep mariadb
方式：#rpm -qa | grep MariaDB
返回的内容都卸载
返回mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64

执行卸载
#yum remove mariadb-libs -y
#yum remove mariadb
(2)yum默认都是安装最新版的软件
显示所有已经安装和可以安装的程序包 这些列表里面的包的来源就是/etc/yum.repo.d。
#yum list mariadb
返回mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base
(3)通过yum源安装指定版本的mariadb
地址https://downloads.mariadb.org/
复制yum源

[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1

确认未安装数据库#rpm -q mariadb-server
(4)根据官方提供的yum源，重新配置yum仓库
#cd /etc/yum.repos.d
#vi mariadb.repo

[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1

#yum repolist 查看下已安装好的yum源仓库
下载相关包
#yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/root -y MariaDB-server

(5)在线安装
#yum install MariaDB-server -y
#rpm -qa | grep MariaDB查看安装结果

#systemctl status mariadb查看状态
#systemctl start mariadb启动
#systemctl enable mariadb设置开机自启动

2 修改配置

(1)设置root密码
#mysqladmin -u root password ‘abc123’
#mysql -uroot -pabc123登录
(2)修改mysql数据库，配置实现远程连接
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;
MariaDB [mysql]> grant all privileges on . to root@’%’ identified by “abc123”;
MariaDB [mysql]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
(3)查看防火墙状态

firewall-cmd --state
systemctl status firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
#单独开通指定端口
firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp  # 查看3306端口是否开启
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent  # 开启3306端口
firewall-cmd --reload  # 重启防火墙
firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp  # 查看3306端口是否开启

(4)设置MariaDB字符集为utf-8

(4-1)修改之前

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%";

(4-2)修改过程
1）/etc/my.cnf 文件
在 [mysqld] 标签下添加
init_connect=‘SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci’
init_connect=‘SET NAMES utf8’
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake

#
# This group is read both by the client and the server
# use it for options that affect everything
#
[client-server]

#
# include *.cnf from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
[mysqld]
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake

2）/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf 文件
没有这个文件，需要新建
在 [client] 标签下添加
default-character-set=utf8

[client]
default-character-set=utf8

3）/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf 文件
在 [mysql] 标签下添加
default-character-set=utf8

#
# These groups are read by MariaDB command-line tools
# Use it for options that affect only one utility
#

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql_upgrade]

[mysqladmin]

[mysqlbinlog]

[mysqlcheck]

[mysqldump]

[mysqlimport]

[mysqlshow]

[mysqlslap]

#systemctl restart mariadb重启服务
(4-3)修改之后

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%";