quantile=分位数
quartile=四分位数 percentile=百分位数
纯计算的角度看,三个量的特殊值关系如下
0th quartile = 0th quantile = 0th percentile = min负无穷远点
1st quartile = .25th quantile = 25th percentile = lower quartile下四分位数(中点以下,又取中点)
2nd quartile = .5th quantile = 50th percentile = median中点/中位数
3rd quartile = .75th quantile = 75th percentile = upper quartile上四分位数(中点以上,又取中点)
4th quartile = 1st quantile = 100th percentile = max无穷远点
(修改自 Percentile vs quantile vs quartile)
中位数,四分位数和百分位数都是quantile的特例
从实用的角度,可以说
中位数只有一个
四分位数有三个:下四分位数,中位数,上四分位数
百分位数有99个(太多,不是都有名字)