Android6.0以上动态权限申请

在Android6.0之前只需在AndroidManifest.xml文件写明权限即可。但是在Android6.0之后也就是SDK>=23的时候，一些隐私权限需要动态申请，而且在用户同意授权之后App才能拥有该权限。

如下9组权限需要动态申请。而且一组权限只要一个授权授权同意，全组都可用。

  group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
    permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS    
    permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS
  
  group:android.permission-group.PHONE
    permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
    permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE 
    permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
    permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
    permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
    permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL
  
  group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
    permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR
  
  group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
    permission:android.permission.CAMERA
  
  group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
    permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS
  
  group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
    permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
    permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
  
  group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
    permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
  
  group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
    permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO
  
  group:android.permission-group.SMS
    permission:android.permission.REA

D_SMS
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
    permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
    permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS

动态权限总共有三个方法：

ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission() 检查权限是否已经授权

ActivityCompat.requestPermissions()动态申请权限，并弹出对话框。

onRequestPermissionsResult()在activity里面重写该方法该方法是权限申请之后的回调方法。

当然。动态权限申请也要在AndroidManifest.xml里面写明。附上代码
 

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    DynamicPermissions mPer = new DynamicPermissions();


    public static String[] mPermissions = new String[]{
            Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        mPer.setInitData(this, mPermissions, new DynamicPermissions.PermissionsTo() {
            /**
             *  已经授权
             * */
            @Override
            public void hasAuthorizeinit(Context context) {
                init();
            }

            /**
             *  低版本无需授权
             * */
            @Override
            public void noAuthorizeinit(Context context) {
                init();
            }

            /**
             *  授权完成且成功
             * */
            @Override
            public void authorizeinitSuccess(Context context) {
                init();
            }

            /**
             *  授权失败
             * */
            @Override
            public void authorizeinitFail(Context context) {

            }
        });
        mPer.destroy();
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        mPer.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }
}

如果有多项权限需要动态申请。那么只需要把权限写入permission数组即可。下面也给出修改后的代码 

public class DynamicPermissions {
    private String TAG = "DynamicPermissions";
    public PermissionsTo mPermissionsTo;
    private int KEY = 101;
    /*
        要添加List原因是想判断数组里如果有个别已经授权的权限，就不需要再添加到List中。添加到List中的权限后续将转成数组去申请权限
         */
    private List<String> mList = new ArrayList<>();
    private Context mContext;
    private String[] mPermissionsGroup;

    public DynamicPermissions() {

    }

    /**
     * 导入数据的方法
     *
     * @param context          上下文
     * @param permissionsGroup 需要授权的权限数组
     * @param permissionsTo    授权后处理事件的接口回调
     */
    public void setInitData(Context context, String[] permissionsGroup, PermissionsTo permissionsTo) {
        this.mContext = context;
        this.mPermissionsGroup = permissionsGroup;
        this.mPermissionsTo = permissionsTo;
        privilege();
    }

    //授权
    private void privilege() {
        mList.clear();//清除权限
        //判断系统版本
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            for (int i = 0; i < mPermissionsGroup.length; i++) {
                //判断权限是否已经允许授权，如果没有授权就会将单个未授权的权限添加到List里面
                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, mPermissionsGroup[i]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    Log.i(TAG, "privilege: 需要授权的权限=" + mPermissionsGroup[i]);
                    mList.add(mPermissionsGroup[i]);
                }
            }
            //判断List不是空的，如果有内容就运行获取权限
            if (!mList.isEmpty()) {
                String[] permissions = mList.toArray(new String[mList.size()]);
                //执行授权的代码。此处执行后会弹窗授权
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity) mContext, permissions, KEY);
                Log.i(TAG, "privilege: 正在授权");
            } else { //如果是空的说明全部权限都已经授权了，就不授权了，吊起接口
                Log.i(TAG, "privilege: 已经授权,不需要授权");
                if (mPermissionsTo != null) {
                    this.mPermissionsTo.hasAuthorizeinit(mContext);
                }

            }

        } else {
            Log.i(TAG, "privilege:6.0以下的版本无需授权");
            if (mPermissionsTo != null) {
                this.mPermissionsTo.noAuthorizeinit(mContext);
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * 处理授权后的接口回调,请将这个方法在外部需要授权的activity的授权回调里重写
     *
     * @param requestCode
     * @param permissions
     * @param grantResults
     */
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        if (requestCode == KEY) {
            int count = 0;
            if (grantResults.length > 0) {//安全写法，如果小于0，肯定会出错了
                for (int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; i++) {
                    if (grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                        Log.i(TAG, "onRequestPermissionsResult：授权成功" + permissions[i].toString());
                        count++;
                    } else {
                        Log.e(TAG, "onRequestPermissionsResult：授权失败" + permissions[i].toString());
                    }
                }
            }
            if (count == grantResults.length && count != 0) {
                Log.i(TAG, "onRequestPermissionsResult：全部权限都授权成功");
                if (mPermissionsTo != null) {
                    this.mPermissionsTo.authorizeinitSuccess(mContext);
                }
            } else {
                Log.e(TAG, "onRequestPermissionsResult：有授权失败的item");
                if (mPermissionsTo != null) {
                    mPermissionsTo.authorizeinitFail(mContext);
                }
            }

        }


        /*   单个判断   Permissions_READ_PHONE_KEY 就是集合集合里面的权限，可以传一个变量过来单个判断
        if (requestCode == Permissions_READ_PHONE_KEY) {
            if (grantResults.length > 0) { //安全写法，如果小于0，肯定会出错了
                for (int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; i++) {
                    if (grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                        Log.e(TAG, "全部权限都成功授权进入");
                        // code
                    } else {
                        finish();
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "授权失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        Log.e(TAG, "读取手机授权失败");
                    }
                }
            }
        }else if (requestCode == Permissions_WRITE_EX_KEY) {
            if (requestCode == Permissions_WRITE_EX_KEY) {
                if (grantResults.length > 0) {
                    for (int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; i++) {
                        if (grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                            Log.e(TAG, "全部权限都成功授权进入");
                            // code
                        } else {
                            finish();
                            Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "授权失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                            Log.e(TAG, "sd卡授权失败");
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }*/

    }

    //创建回调接口
    public interface PermissionsTo {
        void hasAuthorizeinit(Context context); //已经授权

        void noAuthorizeinit(Context context); //低版本无需授权

        void authorizeinitSuccess(Context context); //授权完成且成功

        void authorizeinitFail(Context context); //授权失败

    }

    public void destroy() {
        this.mContext = null;
    }
}