leetcode算法题--字符串转换整数 (atoi)

原题链接：
https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/string-to-integer-atoi/
https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/ba-zi-fu-chuan-zhuan-huan-cheng-zheng-shu-lcof/

int myAtoi(string str) {
    int res=0, i=0, flag=1;
    while(str[i]==' '){i++;}//先去除头部空格
    if(str[i]=='-'){flag=-1;}//如果头部有-，则flag设置为负数
    if(str[i]=='+'||str[i]=='-'){i++;}
    while(i<str.size()&&isdigit(str[i])){
        int r=str[i]-'0';
        if(res>INT_MAX/10||(res==INT_MAX/10&&r>7)){//判断溢出，INT_MAX为2147483648
            return flag>0?INT_MAX:INT_MIN;
        }
        res=res*10+r;
        i++;
    }
    return flag>0?res:-res;
}