前言
本章讲解RabbitMQ整合SpringBoot时的基本使用
方法
1.环境搭建
1)创建相应springboot工程
2)修改pom文件,添加相关的坐标
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>cn.edu.ccut</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot-rabbitmq</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<!-- 设定Java的版本 -->
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<!-- 解决pom.xml首行报错 -->
<maven-jar-plugin.version>3.1.0</maven-jar-plugin.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 配置springBoot的web启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 配置rabbitmq的启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 配置devtools -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 配置springBoot的test启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<mainClass>cn.edu.ccut.App</mainClass>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3)修改application.properties文件,添加rabbitmq的相关配置
spring.application.name=springboot-rabbitmq
#rabbitmq config
spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.1.108
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=jwang
spring.rabbitmq.password=123456
2.Provider和Consumer的编写
1)创建配置类,用于队列的生成
package cn.edu.ccut.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class QueueConfig {
@Bean
public Queue getQueue(){
return new Queue("hello-queue");
}
}
2)编写生产者Provider代码
package cn.edu.ccut;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class Provider {
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;
public void sendMsg(String msg){
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello-queue", msg);
}
}
convertAndxiaoxiSend方法的两个参数分别为队列名称和要发送的消息
3)编写消费者代码
package cn.edu.ccut;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class Consumer {
@RabbitListener(queues="hello-queue")
public void receiveMsg(String msg){
System.out.println("this message is "+msg);
}
}
消费者使用@RabbitListener注解监听指定的队列发送的消息进行消费!
3.编写测试类,测试运行
1)编写测试代码
package cn.edu.ccut;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes=App.class)
public class RabbitMQTest {
@Autowired
private Provider provider;
@Test
public void testSendMsg(){
provider.sendMsg("hello rabbitmq !");
}
}
2)运行改代码,观察控制台效果
由此可见,我们的消费者端成功的捕获了这个消息
3)观察rabbitmq的控制端效果
该面板记录了我们所创建的队列的一些相关的属性