scrapy 自定义图片路径保存,并存到数据库中

scrapy中有个自带的pipeline工具,ImagesPipeline,可以专门用来储存图片到本地。

但默认储存地址无法配置,所以我们需要写一个自己的pipeline用于储存图片。

先分析一下我们的需求:

1.修改图片路径,路径根据采集到的item中的数据变化;

2.将数据库中保存图片的url更改为我们的本地文件路径。

 

首先需要继承原pipeline:

class DownloadImagesPipeline(ImagesPipeline):

然后我们可以查看源码,看看需要改那些地方:

首先是file_path方法,该方法返回了图片储存路径:

    def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
        ## start of deprecation warning block (can be removed in the future)
        def _warn():
            from scrapy.exceptions import ScrapyDeprecationWarning
            import warnings
            warnings.warn('ImagesPipeline.image_key(url) and file_key(url) methods are deprecated, '
                          'please use file_path(request, response=None, info=None) instead',
                          category=ScrapyDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=1)

        # check if called from image_key or file_key with url as first argument
        if not isinstance(request, Request):
            _warn()
            url = request
        else:
            url = request.url

        # detect if file_key() or image_key() methods have been overridden
        if not hasattr(self.file_key, '_base'):
            _warn()
            return self.file_key(url)
        elif not hasattr(self.image_key, '_base'):
            _warn()
            return self.image_key(url)
        ## end of deprecation warning block

        image_guid = hashlib.sha1(to_bytes(url)).hexdigest()  # change to request.url after deprecation
        return 'full/%s.jpg' % (image_guid)

然后是item_completed方法,该方法返回了item。

    def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
        if isinstance(item, dict) or self.images_result_field in item.fields:
            item[self.images_result_field] = [x for ok, x in results if ok]
        return item

最后是他们的请求方法get_media_requests,我们需要传入item的内容用于文件夹的命名:

    def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
        return [Request(x) for x in item.get(self.images_urls_field, [])]

 

好,我们现在开始重写这三个方法:

首先重写get_media_requests,传入文件夹名称,这里加了一个判断避免报错,同时将return改成了yield,使用return也是可以的,这一块主要是为了校验fetch_date,以及传入fetch_date:

    def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
        if isinstance(item, LiveItem) and item.get('image') and item.get('fetch_date'):
            yield Request(item['image'].replace('\\', '/'), meta={'fetch_date': item.get('fetch_date')})

然后是file_path, 我们只需要复制源码过来修改一下储存路径即可:

    def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
        ## start of deprecation warning block (can be removed in the future)
        def _warn():
            from scrapy.exceptions import ScrapyDeprecationWarning
            import warnings
            warnings.warn('ImagesPipeline.image_key(url) and file_key(url) methods are deprecated, '
                          'please use file_path(request, response=None, info=None) instead',
                          category=ScrapyDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=1)

        # check if called from image_key or file_key with url as first argument
        if not isinstance(request, Request):
            _warn()
            url = request
        else:
            url = request.url

        # detect if file_key() or image_key() methods have been overridden
        if not hasattr(self.file_key, '_base'):
            _warn()
            return self.file_key(url)
        elif not hasattr(self.image_key, '_base'):
            _warn()
            return self.image_key(url)
        ## end of deprecation warning block

        image_guid = hashlib.sha1(to_bytes(request.url)).hexdigest()
        return '%s/%s.jpg' % (int(time.mktime(time.strptime(request.meta['fetch_date'], "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))),image_guid)

我们的图片下载完成后,会使用一个元组(即results)传入 item_completed 方法,其中包含一些图片的信息,我们可以打印看看:

[(True, {'url': 'https://rpic.douyucdn.cn/asrpic/180918/5070841_1710.jpg/dy1', 'path': '1537261918/7ccaf3dbc7aef44c597cbd1ec4f01ca2fe1995c5.jpg', 'checksum': '92eeb26633a9631ba457f4f524b2d8c2'})]

所以这里我们可以直接对item中的url进行修改为path中的内容即可:

    def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
        image_paths = [info.get('path', None) for success, info in results if success and info]
        if not image_paths:
            return item
        if isinstance(item, LiveItem):
            item['image'] = u''.join(image_paths)
        return item

 

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