IO流及其使用

大纲

文件流

创建文件方式：

//方式一：
String filePath = "e:\\news1.txt";
File file = new File(filePath);
try{
	file.creatNewFile();
	}catch(IOException e){
		e.printStackTrace();
	}

//方式二：new File(File parent ,String child)
File parentFile = new File("e:\\");
String fileName = "a.txt";
File file = new File(parentFile,filename);
file.creatNewFile();

//方式三：new File(String parent ,String child)
//基本同上

获取文件信息：

length():文件长度（字节数）

目录：

java编程中，目录也被当作文件

IO流的原理以及分类




FileInputStream:

public void readFile(){
        String file = "e:/hello.txt";
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
        byte[] bt = new byte[8];
        try {
            int len;
            fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
            while((len=fileInputStream.read(bt))!=-1){
                System.out.print(new String(bt,0,len));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                fileInputStream.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

FileOutputStream

File file = new File("e:/hello.txt");
        try {
            //关键字true表示新输出的文字将追加在文件末尾
            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file,true);
            String name = "asufaf";
            //getBytes()可以将字符串转换为字节数组
            fileOutputStream.write(name.getBytes());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

BufferedReader和BufferedWriter（处理字符文件）
bufferedReader和BufferedWriter内含Reader和Writer的属性，说明两者可以直接操作父类及其子类

File file = new File("e:/hello.txt");
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
String line ;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine())!= null){
	System.out.println(line);
}
bufferedReader.close();

BufferedInputStreamh和BufferedOutputStream（处理二进制文件）

ObjectInputStream和ObjectOutputStream（对象流：属于处理流）
用于完成数据的序列化和反序列化

import java.io.*;

public class write {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String filePath = "e:\\data.dat";

        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(filePath));
        oos.writeInt(100);
        oos.writeBoolean(true);
        oos.writeChar('3');
        oos.writeUTF("太对了哥");
        oos.writeObject(new Dog("旺财",3));
    }
}
class Dog implements Serializable{
    String name;
    int age;
    Dog(String name , int age){
        this.name= name;
        this.age= age;
    }
}

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;

public class read {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        String file = "e:/data.dat";
        ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
        System.out.println(objectInputStream.readInt());
        System.out.println(objectInputStream.readBoolean());
        System.out.println(objectInputStream.readChar());
        System.out.println(objectInputStream.readUTF());
        Object dog = objectInputStream.readObject();
        System.out.println(dog.getClass());
        System.out.println(dog);
        objectInputStream.close();

    }
}

static和transient表示属性不会被序列化
序列化时，要求里面的属性的类型也实现序列化接口
序列化具备可继承性，如果某类实现了序列化，则默认其子类均实现序列化

转换流InputStreamReader和OutputStreamWriter