目录
一、Spring的Bean的实例化方式(了解)
Bean已经都交给Spring管理,Spring创建这些类的时候,有几种方式:
1.无参构造方法的方式(默认)
编写类:
package com.rosinante.spring.demo3;
public class Bean1 {
public Bean1(){
System.out.println("Bean1的无参数的构造方法执行了...");
}
}
编写配置:
<!-- 无参数构造方法 -->
<bean id="bean1" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo3.Bean1"></bean>
编写测试类:
public class SpringDemo3 {
@Test
public void demo3(){
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
Bean1 bean1 = (Bean1) applicationContext.getBean("bean1");
applicationContext.close();
}
}
运行结果如下:
2.静态工厂实例化的方式
编写Bean2的静态工厂:
package com.rosinante.spring.demo3;
public class Bean2Factory {
public static Bean2 createBean2(){
System.out.println("Bean2Factory方法执行了...");
return new Bean2();
}
}
编写配置:
<!-- 静态工厂实例化 -->
<bean id="bean2" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo3.Bean2Factory" factory-method="createBean2"></bean>
编写测试类:
public void bean2Factory(){
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
Bean2 bean2 = (Bean2)applicationContext.getBean("bean2");
System.out.println(bean2);
}
运行结果如下:
3.实例工厂实例化的方式
Bean3的实例工厂:
package com.rosinante.spring.demo3;
public class Bean3Factory {
public Bean3 createBean3(){
System.out.println("Bean3的实例工厂执行了...");
return new Bean3();
}
}
配置:
<!-- 实例工厂实例化 -->
<bean id="bean3Factory" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo3.Bean3Factory"></bean>
<bean id="bean3" factory-bean="bean3Factory" factory-method="createBean3"></bean>
编写测试类:
public void demo3(){
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
Bean3 bean3 = (Bean3)applicationContext.getBean("bean3");
System.out.println(bean3);
}
运行结果如下:
二、Spring的属性注入
给Bean中的属性设置值:
- 构造方法方式
public class User{
private String name;
private String password;
public User(String name,String password){
this.name = name;
this.password = password;
}
}
- set方法方式
public class User{
private String name;
public void setName(String name){
this.name=name;
}
}
- 接口注入的方式(Spring不支持)
public interface Injection{
public void setName(String name);
}
public class User implements Injection{
private String name;
public void setName(String anme){
this.name=name;
}
}
1.构造方法的方式的属性注入
编写一个pojo类car:
package com.rosinante.spring.demo4;
public class Car {
private String name;
private Double price;
public Car(String name, Double price) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Car [name=" + name + ", price=" + price + "]";
}
}
编写配置:
<!-- 构造方法的方式 -->
<bean id="car" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo4.Car">
<constructor-arg name="name" value="宝马"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg name="price" value="8000000"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
编写测试类:
public void demo1(){
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
Car car= (Car)applicationContext.getBean("car");
System.out.println(car);
}
运行结果如下:
2.set方法的属性注入
- set方法的属性注入
编写一个类car2:
package com.rosinante.spring.demo4;
/**
* set方法的属性注入
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class Car2 {
private String name;
private Double price;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Double price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Car2 [name=" + name + ", price=" + price + "]";
}
}
编写配置文件:
<!-- set方法的方式 -->
<bean id="car2" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo4.Car2">
<property name="name" value="奔驰"></property>
<property name="price" value="1000000"></property>
</bean>
编写测试类:
@Test
public void demo2(){
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
Car2 car2= (Car2)applicationContext.getBean("car2");
System.out.println(car2);
}
运行结果如下:
- set方法设置对象类型的属性
创建一个employee类:
package com.rosinante.spring.demo4;
public class Employee {
private String name;
private Car2 car2; //对象类型
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Car2 getCar2() {
return car2;
}
public void setCar2(Car2 car2) {
this.car2 = car2;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [name=" + name + ", car2=" + car2 + "]";
}
}
配置:
<!-- set方法注入对象类型的属性 -->
<bean id="employee" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo4.Employee">
<!-- value:设置普通类型的值,ref:设置其他类型的id或name -->
<property name="name" value="zhangsan"></property>
<property name="car2" ref="car2"></property>
</bean>
测试类:
public void demo3(){
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
Employee employee= (Employee)applicationContext.getBean("employee");
System.out.println(employee);
}
运行结果如下:
3.P名称空间的属性注入
(一)通过引入p名称空间完成属性的注入:
写法:
- 普通属性 p:属性名=“值”
- 对象属性 p:属性名-ref=“值”
(二)P名称空间的引入:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
在配置文件开头的beans标签里引入:xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
(三)使用P名称空间
将car2的set方式注入属性改为P名称空间的方式:
<!-- 改为p名称空间的方式 -->
<bean id="car2" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo4.Car2" p:name="法拉利" p:price="3000000"></bean>
P名称空间注入属性为对象类型时:
<bean id="employee" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo4.Car2" p:name="zhangsan" p:car2-ref="car2"></bean>
4.SpEL的属性注入
SpEL:Spring Expression Language,Spring表达式语言
语法:
#{SpLE}
例如已car2和employee为例,使用SpEL的方式注入属性
<!-- SpEL的属性注入 -->
<bean id="car2" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo4.Car2">
<property name="name" value="#{'自行车'}"></property>
<property name="price" value="#{3000}"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="employee" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo4.Employee">
<property name="name" value="#{'zhangsan'}"></property>
<property name="car2" value="#{car2}"></property>
</bean>
为了验证在SpEL中调用方法,创建一个CarInfo的类:
package com.rosinante.spring.demo4;
public class CarInfo {
private String name;
public String getName(){
return "摩托车";
}
public Double calculatorPrice(){
return Math.random()*3000;
}
}
将该类配置:
<bean id="carInfo" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo4.CarInfo"></bean>
可以在SpEL中调用CarInfo中的calculatorPrice方法:
<bean id="car2" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo4.Car2">
<property name="name" value="#{carInfo.name}"></property>
<property name="price" value="#{carInfo.calculatorPrice()}"></property>
</bean>
运行结果如下:
5.复杂属性的注入
数组、集合的注入:
创建一个collectionBean类:
package com.rosinante.spring.demo5;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* 集合属性的注入
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class CollectionBean {
private String[] arrs;
private List<String>list;
private Set<String>set;
private Map<String,String>map;
public String[] getArrs() {
return arrs;
}
public void setArrs(String[] arrs) {
this.arrs = arrs;
}
public void setSet(Set<String> set) {
this.set = set;
}
public List<String> getList() {
return list;
}
public void setList(List<String> list) {
this.list = list;
}
public Map<String, String> getMap() {
return map;
}
public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {
this.map = map;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "CollectionBean [arrs=" + Arrays.toString(arrs) + ", list="
+ list + ", set=" + set + ", map=" + map + "]";
}
}
配置:
<!-- Spring集合属性的注入 -->
<!-- 注入数组类型 -->
<bean id="collectionBean" class="com.rosinante.spring.demo5.CollectionBean">
<!-- 注入数组类型 -->
<property name="arrs">
<list>
<value>zhangsan</value>
<value>lisi</value>
<value>wangwu</value>
</list>
</property>
<!-- 注入list集合 -->
<property name="list">
<list>
<value>张三</value>
<value>李四</value>
<value>王五</value>
</list>
</property>
<!-- 注入set集合 -->
<property name="set">
<set>
<value>aaa</value>
<value>bbb</value>
<value>ccc</value>
</set>
</property>
<!-- 注入map集合 -->
<property name="map">
<map>
<entry key="aaa" value="111"></entry>
<entry key="bbb" value="222"></entry>
<entry key="ccc" value="333"></entry>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
编写测试类:
package com.rosinante.spring.demo5;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* 集合类型的属性注入
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class SpringDemo5 {
@Test
public void demo1(){
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
CollectionBean collectionBean= (CollectionBean)applicationContext.getBean("collectionBean");
System.out.println(collectionBean);
}
}
运行结果如下: