前言
本文介绍了关于利用QWebchannel与百度地图进行交互传递经纬度坐标数据
以下是我参考其他人代码实现的分享以下
一、开发环境
使用的是QT5.14.2 + MSVC2017 64/32bit +win10 （MinGW默认不支持 QWebEngineView）关于怎么使用MSVC可以参考我之前的博客
QT5.14搭建MSVC(VS2017) x86 以及64位编译器开发环境搭建（GDB配置）
二、开发步骤
1.HTML开发
1.1 qwebchannel.js
代码如下（示例）：首先在外面加入qwebchannel.js
在HTML所在的目录添加qwebchannel.js这里因为我是利用太乐地图下载的离线地图，所以会有这么多文件，如果是直接联网获取地图数据，只需要在其HTML根目录添加一个这个即可，关于怎么利用太乐地图下载地图数据我回头抽空下一篇文章写一下。加下来我放了离线跟在线地图的HTML大家自己参考
下面是qwebchannel.js中代码
"use strict";
var QWebChannelMessageTypes = {
signal: 1,
propertyUpdate: 2,
init: 3,
idle: 4,
debug: 5,
invokeMethod: 6,
connectToSignal: 7,
disconnectFromSignal: 8,
setProperty: 9,
response: 10,
};
var QWebChannel = function(transport, initCallback)
{
if (typeof transport !== "object" || typeof transport.send !== "function") {
console.error("The QWebChannel expects a transport object with a send function and onmessage callback property." +
" Given is: transport: " + typeof(transport) + ", transport.send: " + typeof(transport.send));
return;
}
var channel = this;
this.transport = transport;
this.send = function(data)
{
if (typeof(data) !== "string") {
data = JSON.stringify(data);
}
channel.transport.send(data);
}
this.transport.onmessage = function(message)
{
var data = message.data;
if (typeof data === "string") {
data = JSON.parse(data);
}
switch (data.type) {
case QWebChannelMessageTypes.signal:
channel.handleSignal(data);
break;
case QWebChannelMessageTypes.response:
channel.handleResponse(data);
break;
case QWebChannelMessageTypes.propertyUpdate:
channel.handlePropertyUpdate(data);
break;
default:
console.error("invalid message received:", message.data);
break;
}
}
this.execCallbacks = {};
this.execId = 0;
this.exec = function(data, callback)
{
if (!callback) {
// if no callback is given, send directly
channel.send(data);
return;
}
if (channel.execId === Number.MAX_VALUE) {
// wrap
channel.execId = Number.MIN_VALUE;
}
if (data.hasOwnProperty("id")) {
console.error("Cannot exec message with property id: " + JSON.stringify(data));
return;
}
data.id = channel.execId++;
channel.execCallbacks[data.id] = callback;
channel.send(data);
};
this.objects = {};
this.handleSignal = function(message)
{
var object = channel.objects[message.object];
if (object) {
object.signalEmitted(message.signal, message.args);
} else {
console.warn("Unhandled signal: " + message.object + "::" + message.signal);
}
}
this.handleResponse = function(message)
{
if (!message.hasOwnProperty("id")) {
console.error("Invalid response message received: ", JSON.stringify(message));
return;
}
channel.execCallbacks[message.id](message.data);
delete channel.execCallbacks[message.id];
}
this.handlePropertyUpdate = function(message)
{
for (var i in message.data) {
var data = message.data[i];
var object = channel.objects[data.object];
if (object) {
object.propertyUpdate(data.signals, data.properties);
} else {
console.warn("Unhandled property update: " + data.object + "::" + data.signal);
}
}
channel.exec({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.idle});
}
this.debug = function(message)
{
channel.send({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.debug, data: message});
};
channel.exec({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.init}, function(data) {
for (var objectName in data) {
var object = new QObject(objectName, data[objectName], channel);
}
// now unwrap properties, which might reference other registered objects
for (var objectName in channel.objects) {
channel.objects[objectName].unwrapProperties();
}
if (initCallback) {
initCallback(channel);
}
channel.exec({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.idle});
});
};
function QObject(name, data, webChannel)
{
this.__id__ = name;
webChannel.objects[name] = this;
// List of callbacks that get invoked upon signal emission
this.__objectSignals__ = {};
// Cache of all properties, updated when a notify signal is emitted
this.__propertyCache__ = {};
var object = this;
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
this.unwrapQObject = function(response)
{
if (response instanceof Array) {
// support list of objects
var ret = new Array(response.length);
for (var i = 0; i < response.length; ++i) {
ret[i] = object.unwrapQObject(response[i]);
}
return ret;
}
if (!response
|| !response["__QObject*__"]
|| response.id === undefined) {
return response;
}
var objectId = response.id;
if (webChannel.objects[objectId])
return webChannel.objects[objectId];
if (!response.data) {
console.error("Cannot unwrap unknown QObject " + objectId + " without data.");
return;
}
var qObject = new QObject( objectId, response.data, webChannel );
qObject.destroyed.connect(function() {
if (webChannel.objects[objectId] === qObject) {
delete webChannel.objects[objectId];
// reset the now deleted QObject to an empty {} object
// just assigning {} though would not have the desired effect, but the
// below also ensures all external references will see the empty map
// NOTE: this detour is necessary to workaround QTBUG-40021
var propertyNames = [];
for (var propertyName in qObject) {
propertyNames.push(propertyName);
}
for (var idx in propertyNames) {
delete qObject[propertyNames[idx]];
}
}
});
// here we are already initialized, and thus must directly unwrap the properties
qObject.unwrapProperties();
return qObject;
}
this.unwrapProperties = function()
{
for (var propertyIdx in object.__propertyCache__) {
object.__propertyCache__[propertyIdx] = object.unwrapQObject(object.__propertyCache__[propertyIdx]);
}
}
function addSignal(signalData, isPropertyNotifySignal)
{
var signalName = signalData[0];
var signalIndex = signalData[1];
object[signalName] = {
connect: function(callback) {
if (typeof(callback) !== "function") {
console.error("Bad callback given to connect to signal " + signalName);
return;
}
object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] = object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] || [];
object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].push(callback);
if (!isPropertyNotifySignal && signalName !== "destroyed") {
// only required for "pure" signals, handled separately for properties in propertyUpdate
// also note that we always get notified about the destroyed signal
webChannel.exec({
type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.connectToSignal,
object: object.__id__,
signal: signalIndex
});
}
},
disconnect: function(callback) {
if (typeof(callback) !== "function") {
console.error("Bad callback given to disconnect from signal " + signalName);
return;
}
object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] = object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] || [];
var idx = object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].indexOf(callback);
if (idx === -1) {
console.error("Cannot find connection of signal " + signalName + " to " + callback.name);
return;
}
object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].splice(idx, 1);
if (!isPropertyNotifySignal && object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].length === 0) {
// only required for "pure" signals, handled separately for properties in propertyUpdate
webChannel.exec({
type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.disconnectFromSignal,
object: object.__id__,
signal: signalIndex
});
}
}
};
}
/**
* Invokes all callbacks for the given signalname. Also works for property notify callbacks.
*/
function invokeSignalCallbacks(signalName, signalArgs)
{
var connections = object.__objectSignals__[signalName];
if (connections) {
connections.forEach(function(callback) {
callback.apply(callback, signalArgs);
});
}
}
this.propertyUpdate = function(signals, propertyMap)
{
// update property cache
for (var propertyIndex in propertyMap) {
var propertyValue = propertyMap[propertyIndex];
object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex] = propertyValue;
}
for (var signalName in signals) {
// Invoke all callbacks, as signalEmitted() does not. This ensures the
// property cache is updated before the callbacks are invoked.
invokeSignalCallbacks(signalName, signals[signalName]);
}
}
this.signalEmitted = function(signalName, signalArgs)
{
invokeSignalCallbacks(signalName, signalArgs);
}
function addMethod(methodData)
{
var methodName = methodData[0];
var methodIdx = methodData[1];
object[methodName] = function() {
var args = [];
var callback;
for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; ++i) {
if (typeof arguments[i] === "function")
callback = arguments[i];
else
args.push(arguments[i]);
}
webChannel.exec({
"type": QWebChannelMessageTypes.invokeMethod,
"object": object.__id__,
"method": methodIdx,
"args": args
}, function(response) {
if (response !== undefined) {
var result = object.unwrapQObject(response);
if (callback) {
(callback)(result);
}
}
});
};
}
function bindGetterSetter(propertyInfo)
{
var propertyIndex = propertyInfo[0];
var propertyName = propertyInfo[1];
var notifySignalData = propertyInfo[2];
// initialize property cache with current value
// NOTE: if this is an object, it is not directly unwrapped as it might
// reference other QObject that we do not know yet
object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex] = propertyInfo[3];
if (notifySignalData) {
if (notifySignalData[0] === 1) {
// signal name is optimized away, reconstruct the actual name
notifySignalData[0] = propertyName + "Changed";
}
addSignal(notifySignalData, true);
}
Object.defineProperty(object, propertyName, {
configurable: true,
get: function () {
var propertyValue = object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex];
if (propertyValue === undefined) {
// This shouldn't happen
console.warn("Undefined value in property cache for property \"" + propertyName + "\" in object " + object.__id__);
}
return propertyValue;
},
set: function(value) {
if (value === undefined) {
console.warn("Property setter for " + propertyName + " called with undefined value!");
return;
}
object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex] = value;
webChannel.exec({
"type": QWebChannelMessageTypes.setProperty,
"object": object.__id__,
"property": propertyIndex,
"value": value
});
}
});
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
data.methods.forEach(addMethod);
data.properties.forEach(bindGetterSetter);
data.signals.forEach(function(signal) { addSignal(signal, false); });
for (var name in data.enums) {
object[name] = data.enums[name];
}
}
//required for use with nodejs
if (typeof module === 'object') {
module.exports = {
QWebChannel: QWebChannel
};
}
1.2 sample.html这里是我用太乐地图生成的离线版本，然后自己修改生成的代码
这一段是我的baiduTilesInfo.js,我用来定义一些全局变量的
var outputPath='D:/海洋实时处理系统/百度八级_瓦片：百度/';
var minLevel=1;
var maxLevel=8;
var centX=110.39707045267951;
var centY=17.31258878962799;
var format='.png';
var pointsStr='110,17';
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<style type="text/css">
body, html,#allmap {width: 100%;height: 100%;overflow: hidden;margin:0;}
#l-map{height:100%;width:78%;float:left;border-right:2px solid #bcbcbc;}
#r-result{height:100%;width:20%;float:left;}
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="bmap.css"/>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/apiv1.3.min.js"></script>
<script src="baiduTilesInfo.js"></script>
<script src ="qwebchannel.js"></script>
<title>百度API离线访问示例 - 太乐地图</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="allmap"></div>
</body>
</html>
<script type="text/javascript">
var tileLayer = new BMap.TileLayer();
tileLayer.getTilesUrl = function(tileCoord, zoom) {
var x = tileCoord.x;
var y = tileCoord.y;
var url = outputPath + zoom + '/' + x + '/' + y + format;
return url;
}
var MyMap = new BMap.MapType('MyMap', tileLayer, {minZoom: minLevel, maxZoom: maxLevel});
var map = new BMap.Map('allmap', {mapType: MyMap});
// 定位到地图中心点
map.centerAndZoom(new BMap.Point(centX, centY), maxLevel);
// 添加导航控件
map.addControl(new BMap.NavigationControl());
// 添加比例尺控件
map.addControl(new BMap.ScaleControl({anchor: BMAP_ANCHOR_TOP_RIGHT}));
// 启用滚轮放大缩小
map.enableScrollWheelZoom();
// 启用键盘操作
map.enableKeyboard();
//**********************自定义函数 x=long , y=lat ,BD09坐标系
//添加点标注
function add_Point(x,y){
var pt = new BMap.Point(x, y);
var marker = new BMap.Marker(pt);
map.addOverlay(marker);
//map.clearOverlays();
// map.setCenter(data.points[0]);
//map.removeOverlay(marker);
}
//添加 .ico
function add_Ico(x,y){
// var myIcon = new BMap.Icon("airplane48.ico", new BMap.Size(-0.0000001,-0.0000001));
// var marker = new BMap.Marker(pt,{icon:myIcon});
var pt = new BMap.Point(x, y);
var marker = new BMap.Marker(pt,{icon:new BMap.Icon("airplane48.ico", new BMap.Size(-0.0000001,-0.0000001),{
anchor: new BMap.Size(2, 3) //偏移
})});
map.addOverlay(marker);
}
//添加 三角箭头
function add_Vector(x,y){
var vectorFCArrow = new BMap.Marker(new BMap.Point(x,y), {
icon: new BMap.Symbol(BMap_Symbol_SHAPE_FORWARD_CLOSED_ARROW, {// 初始化方向向上的闭合箭头
scale: 5,
strokeWeight: 1,
rotation: 0,//顺时针旋转30度
fillColor: 'red',
fillOpacity: 0.8
})
});
map.addOverlay(vectorFCArrow);
vectorFCArrow.show() ;
//vectorFCArrow.hide()
}
function showAlert() {
alert('this is web alert');
}
//************* long, lat GPS坐标 这里经过了GPS转BD09的过程
function addmarker(x,y){
translateCallback = function (data){
if(data.status === 0) {
var marker = new BMap.Marker(data.points[0],{icon:new BMap.Icon("airplane48.ico", new BMap.Size(-0.0000001,-0.0000001))}); // 创建标注
var label = new BMap.Label(x+","+y+",",{offset:new BMap.Size(20,-10)});
marker.setLabel(label);
map.addOverlay(marker);
} }
setTimeout(function(){ //GPS转百度坐标
var convertor = new BMap.Convertor();
var pointArr = [];
pointArr.push(new BMap.Point(x,y));
convertor.translate(pointArr, 1, 5, translateCallback) //;
}, 100);
}
// QT交互*********************************************
new QWebChannel(qt.webChannelTransport, function(channel) {
window.bridge_js = channel.objects.bridge_name; //bridge_name 与QT 中一致
window.bridge_js.sigYourName.connect(function(name) {
alert(name);
});
});
map.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
alert(e.point.lng + "," + e.point.lat);
bridge_js.getCoordinate(e.point.lng, e.point.lat);
});
//********************************************* end
// // 测试 ，添加示例标注 图片+ 标点 GPS坐标
// translateCallback = function (data){
// if(data.status === 0) {
// add_Point(data.points[0].lng,data.points[0].lat);
// add_Ico(data.points[0].lng,data.points[0].lat);
// map.setCenter(data.points[0]);
// } //
// }
// setTimeout(function(){ //GPS转百度坐标
// var convertor = new BMap.Convertor();
// var pointArr = [];
// pointArr.push(new BMap.Point(118.7901447,31.9391303));
// convertor.translate(pointArr, 1, 5, translateCallback)
// }, 100); //end
// //测试， BD09坐标 ，未转换。
// add_Ico(118.801465,31.943004);
// add_Point(118.801465,31.943004);
// add_Vector(118.801465,31.943004);
// alert("hello,");
/*
// 创建用户自定义地标
if(pointsStr!=""){
var points = pointsStr.split("##");
for(var i=0;i<points.length;i++)
{
var point = points[i];
var info = point.split('$');
var infoWindow = new BMap.InfoWindow(info[2]); // 创建信息窗口对象
var p = new BMap.Point(parseFloat(info[1]), parseFloat(info[0]));
var marker = new BMap.Marker(p);
marker.addEventListener("click", function(){
this.openInfoWindow(infoWindow);
});
map.addOverlay(marker);
}
}
*/
/* 添加行政区划（请自行修改城市名称）
function getBoundary(){
var bdary = new BMap.Boundary();
bdary.get("杭州", function(rs){ //获取行政区域
map.clearOverlays(); //清除地图覆盖物
var count = rs.boundaries.length; //行政区域的点有多少个
for(var i = 0; i < count; i++){
var ply = new BMap.Polygon(rs.boundaries[i], {strokeWeight: 2, strokeColor: "#ff0000"}); //建立多边形覆盖物
map.addOverlay(ply); //添加覆盖物
map.setViewport(ply.getPath()); //调整视野
}
});
}
setTimeout(function(){
getBoundary();
}, 2000);
*/
</script>
以下是联网的百度地图HTML代码上下可以选择一个自己修改即可
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" />
<style type="text/css">
body, html,#allmap {width: 100%;height: 100%;overflow: hidden;margin:0;font-family:"微软雅黑";}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://api.map.baidu.com/api?v=2.0&ak=CSHY7cqPUt89ltPGNc7LK7wjG4qutlfB"></script>
<title>地图展示</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="allmap"></div>
</body>
</html>
<!-- <script src="baiduTilesInfo.js"></script> -->
<script src="qwebchannel.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
// 百度地图API功能
var map = new BMap.Map("allmap", {enableMapClick:false});// 创建Map实例，关闭底图可点功能
map.centerAndZoom(new BMap.Point(118.801528, 31.942753), 19); // 初始化地图,设置中心点坐标和地图级别
//****添加缩放按钮
var top_left_control = new BMap.ScaleControl({anchor: BMAP_ANCHOR_TOP_LEFT});// 左上角，添加比例尺
var top_left_navigation = new BMap.NavigationControl(); //左上角，添加默认缩放平移控件
map.addControl(top_left_control);
map.addControl(top_left_navigation);
//添加地图类型控件
map.addControl(new BMap.MapTypeControl({
mapTypes:[
BMAP_NORMAL_MAP,
BMAP_HYBRID_MAP
]}));
map.setCurrentCity("南京"); // 设置地图显示的城市 此项是必须设置的
map.enableScrollWheelZoom(true); //开启鼠标滚轮缩放
//**********************自定义函数 x=long , y=lat ,BD09坐标系
//添加点标注
function add_Point(x,y){
var pt = new BMap.Point(x, y);
var marker = new BMap.Marker(pt);
map.addOverlay(marker);
//map.clearOverlays();
// map.setCenter(data.points[0]);
//map.removeOverlay(marker);
}
//添加 .ico
function add_Ico(x,y){
// var myIcon = new BMap.Icon("airplane48.ico", new BMap.Size(-0.0000001,-0.0000001));
// var marker = new BMap.Marker(pt,{icon:myIcon});
var pt = new BMap.Point(x, y);
var marker = new BMap.Marker(pt,{icon:new BMap.Icon("airplane48.ico", new BMap.Size(-0.0000001,-0.0000001),{
anchor: new BMap.Size(2, 3) //偏移
})});
map.addOverlay(marker);
}
//添加 三角箭头
function add_Vector(x,y){
var vectorFCArrow = new BMap.Marker(new BMap.Point(x,y), {
icon: new BMap.Symbol(BMap_Symbol_SHAPE_FORWARD_CLOSED_ARROW, {// 初始化方向向上的闭合箭头
scale: 5,
strokeWeight: 1,
rotation: 0,//顺时针旋转30度
fillColor: 'red',
fillOpacity: 0.8
})
});
map.addOverlay(vectorFCArrow);
vectorFCArrow.show() ;
//vectorFCArrow.hide()
}
function showAlert() {
alert('this is web alert');
}
//************* long, lat GPS坐标 这里经过了GPS转BD09的过程
function addmarker(x,y){
translateCallback = function (data){
if(data.status === 0) {
var marker = new BMap.Marker(data.points[0],{icon:new BMap.Icon("airplane48.ico", new BMap.Size(-0.0000001,-0.0000001))}); // 创建标注
var label = new BMap.Label(x+","+y+",",{offset:new BMap.Size(20,-10)});
marker.setLabel(label);
map.addOverlay(marker);
} }
setTimeout(function(){ //GPS转百度坐标
var convertor = new BMap.Convertor();
var pointArr = [];
pointArr.push(new BMap.Point(x,y));
convertor.translate(pointArr, 1, 5, translateCallback) //;
}, 100);
}
// QT交互*********************************************
new QWebChannel(qt.webChannelTransport, function(channel) {
window.bridge_js = channel.objects.bridge_name; //bridge_name 与QT 中一致
window.bridge_js.sigYourName.connect(function(name) {
alert(name);
});
});
map.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
alert(e.point.lng + "," + e.point.lat);
bridge_js.getCoordinate(e.point.lng, e.point.lat);
});
//********************************************* end
// 测试 ，添加示例标注 图片+ 标点 GPS坐标
translateCallback = function (data){
if(data.status === 0) {
add_Point(data.points[0].lng,data.points[0].lat);
add_Ico(data.points[0].lng,data.points[0].lat);
map.setCenter(data.points[0]);
} //
}
setTimeout(function(){ //GPS转百度坐标
var convertor = new BMap.Convertor();
var pointArr = [];
pointArr.push(new BMap.Point(118.7901447,31.9391303));
convertor.translate(pointArr, 1, 5, translateCallback)
}, 100); //end
//测试， BD09坐标 ，未转换。
add_Ico(118.801465,31.943004);
add_Point(118.801465,31.943004);
add_Vector(118.801465,31.943004);
alert("hello,");
</script>
<!--
-->
2.QT开发
代码如下（示例）：
bridge.h文件 : 创建对象供JS调用，JS函数直接调用bridge文件中的函数
#ifndef BRIDGE_H
#define BRIDGE_H
#include <QObject>
#include <QJSValue>
#include <functional>
#include <QVariant>
class bridge : QObject
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
bridge();
signals:
void sigYourName(const QString &name);
public slots:
void getYourName();
void getCoordinate(QString lon,QString lat);
};
#endif // BRIDGE_H
bridge.cpp文件 : 创建对象供JS调用，JS函数直接调用bridge文件中的函数
#include "bridge.h"
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QJSEngine>
#include <QDebug>
bridge::bridge()
{
}
void bridge::getYourName()
{
emit sigYourName("hello, world!");
}
void bridge::getCoordinate(QString lon, QString lat)
{
qDebug()<<lon<<lat;
}
主函数中使用
bridge *mybride = new bridge(); //创建通道对象用于JS交互
channel = new QWebChannel(this); //创建通道用于JS交互
channel->registerObject("bridge_name",(QObject*)mybride);
//这里注册对象名"bridge_name"要与JS函数用到的名称一致
//这里ui->webView等是UI界面的嵌入百度地图的指针，把上面创建通道放入、
ui->webView->page()->setWebChannel(channel);
ui->webView_taskManage->page()->setWebChannel(channel);
ui->webView_control->page()->setWebChannel(channel);
最终可以实现以下的效果，界面上面会跳出经纬度，QT内部会输出HTML界面上面的经纬度。
总结
这里我对于HTML的经纬度交互做了一个简单的实现，这一步实现了以后，后面可以进行一些复杂的操作
参考文章：
QT5.9 利用 QWebEngineView / QWebChannel 调用JavaScript 实现QT与HTML网页数据交互， 实现QT加载百度地图并与地图交互数据
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