Spring boot 启动流程

Spring boot 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
    }
}

上面的例子是一个常见的SpirngBoot 入口类，接触过Spring boot的大佬应该都很熟悉了，屏蔽了WEB创建项的复杂性质屏蔽了Spring boot创建过程的复杂性质。

SpringApplication 实例化

调用方法
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);

对应实现的源代码

     //  调用的是源代码的 run 方法
    public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Object source, String... args) {
        return run(new Object[] { source }, args);
    }

    // 实际调用的是 run 的重载方法
    public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Object[] sources, String[] args) {
        return new SpringApplication(sources).run(args);
    }

调用 SpringApplication 的 run方法 实例化一个 SpringApplication 的对象并调用 其run() 方法。

SpringApplication 构造方法源代码

    public SpringApplication(Object... sources) {
        initialize(sources);
    }
    private void initialize(Object[] sources) {
        if (sources != null && sources.length > 0) {
            this.sources.addAll(Arrays.asList(sources));
        }
        this.webEnvironment = deduceWebEnvironment();
        setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(
                ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
        setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
        this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();
    }

实例化的过程主要完成以下内容

deduceWebApplicationType 判断是否为web应用

    private boolean deduceWebEnvironment() {
        for (String className : WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASSES) {
            if (!ClassUtils.isPresent(className, null)) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

这里WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASSES  是一个常量数组
/** private static final String[] WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASSES = { "javax.servlet.Servlet",
            "org.springframework.web.context.ConfigurableWebApplicationContext" };*/

通过 调用 ClassUtils的静态方法 isPresent 来判断环境变量里面是否有常量数组中的类。
   public static boolean isPresent(String className, ClassLoader classLoader) {
        try {
            forName(className, classLoader);
            return true;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            return false;
        }
    }

setInitializers 设置初始化

查看代码

    setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(
                ApplicationContextInitializer.class));

这里涉及到两个方法

1. setInitializers

//   initializers 实例化，  调用Arraylist.addAll进行列表拷贝
    public void setInitializers(
            Collection<? extends ApplicationContextInitializer<?>> initializers) {
        this.initializers = new ArrayList<ApplicationContextInitializer<?>>();
        this.initializers.addAll(initializers);
    }

2 . getSpringFactoriesInstances

//   方法有重载
    private <T> Collection<? extends T> getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type) {
        return getSpringFactoriesInstances(type, new Class<?>[] {});
    }

// 调用的实际方法
    private <T> Collection<? extends T> getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type,
            Class<?>[] parameterTypes, Object... args) {
        ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
        // type ==ApplicationContextInitializer.class
             // 使用Set进行数据去重  得到所有的 ApplicationContextInitializer 实现类
        Set<String> names = new LinkedHashSet<String>(
                SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(type, classLoader));
             //   类实例化 
        List<T> instances = createSpringFactoriesInstances(type, parameterTypes,
                classLoader, args, names);
            //  源码调用的 集合的排序方法 
        AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(instances);
        return instances;
    }  

再去看下 SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames

    public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryClass, ClassLoader classLoader) {
        String factoryClassName = factoryClass.getName();

        try {
      // 遍历所有的 META-INF/spring.factories 文件(据此可以去实现模块定义开发)
            Enumeration<URL> urls = classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources("META-INF/spring.factories") : ClassLoader.getSystemResources("META-INF/spring.factories");
            ArrayList result = new ArrayList();
   // 遍历枚举
            while(urls.hasMoreElements()) {
                URL url = (URL)urls.nextElement();
                Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(new UrlResource(url));
                String factoryClassNames = properties.getProperty(factoryClassName);    


   //    将字符串进行逗号分割后  拷贝值 result数组中
                result.addAll(Arrays.asList(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(factoryClassNames)));
            }

            return result;
        } catch (IOException var8) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load [" + factoryClass.getName() + "] factories from location [" + "META-INF/spring.factories" + "]", var8);
        }
    }

附属 一个 spring.factories 文件

# Initializers
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SharedMetadataReaderFactoryContextInitializer,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.logging.AutoConfigurationReportLoggingInitializer

createSpringFactoriesInstances

    private <T> List<T> createSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type,
            Class<?>[] parameterTypes, ClassLoader classLoader, Object[] args,
            Set<String> names) {
        List<T> instances = new ArrayList<T>(names.size());
        for (String name : names) {
            try {
                  //  通过反射进行类的实例化
                Class<?> instanceClass = ClassUtils.forName(name, classLoader);
                Assert.isAssignable(type, instanceClass);
                Constructor<?> constructor = instanceClass
                        .getDeclaredConstructor(parameterTypes);
                T instance = (T) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructor, args);
                instances.add(instance);
            }
            catch (Throwable ex) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "Cannot instantiate " + type + " : " + name, ex);
            }
        }
        return instances;
    }

设置 初始化 的过程到此技术， 遍历所有类路径下的 ApplicationContextInitializer 类进行实例化 最终保存到 this.initializers中
ApplicationContextInitializer 源码

//  一个泛型接口，  界限 为 ConfigurableApplicationContext   只有一个方法 initialize
public interface ApplicationContextInitializer<C extends ConfigurableApplicationContext> {
    void initialize(C var1);
}

setListeners 设置监听器

setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));

// getSpringFactoriesInstances 方法   遍历所有的 ApplicationListener


    public void setListeners(Collection<? extends ApplicationListener<?>> listeners) {
        this.listeners = new ArrayList<ApplicationListener<?>>();
        this.listeners.addAll(listeners);
    }

初使化classpath下的所有的可用的ApplicationListener ，与设置初始化很类似。

this.mainApplicationClass 程序入口推断

       this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();

    private Class<?> deduceMainApplicationClass() {
        try {
            StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = new RuntimeException().getStackTrace();
              //  构造一个运行时异常，得到堆栈轨迹元素的数组，代表了这个线程的堆栈情况
            // 然后进行遍历得到main方法，返回对应的类
            for (StackTraceElement stackTraceElement : stackTrace) {
                if ("main".equals(stackTraceElement.getMethodName())) {
                    return Class.forName(stackTraceElement.getClassName());
                }
            }
        }
        catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
            // Swallow and continue
        }
        return null;
    }

===
SpringApplication 实例化到此结束

run

    public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
        StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
        stopWatch.start();
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
        FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
        configureHeadlessProperty();
     //    得到所有的  RunListeners  然后调用listeners 的started方法
        SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
        listeners.starting();
        try {
            ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
                    args);
// 根据listeners 以及  args  准备 环境变量
            ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
                    applicationArguments);
            Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
// 创建上下文
            context = createApplicationContext();
            analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
            prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
                    printedBanner);
            refreshContext(context);
            afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
            listeners.finished(context, null);
            stopWatch.stop();
            if (this.logStartupInfo) {
                new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
                        .logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
            }
            return context;
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex);
            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
        }
    }

getRunListeners

    private SpringApplicationRunListeners getRunListeners(String[] args) {
        Class<?>[] types = new Class<?>[] { SpringApplication.class, String[].class };
        return new SpringApplicationRunListeners(logger, getSpringFactoriesInstances(
                SpringApplicationRunListener.class, types, this, args));
    }

/**

SpringApplicationRunListeners 的构造函数，里面维护一个SpringApplicationRunListener 集合。
  调用  SpringApplicationRunListeners的方法时，会对集和里面的所有元素进行同方法的调用

    SpringApplicationRunListeners(Log log,
            Collection<? extends SpringApplicationRunListener> listeners) {
        this.log = log;
        this.listeners = new ArrayList<SpringApplicationRunListener>(listeners);
    }
*/

附

public interface SpringApplicationRunListener {
    void started();
    void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment);
    void contextPrepared(ConfigurableApplicationContext context);
    void contextLoaded(ConfigurableApplicationContext context);
    void finished(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception);

}

prepareEnvironment

     // 根据listeners以及 applicationArguments 准备环境
    private ConfigurableEnvironment prepareEnvironment(
            SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners,
            ApplicationArguments applicationArguments) {
        // Create and configure the environment
        ConfigurableEnvironment environment = getOrCreateEnvironment();
//  配置环境
        configureEnvironment(environment, applicationArguments.getSourceArgs());
        // listeners发出广播事件
                listeners.environmentPrepared(environment);
        if (isWebEnvironment(environment) && !this.webEnvironment) {
            environment = convertToStandardEnvironment(environment);
        }
        return environment;
    }

//  判断是环境 返回对应的  Environment
    private ConfigurableEnvironment getOrCreateEnvironment() {
        if (this.environment != null) {
            return this.environment;
        }
        if (this.webEnvironment) {
            return new StandardServletEnvironment();
        }
        return new StandardEnvironment();
    }

     配置环境的代码，后续展开Environment 系列源码刨析
    protected void configureEnvironment(ConfigurableEnvironment environment,
            String[] args) {
        configurePropertySources(environment, args);
        configureProfiles(environment, args);
    }

准备环境的过程中 RunListeners 依据观察者模式，会发出广播，listeners.environmentPrepared(environment);

创建上下文

context = createApplicationContext();
prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
                    printedBanner);

    protected ConfigurableApplicationContext createApplicationContext() {
        Class<?> contextClass = this.applicationContextClass;
        if (contextClass == null) {
            try {
 //  根据应用类型创建不同的  上下文

// 对于web应用创建的为 DEFAULT_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS 
                contextClass = Class.forName(this.webEnvironment
                        ? DEFAULT_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS : DEFAULT_CONTEXT_CLASS);
            }
            catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "Unable create a default ApplicationContext, "
                                + "please specify an ApplicationContextClass",
                        ex);
            }
        }
        return (ConfigurableApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiate(contextClass);
    }
     */
    public static final String DEFAULT_CONTEXT_CLASS = "org.springframework.context."
            + "annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext";


    public static final String DEFAULT_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS = "org.springframework."
            + "boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext";
    /*

prepareContext 上下文前置处理

    private void prepareContext(ConfigurableApplicationContext context,
            ConfigurableEnvironment environment, SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners,
            ApplicationArguments applicationArguments, Banner printedBanner) {
//  设置环境变量
        context.setEnvironment(environment);

// 配置bean name 生成器,Classload,以及Resourceload
        postProcessApplicationContext(context);
        applyInitializers(context);
        listeners.contextPrepared(context);
        if (this.logStartupInfo) {
            logStartupInfo(context.getParent() == null);
            logStartupProfileInfo(context);
        }

        // Add boot specific singleton beans
        context.getBeanFactory().registerSingleton("springApplicationArguments",
                applicationArguments);
        if (printedBanner != null) {
            context.getBeanFactory().registerSingleton("springBootBanner", printedBanner);
        }

        // Load the sources
        Set<Object> sources = getSources();
        Assert.notEmpty(sources, "Sources must not be empty");
        load(context, sources.toArray(new Object[sources.size()]));
        listeners.contextLoaded(context);
    }

调用初始化器 applyInitializers(context)

    protected void applyInitializers(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
        for (ApplicationContextInitializer initializer : getInitializers()) {
            Class<?> requiredType = GenericTypeResolver.resolveTypeArgument(
                    initializer.getClass(), ApplicationContextInitializer.class);
            Assert.isInstanceOf(requiredType, context, "Unable to call initializer.");
            initializer.initialize(context);
        }
    }
//  遍历所有的  `ApplicationContextInitializer` 调用 `initialize`方法传入参数 （当前的上下文）

刷新上下文 refreshContext(context);

AbstractApplicationContext

    private void refreshContext(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
        refresh(context);
       //  注册应用关闭时的钩子
        if (this.registerShutdownHook) {
            try {
                context.registerShutdownHook();
            }
            catch (AccessControlException ex) {
                // Not allowed in some environments.
            }
        }
    }
     // 调用父类的 refresh方法
    protected void refresh(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        Assert.isInstanceOf(AbstractApplicationContext.class, applicationContext);
        ((AbstractApplicationContext) applicationContext).refresh();
    }

  //  具体实现都在 AbstractApplicationContext 类中

  public void registerShutdownHook() {
        if (this.shutdownHook == null) {
            this.shutdownHook = new Thread() {
                public void run() {
                    synchronized(AbstractApplicationContext.this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
                        AbstractApplicationContext.this.doClose();
                    }
                }
            };
            Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(this.shutdownHook);
        }

    }
// 默认实现了一个   关闭钩子，调用 doClose方法。

 public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
        Object var1 = this.startupShutdownMonitor;
        synchronized(this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
            this.prepareRefresh();
            ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = this.obtainFreshBeanFactory();
            this.prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

            try {
                this.postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
                this.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
                this.registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
                this.initMessageSource();
                this.initApplicationEventMulticaster();
                this.onRefresh();
                this.registerListeners();
                this.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
                this.finishRefresh();
            } catch (BeansException var9) {
                if (this.logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: " + var9);
                }

                this.destroyBeans();
                this.cancelRefresh(var9);
                throw var9;
            } finally {
                this.resetCommonCaches();
            }

        }
    }

上下文刷新后的afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);

protected void afterRefresh(ConfigurableApplicationContext context,
            ApplicationArguments args) {
        callRunners(context, args);
    }

    private void callRunners(ApplicationContext context, ApplicationArguments args) {
        List<Object> runners = new ArrayList<Object>();
        runners.addAll(context.getBeansOfType(ApplicationRunner.class).values());
        runners.addAll(context.getBeansOfType(CommandLineRunner.class).values());
        AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(runners);
        for (Object runner : new LinkedHashSet<Object>(runners)) {
            if (runner instanceof ApplicationRunner) {
                callRunner((ApplicationRunner) runner, args);
            }
            if (runner instanceof CommandLineRunner) {
                callRunner((CommandLineRunner) runner, args);
            }
        }
    }

    private void callRunner(ApplicationRunner runner, ApplicationArguments args) {
        try {
            (runner).run(args);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to execute ApplicationRunner", ex);
        }
    }

    private void callRunner(CommandLineRunner runner, ApplicationArguments args) {
        try {
            (runner).run(args.getSourceArgs());
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to execute CommandLineRunner", ex);
        }
    }

调用所有的Runners ApplicationRunner或者CommandLineRunner接口的实现 调用时会对Runners 进行排序。

---

SpringApplication初始化

• 判断环境
• 获得初始化器
• 获得监听器
• 判断入口函数

run方法

• 获得运行时listener
• 准备运行时环境
• 准备运行时上下文
• 刷新上下文
• 执行Runner