147. Insertion Sort List
Sort a linked list using insertion sort.
Example 1:
Input: 4->2->1->3
Output: 1->2->3->4
链表的插入排序实现原理很简单,就是一个元素一个元素的从原链表中取出来,然后按顺序插入到新链表中,时间复杂度为O(n2),是一种效率并不是很高的算法,但是空间复杂度为O(1),以高时间复杂度换取了低空间复杂度。
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* struct ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode *next;
* ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
ListNode* insertionSortList(ListNode* head) {
ListNode *dummy = new ListNode(-1), *cur = dummy;
while (head) {
ListNode *t = head->next;
cur = dummy;
while (cur->next && cur->next->val <= head->val) {
cur = cur->next;
}
head->next = cur->next;
cur->next = head;
head = t;
}
return dummy->next;
}
};
148. Sort List
Sort a linked list in O(n log n) time using constant space complexity.
Example 1:
Input: 4->2->1->3
Output: 1->2->3->4
常见排序方法有很多,插入排序,选择排序,堆排序,快速排序,冒泡排序,归并排序,桶排序等等。。它们的时间复杂度不尽相同,而这里题目限定了时间必须为O(nlgn),符合要求只有快速排序,归并排序,堆排序,而根据单链表的特点,最适于用归并排序。
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* struct ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode *next;
* ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
ListNode* sortList(ListNode* head) {
if(!head || !head->next)
return head;
ListNode *slow=head,*fast=head,*pre=head;
while(fast&&fast->next){
pre=slow;
slow=slow->next;
fast=fast->next->next;
}
pre->next=NULL;
return merge(sortList(head),sortList(slow));
}
ListNode *merge(ListNode *l1,ListNode *l2){
ListNode *dummy=new ListNode(-1);
ListNode *cur=dummy;
while(l1&&l2){
if(l1->val < l2->val){
cur->next=l1;
l1=l1->next;
}
else{
cur->next=l2;
l2=l2->next;
}
cur=cur->next;
}
if(l1)
cur->next=l1;
if(l2)
cur->next=l2;
return dummy->next;
}
};
下面这种方法也是归并排序,而且在merge函数中也使用了递归,这样使代码更加简洁啦~
class Solution {
public:
ListNode* sortList(ListNode* head) {
if (!head || !head->next) return head;
ListNode *slow = head, *fast = head, *pre = head;
while (fast && fast->next) {
pre = slow;
slow = slow->next;
fast = fast->next->next;
}
pre->next = NULL;
return merge(sortList(head), sortList(slow));
}
ListNode* merge(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {
if (!l1) return l2;
if (!l2) return l1;
if (l1->val < l2->val) {
l1->next = merge(l1->next, l2);
return l1;
} else {
l2->next = merge(l1, l2->next);
return l2;
}
}
};