如何实现子线程运行执行 4 次后，主线程再运行 2 次，这样交替执行三遍的程序

针对这个问题，需要使用线程互相协调完成工作，这样首先会想到在 synchronized 代码块中加入wait()，nodify()方法进行线程的协调配合完成工作，我这里使用了ReetrantLock的 Condition 机制去完成线程协调与配合，具体代码如下：

package com.thread.communication;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * 具体线程协调相关的类
 *
 * @author tangyifei
 * @date 2019年8月22日10:55:05
 */
public class Bussiness {

    private static boolean subFlag = true;

    ReentrantLock reentrantLock = new ReentrantLock();
    Condition mainCondition = reentrantLock.newCondition();
    Condition subCondition = reentrantLock.newCondition();

    public void mainMethod() {
        reentrantLock.lock();
        while (subFlag) {
            try {
                mainCondition.await();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }

        for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
                    + " : main thread running loop count -- " + i);
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        subFlag = true;
        subCondition.signal();
        reentrantLock.unlock();
    }

    public void subMethod() {
        reentrantLock.lock();
        while (!subFlag) {
            try {
                subCondition.await();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
                    + " : sub thread running loop count -- " + i);
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
        subFlag = false;
        mainCondition.signal();
        reentrantLock.unlock();
    }
}

主类：

package com.thread.communication;

public class ThreadTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        final Bussiness bussiness = new Bussiness();

        new Thread(()->{
            for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
                bussiness.subMethod();
            }
        }).start();

        for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            bussiness.mainMethod();
        }
    }


}

执行结果如下：

Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 0
Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 1
Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 2
Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 3
main : main thread running loop count -- 0
main : main thread running loop count -- 1
Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 0
Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 1
Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 2
Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 3
main : main thread running loop count -- 0
main : main thread running loop count -- 1
Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 0
Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 1
Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 2
Thread-0 : sub thread running loop count -- 3
main : main thread running loop count -- 0
main : main thread running loop count -- 1

这样就实现了此功能。