S2SH开发环境搭建

一、创建数据库并设置编码为utf8

CREATE DATABASE testdb DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;

二、创建MyEclipse工程

1.新建基于web工程的SSH项目，并设置编码为UTF-8

2.添加框架环境

A.添加Junit（MyEclipse自带）

B.添加Struts2环境（jar包、struts.xml、web.xml）

  1)所需jar包

struts2-core-2.3.30.jar
xwork-core-2.3.30.jar
ognl-3.0.19.jar
commons-fileupload-1.3.2.jar
commons-io-2.2.jar
freemarker-2.3.22.jar
javassist-3.11.0.GA.jar
commons-lang3-3.2.jar
commons-logging-1.1.3.jar

  2)web.xml配置

    web.xml

<!-- 配置Struts2的核心的过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
	<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
	<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

  3)struts.xml配置（拷贝一个struts.xml模版到src目录,进行适当修改）

    struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span><!-- 配置为开发模式 -->
	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
	<!-- 把扩展名配置为action -->
	<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action" />
	<!-- 把主题配置为simple -->
	<constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple" />

	<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
		<action name="" class="">
			<result name=""></result>
		</action>
	</package>
</struts>

C.添加Hibernate环境（jar包、hibernate.cfg.xml、*.hbm.xml）

  1)所需Jar包

antlr-2.7.7.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.5.Final.jar
hibernate-core-4.3.11.Final.jar
hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar
javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar（Struts2框架中也有，二选一）
jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar
jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar
jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar
jdbc驱动
mysql-connector-java-5.1.39-bin.jar
c3p0数据库连接池
c3p0-0.9.2.1.jar
mchange-commons-java-0.2.3.4.jar

  2)hibernate.cfg.xml配置（拷贝一个hibernate.cfg.xml模版到src目录,进行适当修改）

    hibernate.cfg.xml

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
		<!-- 1.数据库连接信息 -->
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8</property>
		<property name="connection.username">root</property>
		<property name="connection.password">123</property>

		<!-- 2.其他配置 -->
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
		<property name="format_sql">true</property>
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>	<!-- 告诉Hibernate让它不使用单纯的JDBC连接，而使用连接池的方式，因为Hibernate默认是使用jdbc方式来获取值 -->
		<property name="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</property>

		<!-- 3.导入映射文件 -->
		<!-- <mapping resource="" /> -->
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

  3)*.hbm.xml配置（拷贝一个Person.hbm.xml模版到src目录,进行适当修改）

    Person.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="">
	<class name="" table="">
	<id name="">
		<span style="white-space:pre">	</span><generator class=""/>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span></id>
		<property name=""/>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

D.添加Spring环境（jar包、applicationContext.xml/beans.xml）

  1)所需Jar包

commons-logging-1.2.jar（Struts2框架已经有了）
spring-aop-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-jdbc-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-orm-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-tx-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar

  2)applicationContext.xml配置（拷贝一个applicationContext.xml模版到src目录,进行适当修改）

    applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span><!-- 自动扫描与装配bean -->
	<context:component-scan base-package=""/>
</beans>

3.整合SSH

A.Struts2与Spring整合

  a.单独测试Struts2

  1)新建TestAction类

    TestAction.java

package my.ssh.demo.test;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class TestAction extends ActionSupport {

	@Override
	public String execute() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("===> TextAction.execute()");
		return super.execute();
	}
}

  2)在WebRoot下新建test.jsp

    test.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span><head>
		<title>My JSP 'test.jsp' starting page</title>
	</head>
				  
	<body>
					
		Struts2添加成功！
					
	</body>
</html>

  3)在struts.xml中配置Action

    struts.xml

<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span><!-- 配置测试用的Action，未与Spring整合，class属性写类的全限定名 -->
	<action name="test" class="my.ssh.demo.test.TestAction">
		<result name="success">/test.jsp</result>
	</action>
</package>

  4)发布项目到服务器，启动服务器

访问http://localhost:8080/SSH/test.action
测试可以通过test.action正常访问test.jsp页面和是否输出"===> TextAction.execute()"

  b.单独测试Spring

  1)新建SpringTest类

    SpringTest.java

package my.ssh.demo.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;


public class SpringTest {

	private ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

	@Test
	public void testBean() throws Exception {
	TestAction testAction = (TestAction) ac.getBean("testAction");
		System.out.println(testAction);
	}
}

  2)向Spring容器注入bean（使用注解注入，修改TestAction.java）

    TestAction.java

package my.ssh.demo.test;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

@Controller
@Scope("prototype")
public class TestAction extends ActionSupport {

	@Override
	public String execute() throws Exception {
	System.out.println("===> TextAction.execute()");
		return super.execute();
	}
}

  3)修改applicationContext.xml

    applicationContext.xml

<!-- 自动扫描与装配bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="my.ssh.demo.test"/>

  4)运行SpringTest类中的testBean()方法

测试可以输出Spring容器中名为testAction的bean实例

  c.整合Spring与Struts2

  1)在web.xml配置Spring的监听器

    web.xml

<!-- 配置Spring的用于初始化容器对象的监听器 -->
<listener>
	<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<context-param>
	<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	<param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

  2)加入Struts2与Spring整合的一个jar包

struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.30.jar

  3)修改struts.xml

    struts.xml

<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
	<!--配置测试用的Action，当Struts2与Spring整合后的，class属性可以写bean的名称-->
	<action name="test" class="testAction">
		<result name="success">/test.jsp</result>
	</action>
</package>

  4)修改test.jsp

    test.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
	<head>
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span><title>My JSP 'test.jsp' starting page</title>
	</head>
				  
	<body>
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Struts2添加成功！<br/>
		Struts2与Spring整合成功！
					
	</body>
</html>

  5)发布项目到服务器，启动服务器

访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/SSH/test.action
测试可以通过test.action正常访问test.jsp页面和是否输出"===> TextAction.execute()"

B.Spring与Hibernate整合

  1)配置applicationContext.xml

    applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">

	<!-- 自动扫描与装配bean -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="my.ssh.demo.test"/>
	
	<!-- 导入外部的properties文件 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
	
	<!-- 配置SessionFactory -->
	<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<!-- 指定Hibernate的配置文件位置 -->
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/>
		<!-- 配置c3p0数据库连接池 -->
		<property name="dataSource">
			<bean class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
				<!-- 数据库连接信息 -->
				<property name="driverClass" value="${driverClass}"/>
				<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbcUrl}"/>
				<property name="user" value="${user}"/>
				<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
				<!-- 其他配置 -->
				<!--初始化时获取三个连接，取值应在minPoolSize与maxPoolSize之间。Default: 3 -->
				<property name="initialPoolSize" value="3"/>
				<!--连接池中保留的最小连接数。Default: 3 -->
				<property name="minPoolSize" value="3"/>
				<!--连接池中保留的最大连接数。Default: 15 -->
				<property name="maxPoolSize" value="5"/>
				<!--当连接池中的连接耗尽的时候c3p0一次同时获取的连接数。Default: 3 -->
				<property name="acquireIncrement" value="3"/>
				<!-- 控制数据源内加载的PreparedStatements数量。如果maxStatements与maxStatementsPerConnection均为0，则缓存被关闭。Default: 0 -->
				<property name="maxStatements" value="8"/>
				<!--maxStatementsPerConnection定义了连接池内单个连接所拥有的最大缓存statements数。Default: 0 -->
				<property name="maxStatementsPerConnection" value="5"/>
				<!--最大空闲时间,1800秒内未使用则连接被丢弃。若为0则永不丢弃。Default: 0 -->
				<property name="maxIdleTime" value="1800"/>
			</bean>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置声明式事务管理（采用注解的方式） -->
	<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
	</bean>
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>
</beans>

  2)修改hibernate.cfg.xml

    hibernate.cfg.xml

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span><!-- 1.数据库连接信息 -->
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

		<!-- 2.其他配置 -->
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
		<property name="format_sql">true</property>
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
		<!-- 告诉Hibernate让它不使用单纯的JDBC连接，而使用连接池的方式，因为Hibernate默认是使用jdbc方式来获取值 -->
		<property name="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</property>

		<!-- 3.导入映射文件 -->
		<!-- <mapping resource="" /> -->
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

  3)在src下新建jdbc.properties

    jdbc.properties

driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbcUrl=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/testdb?useUnicode\=true&characterEncoding\=utf8
user=root
password=123

  4)在SpringTest类添加测试testSessionFactory()方法

    SpringTest.java

//测试SessionFactory
@Test
public void testSessionFactory() throws Exception {
	SessionFactory sessionFactory = (SessionFactory) ac.getBean("sessionFactory");
	System.out.println(sessionFactory);
}

  5)运行SpringTest类中的testSessionFactory()方法

测试可以输出Spring容器中名为sessionFactory的bean的实例

  6)新建Person类

    Person.java

package my.ssh.demo.domain;

public class Person {

	private Long id;
	private String name;

	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
}

  7)修改Person.hbm.xml，和Person.java放在同一包下

    Person.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="my.ssh.demo.domain">
	<class name="Person" table="test_person">
		<id name="id">
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span><generator class="native"/>
		</id>
		<property name="name"/>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

  8)将Person.hbm.xml映射文件加入到hibernate.cfg.xml中

    hibernate.cfg.xml

<!-- 3.导入映射文件 -->
<mapping resource="my/ssh/demo/domain/Person.hbm.xml" />

  9)新建TestService类

    TestService.java

package my.ssh.demo.test;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;

import my.ssh.demo.domain.Person;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service("testService")
public class TestService {

	@Resource
	private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

	@Transactional
	public void saveTwoPersons(){
		Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();

		session.save(new Person());
		int a = 1 / 0;//这行会抛异常
		session.save(new Person());
	}
}

  10)在SpringTest类添加测试testTransaction()方法

    SpringTest.java

//测试事务
@Test
public void testTransaction() throws Exception {
	TestService testService = (TestService) ac.getBean("testService");
	System.out.println(testService);
}

  11)运行SpringTest类中的testTransaction()方法

测试抛异常，查看数据库没有记录，说明事务回滚
将TestService.java中的int a = 1 / 0;注释掉之后再运行SpringTest类中的testTransaction()方法
测试运行成功，数据库有记录，说明事务已提交，每次测试表中数据id都会间隔1

C.Struts2与Spring与Hibernate整合

  1)修改TestAction类

    TestAction.java

package my.ssh.demo.test;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

@Controller
@Scope("prototype")
public class TestAction extends ActionSupport {

	@Resource
	private TestService testService;

	@Override
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>public String execute() throws Exception {
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>System.out.println("===> TextAction.execute()");
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>testService.saveTwoPersons();
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>return super.execute();
	}
}

  2)修改test.jsp

    test.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span><head>
		<title>My JSP 'test.jsp' starting page</title>
	</head>

	<body>

	Struts2添加成功！<br/>
	Struts2与Spring整合成功！<br/>
	Struts2与Spring与Hibernate整合成功！

	</body>
</html>

  3)发布项目到服务器，启动服务器

访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/SSH/test.action
测试通过test.action正常访问test.jsp页面和输出"===> TextAction.execute()"，查看数据表有数据，事务已提交！
再将TestService.java中的int a = 1 / 0;注释放开，访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/SSH/test.action抛异常，查看数据库表无数据，事务回滚！

项目整合成功，框架中的jar没有全部添加，视具体项目采用哪种技术再自行添加！