Android官方Guide回顾补漏

记录

1.设置启动Activity

            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="ANDROID.INTENT.CATEGORY.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter> 

  2.针对不同版本采用不同处理办法

	private void setUpActionBar() {
  	  // Make sure we're running on Honeycomb or higher to use ActionBar APIs
  	  if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {
  	      ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
  	      actionBar.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);   //左上角图标是否显示
  	  }
	} 

3.默认安装位置

	<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	          package="com.example"
 	         android:installLocation="auto">

4.文件相关知识

getFilesDir() //返回应用内部目录的File

getCacheDir() //返回应用临时缓存文件的内部目录的File

        File file = File.createTempFile(filename.null,getCacheDir()); //创建临时文件

 getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_XXXX )//得到外部存储的公共文件夹

getExternalFilesDir()  //得到外部存储的私有文件夹·

getFreeSpace()  //获取可用空间

myFile.delete() //删除文件

myContext.deleteFile(filename) //删除内部文件

检测外部存储是否可写

	public boolean isExternalStorageWritable() {
 	   String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
 	   if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) {
 	       return true;
  	  }
   	 return false;
	}

5.Intent

使用Uri来携带数据， 通过Intent的第一个参数Action确定需要调用的Activity。

Uri webpage = Uri.parse("http://www.android.com");
Intent webIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, webpage);

检测是否存在可响应的Activity

PackageManager packageManager = getPackageManager();
List activities = packageManager.queryIntentActivities(intent,
        PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);
boolean isIntentSafe = activities.size() > 0;

创建选择器，而不是选择默认程序

Intent chooser = Intent.createChooser(intent, title);

// Verify the intent will resolve to at least one activity
if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
    startActivity(chooser);
}

获取联系人数据后读取

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    // Check which request it is that we're responding to
    if (requestCode == PICK_CONTACT_REQUEST) {
        // Make sure the request was successful
        if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            // Get the URI that points to the selected contact
            Uri contactUri = data.getData();
            // We only need the NUMBER column, because there will be only one row in the result
            String[] projection = {Phone.NUMBER};

            // Perform the query on the contact to get the NUMBER column
            // We don't need a selection or sort order (there's only one result for the given URI)
            // CAUTION: The query() method should be called from a separate thread to avoid blocking
            // your app's UI thread. (For simplicity of the sample, this code doesn't do that.)
            // Consider using CursorLoader to perform the query.
            Cursor cursor = getContentResolver()
                    .query(contactUri, projection, null, null, null);
            cursor.moveToFirst();

            // Retrieve the phone number from the NUMBER column
            int column = cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER);
            String number = cursor.getString(column);

            // Do something with the phone number...
        }
    }
}

6.系统权限

从6.0（api23）开始，安卓程序在运行时请求权限，而不是再程序安装时请求权限。

检查权限的方式

int permissionCheck = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(thisActivity,
        Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR); 
        //有权限时返回 PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED  无权限时返回PERMISSION_DENIED

        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(thisActivity,				//无权限时请求权限
                new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},
                MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS);

处理权限请求响应

public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
        String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
    switch (requestCode) {
        case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS: {
            // If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
            if (grantResults.length > 0
                && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

                // permission was granted, yay! Do the
                // contacts-related task you need to do.

            } else {

                // permission denied, boo! Disable the
                // functionality that depends on this permission.
            }
            return;
        }

        // other 'case' lines to check for other
        // permissions this app might request
    }
}

7.应用间数据分享

首先定义Intent 设置Intent需要传递的数据

                Intent sendIntent = new Intent();
                sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
                sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM,imageUri);
                sendIntent.setType("image/jpeg");
                startActivity(Intent.createChooser(sendIntent, getResources().getText(R.string.send_to)));

在需要获取信息的Activity的配置文件里设置过滤器

            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="ANDROID.INTENT.ACTION.SEND" />
                <category android:name="ANDROID.INTENT.CATEGORY.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:mimeType="image/*" />
            </intent-filter>

在Activity中获取Intent并获取内容

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_intent);

        Intent intent = getIntent();
        String action = intent.getAction();
        String type = intent.getType();

        if(Intent.ACTION_SEND.equals(action) && type != null){
            if(type.startsWith("image/")){
                handleSendImage(intent);
            }
        }

    }

    private void handleSendImage(Intent intent) {
        Uri imageUri = intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);
        if(imageUri != null){
            
        }
    }