生产者消费者模式,生产者安全地将数据交给消费者。虽然仅是这样看似简单的操作,但当生产者和消费者以不同的线程运行时,两者之间的处理速度差异便会引起问题。例如,消费者想要获取数据,可数据还没有生成,或者生产者想要交付数据,而消费者的状态还无法接收数据等。一般来说,在该模式中,生产者和消费者都有多个,当然生产者和消费者有时也会只有一个。
有3位糕点师制作蛋糕并将其放到桌子上,然后有三个人来吃这些蛋糕。
糕点师(makerThread)制作蛋糕,并将其放到桌子(Table)上。
桌子上最多可放置3个蛋糕
如果桌子上已经放满三个蛋糕时糕点师还要再放置蛋糕,必须等到桌子上空出位置
客人取桌子上的蛋糕吃
客人按蛋糕被放置到桌子上的顺序来取蛋糕
当桌子上1个蛋糕都没有时,客人若要取蛋糕,必须等到桌子上新放置了蛋糕
package com.producerconsumer;
public class Table {
private final String[] buffer;
/** 下次put的位置 **/
private int tail;
/** 下次take的位置 **/
private int head;
/** buffer中的蛋糕个数 **/
private int count;
public Table( int count){
this.buffer = new String [count];
this.head = 0;
this.tail = 0;
this.count = 0;
}
/**
* 放置蛋糕
* @param cake
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
public synchronized void put(String cake) throws InterruptedException{
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " puts " +cake);
while(count >= buffer.length){
wait();
}
buffer[tail] = cake;
tail = (tail + 1) % buffer.length;
count++;
notifyAll();
}
public synchronized String take() throws InterruptedException{
while(count <= 0){
wait();
}
String cake = buffer[head];
head = (head + 1)% buffer.length;
count --;
notifyAll();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " takes " + cake);
return cake;
}
}
package com.producerconsumer;
import java.util.Random;
public class MakeeThread extends Thread{
private final Random random;
private final Table table;
private static int id = 0;
public MakeeThread(String name, Table table, long seed){
super(name);
this.table = table;
this.random = new Random();
}
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
try {
while(true){
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000));
String cake = "[Cake NO." + nextId() + " by " + getName() + " ] " ;
table.put(cake);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
private static synchronized int nextId() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return id++;
}
}
package com.producerconsumer;
import java.util.Random;
public class EaterThread extends Thread{
private final Random random;
private final Table table;
public EaterThread(String name, Table table, long seed){
super(name);
this.table = table;
this.random = new Random(seed);
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
while(true){
String take = table.take();
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
}
package com.producerconsumer;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建一个能放置是三个蛋糕的桌子
Table table = new Table(3);
new MakeeThread("MakerThread-1", table, 31415).start();
new MakeeThread("MakerThread-2", table, 92653).start();
new MakeeThread("MakerThread-3", table, 58979).start();
new EaterThread("EaterThread-1", table, 32384).start();
new EaterThread("EaterThread-2", table, 62643).start();
new EaterThread("EaterThread-3", table, 38327).start();
}
}