38 ansible playbook

PLAYBOOK的核心元素

• tasks
• vars
• templates
• handlers

playbook的基础组件

​ hosts：指定任务的目标主机

​ remote_user:远程主机执行任务的用户

​ tasks：任务列表

[root@node1 ansibletest]# cat fir.yaml 
- hosts: all
  remote_user: root
  
  tasks:
    - name: hello
      command: hostname

测试
ansible-playbook --check a.yaml 

运行
ansible-playbook a.yaml 

收集主机信息
ansible all -m setup 

web的配置

vim web.yaml
- hosts: all #所以主机
  remote_user: root  #以root身份运行
  tasks:  #任务清单
​  - name: install httpd
​    yum: name=httpd state=present  #安装httpd
​    - name: cfg
​      copy: src=files/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/  #拷贝配置文件
​    - name: service
​      service: name=httpd state=started  #启动服务
​    - name: check
	   shell: ss -tnl|grep 8080  #执行shell

[root@node1 ansibletest]# cat sec.yaml 
- hosts: all
  remote_user: root

  tasks:
    - name: create file
      file: name=/root/file1 state=touch
    - name: create user
      user: name=testy system=yes shell=/sbin/nologin
    - name: packages
      yum : name=dstat
    - name: copy     
      copy: src=/etc/fstab dest=/tmp/fs1
    - name: echo
      shell: echo 'hello world'

handlers

任务：在特定条件下才会触发，接收到其他任务的通知时可以触发动作

notify 通知handlers模块，通过标签来进行关联

- hosts: all
  remote_user: root

  tasks:
​    - name: install httpd
​          yum: name=httpd state=present
​    - name: cfg
​          copy: src=files/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/
​          notify: restart httpd #通知服务，配置文件发生修改
​    - name: service
​          service: name=httpd state=started

  handlers:
​    - name: restart httpd   #服务名称
​          service: name=httpd state=restarted  #服务动作

tags 执行yaml时选择标签来执行

ansible-playbook -t reshttp http.yaml
- name: start service
  service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes
  tags: reshttp

变量

ansible-playbook -m yum -e pkg=httpd --check bl.yaml

命令行-e 对变量进行赋值

vim bl.yaml
- hosts: all
  remote_user: root
- name: install {{ pkg }}
   yum: name={{ pkg }}

直接赋值变量

• • [root@node1 ansibletest]# cat bl.yaml
    
    - hosts: all
      remote_user: root
       vars:   #直接赋值
      - pkg: iotop
    
      tasks:
      - name: install pkg
        yum: name={{ pkg }}
    

根据配置文件来定义变量-全局变量

vim /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg

[web:vars]
nodename=www
domainname=lcc.com

[webs]
192.168.113.161 http_port=81


j2模板文件
- name:
​       hostname: name={{nodename}}{{}http_port}{{domainname}}
worker_processes {{ ansible_processor_vcpus }};
​
 cat nginx.yaml 
- hosts: all
  remote_user: root

  tasks:
  - name: install nginx
​    yum: name=nginx state=present

  - name: conf
​    template: src=files/nginx.conf dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
​    notify: restart nginx
​    tags: instconf

  - name: start
​    service: name=nginx state=started

  handlers:
  - name: restart nginx
​    service: name=nginx state=restarted