Ubuntu20.4安装mysql并配置远程访问

使用apt在线安装mysql

apt install mysql-server

 初始化并设置密码

执行安装脚本  mysql_secure_installation

初始化操作涉及下面5个步骤。

（1）安装验证密码插件。

（2）设置root管理员在数据库中的专有密码。

（3）随后删除匿名账户，并使用root管理员从远程登录数据库，以确保数据库上运行的业务的安全性。

（4）删除默认的测试数据库，取消测试数据库的一系列访问权限。

（5）刷新授权列表，让初始化的设定立即生效。

root@ubuntu-virtual-machine:~# mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.

VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?    # 要安装验证密码插件吗?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: N    # 这里我选择N
Please set the password for root here.

New password:   # 输入要为root管理员设置的数据库密码

Re-enter new password:   # 再次输入密码


By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y     # 删除匿名账户
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N    # 禁止root管理员从远程登录，这里我没有禁止

... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y   # 删除test数据库并取消对它的访问权限
- Dropping test database...
Success.

- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y   # 刷新授权表，让初始化后的设定立即生效
Success.

All done!

检查安装状态    systemctl status mysql

配置MySQL允许远程访问

编辑 /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf 配置文件：

nano /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

找到bind-address属性，后面的ip地址改成0.0.0.0保存并退出，然后重启mysql服务(也可以注释掉bind-address)

重启mysql    systemctl restart mysql

执行授权命令

mysql -u root -p

mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by '你的密码' with grant option;

mysql> flush privileges;    # 刷新权限

mysql> exit

重启mysql    systemctl restart mysql

然后就可以使用Navicat等连接工具玩耍了

 

 

 

设置忽略大小写   

修改mysql配置文件（my.cnf）

[client]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld]
port=3306
user=mysql
server_id=1
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
log_bin=master-a-bin
binlog-format=ROW
lower_case_table_names=1

chmod 644 /etc/my.cnf 然后service mysqld restart