LeetCode-Find the Difference

Description：
Given two strings s and t which consist of only lowercase letters.

String t is generated by random shuffling string s and then add one more letter at a random position.

Find the letter that was added in t.

Example:

Input:
s = "abcd"
t = "abcde"

Output:
e

Explanation:
'e' is the letter that was added.

题意：给定两个字符串s和t,其中字符串t是由s中的所有字符随机组合后再添加一个随机字符再任意位置形成的，现在要求找出字符串t中添加的这个随机字符；

解法：由题意我们知道字符串s和t仅仅相差了一个字符，因此我们可以用哈希表分别存储字符串s和t中每个字符出现的次数，之后我们遍历字符串t中的所有键（即t中的不同字符），找出与字符串s中相应字符次数不相同的那个，就是随机添加的字符；

Java

class Solution {
    public char findTheDifference(String s, String t) {
        Map<Character, Integer> cntS = new HashMap<>();
        Map<Character, Integer> cntT = new HashMap<>();
        char result = ' ';
        for (int i = 0; i < t.length(); i++) {
            if (i < s.length()) {
                cntS.put(s.charAt(i), cntS.getOrDefault(s.charAt(i), 0) + 1);
            }
            cntT.put(t.charAt(i), cntT.getOrDefault(t.charAt(i), 0) + 1);
        }
        for (Character key : cntT.keySet()) {
            if (cntT.get(key) != cntS.getOrDefault(key, 0)) {
                result = key;
                break;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}