typescript可辨识联合

如果一个类型是多个类型的联合类型，且多个类型含有一个公共属性，那么就可以利用这个公共属性，来创建不同的类型保护区块。

enum CarTransmission {
  Automatic = 200,
  Manual = 300
}

interface Motorcycle {
  vType: "motorcycle"; // discriminant
  make: number; // year
}

interface Car {
  vType: "car"; // discriminant
  transmission: CarTransmission
}

interface Truck {
  vType: "truck"; // discriminant
  capacity: number; // in tons
}

基于前面定义了三个接口，我们可以创建一个 Vehicle 联合类型：

type Vehicle = Motorcycle | Car | Truck;

接下来进行类型守卫

function evaluatePrice(vehicle: Vehicle) {
  switch(vehicle.vType) {
    case "car":
      return vehicle.transmission * EVALUATION_FACTOR;
    case "truck":
      return vehicle.capacity * EVALUATION_FACTOR;
    case "motorcycle":
      return vehicle.make * EVALUATION_FACTOR;
  }
}

完整demo

interface car{
    type:'car',
    age:number
}
interface bicycle{
    type:'bicycle',
    sex: number
}
interface boat{
    type:'boat',
    grade:number
}

type Vehicle = car | bicycle | boat;
const EVALUATION_FACTOR = Math.PI; 

function evaluatePrice(vehicle: Vehicle) {
  switch(vehicle.type) {
    case "car":
      return vehicle.age * EVALUATION_FACTOR;
    case "bicycle":
      return vehicle.sex * EVALUATION_FACTOR;
    case "boat":
      return vehicle.grade * EVALUATION_FACTOR;
  }
}

const myTruck: car = { type: "car", age: 9.5 };
const VehicleDate = evaluatePrice(myTruck);
console.log(VehicleDate);